This document provides guidelines for caring for vulnerable patients in the hospital. It defines vulnerable patients as those unable to protect or care for themselves. It identifies several patient groups as vulnerable including the elderly, young, terminally ill, and those with medical or psychiatric conditions. The document outlines how to assess vulnerability, identify at-risk patients, conduct fall risk assessments, ensure patient safety, obtain informed consent, educate patients and families, and properly document any falls that occur. It provides specific interventions and policies for caring for vulnerable patients and preventing common risks like falls.
This document outlines policies and procedures for caring for vulnerable patients. It defines vulnerable patients as those unable to protect or care for themselves. It identifies groups like young children, older adults, terminally ill, and those with medical or psychiatric conditions as vulnerable. The document describes assessing fall risks and other vulnerabilities. It provides tools to assess fall risk and outlines policies like conducting regular assessments, providing a safe environment, and documenting any falls. It stresses the importance of identifying vulnerable patients and taking appropriate care and safety measures to prevent potential harms during hospitalization.
This document defines vulnerable patients as those unable to protect or care for themselves, and lists several categories of vulnerable patients including the elderly, children, disabled individuals, and patients undergoing medical procedures. It describes how nurses should assess and care for vulnerable patients, with an emphasis on safety. Key safety measures include identification bands, regular checks, grab bars, non-slip surfaces, adequate lighting, and ensuring vulnerable patients are not left unattended. The goal is to minimize risks for these patients like falls, injuries, neglect, and infections.
Reduce the Risk of Patient Harm Resulting from Falls.pptxAhmad Thanin
This document outlines goals and protocols to reduce patient harm from falls in a healthcare setting. It defines falls and near falls, identifies common causes like loss of consciousness or medication side effects. Fall risk is assessed upon admission and reassessed if conditions change. Patients are classified by injury level from none to death. Standard precautions are outlined for low, moderate, and high fall risk patients. Interventions include monitoring mobility, bladder training, reviewing medications, and maintaining a safe environment.
Admission Procedure for Hospital services NABH ppt.pptxanjalatchi
Personal details of the patient are recorded. The tests ordered by the patient's doctor are charged. The room is assigned after the patient has been updated by either the Patient Accounting Department or the Customer Service Department.
Transfer of patients,Shifting of patients ,Range of Motion & Immobility- Nurs...Mathew Varghese V
This document discusses interventions for impaired body alignment and immobility. It covers anatomy of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems and their role in movement and posture. Key terms like mobility, immobility, and body mechanics are defined. Principles of proper body mechanics to prevent injury during movement and lifting are provided. Common devices to promote correct body alignment are listed. General instructions for moving and lifting patients safely are outlined.
This document outlines a falls prevention program with the objectives of maintaining patient safety, reducing injury risk, and determining how falls occur. It defines falls and near falls, identifies individual and environmental risk factors, and describes a protocol for assessing falls risk upon admission and after changes. The protocol includes implementing standard precautions like raising bed rails, hourly checks, and education for low, moderate, and high risk patients. It also describes post-fall care and reporting procedures.
Care of Vulnerable patient in hospital setting as per NABH.pptxanjalatchi
Several patient characteristics associated with vulnerability were identified. Socio-demographic condition, legal status and financial means seem to be the most important determinants. These characteristics were often linked, as if the costs prevent the system from adapting to the patient's needs.
The document discusses current trends, issues, and challenges in nursing in India. Some key trends include the reduction in distance due to improved communication technologies, increased computerization of patient care records, an emphasis on quality assurance and continuing nursing education. Issues outlined are the need for renewal of nursing registration, debates around degree vs. diploma qualifications, specialization, and establishing nursing care standards. Challenges discussed relate to nursing education, administration, research, and ensuring an adequate future for the nursing profession in India amidst changes in technology and healthcare delivery.
This document outlines policies and procedures for caring for vulnerable patients. It defines vulnerable patients as those unable to protect or care for themselves. It identifies groups like young children, older adults, terminally ill, and those with medical or psychiatric conditions as vulnerable. The document describes assessing fall risks and other vulnerabilities. It provides tools to assess fall risk and outlines policies like conducting regular assessments, providing a safe environment, and documenting any falls. It stresses the importance of identifying vulnerable patients and taking appropriate care and safety measures to prevent potential harms during hospitalization.
This document defines vulnerable patients as those unable to protect or care for themselves, and lists several categories of vulnerable patients including the elderly, children, disabled individuals, and patients undergoing medical procedures. It describes how nurses should assess and care for vulnerable patients, with an emphasis on safety. Key safety measures include identification bands, regular checks, grab bars, non-slip surfaces, adequate lighting, and ensuring vulnerable patients are not left unattended. The goal is to minimize risks for these patients like falls, injuries, neglect, and infections.
Reduce the Risk of Patient Harm Resulting from Falls.pptxAhmad Thanin
This document outlines goals and protocols to reduce patient harm from falls in a healthcare setting. It defines falls and near falls, identifies common causes like loss of consciousness or medication side effects. Fall risk is assessed upon admission and reassessed if conditions change. Patients are classified by injury level from none to death. Standard precautions are outlined for low, moderate, and high fall risk patients. Interventions include monitoring mobility, bladder training, reviewing medications, and maintaining a safe environment.
Admission Procedure for Hospital services NABH ppt.pptxanjalatchi
Personal details of the patient are recorded. The tests ordered by the patient's doctor are charged. The room is assigned after the patient has been updated by either the Patient Accounting Department or the Customer Service Department.
Transfer of patients,Shifting of patients ,Range of Motion & Immobility- Nurs...Mathew Varghese V
This document discusses interventions for impaired body alignment and immobility. It covers anatomy of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems and their role in movement and posture. Key terms like mobility, immobility, and body mechanics are defined. Principles of proper body mechanics to prevent injury during movement and lifting are provided. Common devices to promote correct body alignment are listed. General instructions for moving and lifting patients safely are outlined.
This document outlines a falls prevention program with the objectives of maintaining patient safety, reducing injury risk, and determining how falls occur. It defines falls and near falls, identifies individual and environmental risk factors, and describes a protocol for assessing falls risk upon admission and after changes. The protocol includes implementing standard precautions like raising bed rails, hourly checks, and education for low, moderate, and high risk patients. It also describes post-fall care and reporting procedures.
Care of Vulnerable patient in hospital setting as per NABH.pptxanjalatchi
Several patient characteristics associated with vulnerability were identified. Socio-demographic condition, legal status and financial means seem to be the most important determinants. These characteristics were often linked, as if the costs prevent the system from adapting to the patient's needs.
The document discusses current trends, issues, and challenges in nursing in India. Some key trends include the reduction in distance due to improved communication technologies, increased computerization of patient care records, an emphasis on quality assurance and continuing nursing education. Issues outlined are the need for renewal of nursing registration, debates around degree vs. diploma qualifications, specialization, and establishing nursing care standards. Challenges discussed relate to nursing education, administration, research, and ensuring an adequate future for the nursing profession in India amidst changes in technology and healthcare delivery.
This presentation provides nursing staff education on safely restraining patients when necessary. It aims to teach alternatives to restraints and safe restraint application and monitoring. Key points include obtaining proper physician orders, using restraints as a last resort, monitoring restrained patients every 15 minutes, and documenting care provided. The goal is to educate on restraint safety and providing a safe environment for restrained patients.
This document discusses the transfer of a patient from one unit or hospital to another. It defines a patient transfer as discharging a patient from one unit or agency and admitting them to another without going home in between. The two main types of transfers discussed are between units in the same hospital and between different hospitals. The key steps outlined for an intra-hospital transfer are obtaining a physician order, informing the patient and receiving unit, completing documentation, arranging transportation, and ensuring the receiving unit admits the patient. The nurse's role in the process involves communication, documentation, collecting patient belongings, and assisting in the physical transfer of the patient between units.
This document discusses admission and discharge procedures in a hospital. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for observation, investigation, treatment, and care. There are two main types of admission: emergency and routine. Discharge planning is a coordinated process that involves evaluating the patient's needs, discussing the discharge plan with the patient and family, and making arrangements for follow up care or transfer. Key responsibilities of nurses in admission and discharge include orienting and assessing patients, ensuring proper documentation, and communicating between departments to coordinate care.
This document discusses health informatics and patient safety. It covers visions for patient-centered care from Judge Cartwright in 1988 and the Bristol inquiry in 2001. Health IT use in New Zealand has increased, with nearly all doctors using electronic patient records by 2009. While health IT can help when designed properly, technology alone does not ensure patient safety or effective communication - a culture of safety and strong relationships are also required. Themes around continuous learning, responsibility, and communication are highlighted. A case example describes a surgeon who unknowingly removed a patient's gallbladder twice due to a missed scan report and unreviewed records.
This document outlines the code blue policy and procedures at SVMCH&RC hospital in Pondicherry, India. It defines a code blue as an alert to summon the code blue team for a person experiencing cardiac or respiratory arrest. The purpose is to immediately provide basic and advanced life support according to the code blue committee's guidelines. It describes the code blue team members, their roles, and the procedures for activating and responding to a code blue.
Nursing process, Fundamentals of Nursing Pooja Koirala
The document discusses the nursing process, which is a systematic, rational method for planning and providing individualized nursing care. It involves assessing patients, planning care, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes. The nursing process ensures care is individualized and addresses patients' unique needs. It also promotes communication, continuity of care, and the effective use of nurses' knowledge and skills. The document outlines the steps and principles of nursing assessment, which involves collecting both subjective and objective patient data through techniques like history taking and physical examination.
This document discusses the care of high risk patients in a hospital setting. It defines high risk patients as those who need emergency or priority care and are prone to critical conditions. Examples given include patients requiring life support, resuscitation services, blood transfusions, or who have communicable diseases. The document outlines how high risk patients should be assessed and monitored closely. It stresses the importance of adequate training for staff caring for these patients and maintaining a safe environment. Special consent and discharge procedures may also be required.
This document provides information on the nurse's role and responsibilities regarding the use of restraints. It defines restraints and outlines general principles, indications, types, risks, and guidelines for their use. The nurse's role includes obtaining a doctor's order, monitoring the restrained patient every 15 minutes, documenting checks every 2 hours, and considering the earliest removal of restraints. Alternatives to restraints should always be tried first to reduce risk of harm.
Progressive patient care (PPC) is an organizational model for hospitals that groups patients based on their nursing needs rather than other factors. It aims to provide the optimal level of care at minimum cost. PPC includes different levels of care like intensive care for critically ill patients requiring constant monitoring, intermediate care for patients needing moderate nursing assistance, and self-care or convalescent areas for patients who are physically independent. Implementing PPC provides benefits for doctors, nurses, hospitals, and patients by allowing for specialized care tailored to individual needs and more efficient use of resources. Effective planning and preparation is needed when implementing PPC to address issues like staff acceptance and patient transfers between units of care.
Patient transfer involves moving a patient from one surface to another for continuation of care. There are various types of transfers that depend on the patient's condition and abilities, including one-person or two-person standing pivots, transfers using boards, and sit-to-stand transfers. Proper preparation, communication, documentation, stabilization of the patient, and choice of transfer mode are important elements to consider. Modes of transfer can be intra-hospital shifts within the same facility or inter-hospital shifts using ground ambulances or air transport like helicopters. Equipment, monitoring, and safety techniques are vital to ensure safe transfer of the patient.
This document discusses methods for estimating nursing staff requirements through activity analysis. It begins by introducing the importance of having an orderly staffing methodology. Various approaches to classifying patients based on their care needs are described, such as completely dependent, partially dependent, and ambulatory. The document then shows how to calculate the estimated nursing hours required for each patient classification in different shifts. It provides an example of allocating nurses across morning, evening, and night shifts based on the workload and number of patients in each classification. The conclusion discusses different approaches to allocating nursing staff and importance of monitoring unit census data.
The document discusses patient safety in healthcare. It defines patient safety as the prevention of errors and adverse effects associated with healthcare delivery. It notes that the current environment involves errors and system failures due to limitations in understanding causes. Common types of errors include medication errors, near misses, adverse drug events, and sentinel events. The document outlines goals and practices to improve patient safety, such as proper patient identification, effective communication, and reducing healthcare-associated infections. It emphasizes the importance of policies, staff training, transparency, and review to enhance patient safety.
This document discusses critical care nursing and the care of critically ill patients. It defines critical illness as a life-threatening condition requiring intense and vigilant nursing care. Critical care nurses work in intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency departments, caring for patients with issues like respiratory failure, shock, neurological problems, infections, or post-surgery using advanced technology and equipment. The needs of critically ill patients and their families are also outlined, such as physical, emotional and psychological stress from the ICU environment.
This document discusses nurse and patient satisfaction. It defines job satisfaction for nurses as positive feelings about their work, while patient satisfaction measures how content patients are with their healthcare. Factors that influence satisfaction include motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like pay and conditions. The objective of patient satisfaction is to provide positive outcomes for patients, staff, and the organization. Ten pillars of patient satisfaction are outlined, and advantages of high nurse and patient satisfaction are improved retention, referrals, and staff morale. Professionals are advised to prioritize patient priorities and involvement.
This document discusses lifting and shifting patients using devices like wheelchairs and stretchers. It describes when lifting and shifting patients is needed, such as for pre-operative, anemic, elderly, gynecological, or critically ill patients. Proper techniques are outlined, including planning the movement, supporting the patient's head, shoulders, hips, thighs and ankles, taking help from others, encouraging patient participation, avoiding twisting or jerking, and preparing the environment, patient, equipment and self before and after the procedure.
The Morse Fall Scale is a rapid assessment tool used to evaluate a patient's risk of falling. It consists of six variables that are scored to determine a patient's risk level. Scores of 0-24 indicate low risk, 25-44 moderate risk, and 45 or higher high risk. The document outlines the six variables - history of falling, secondary diagnoses, ambulatory aids, IV therapy, gait, and mental status. It also provides recommended fall prevention interventions based on a patient's risk level, from ensuring call lights and bed brakes to using a bed exit alarm and sitter for high risk patients. Hospitals use the scale to assess fall risk and implement appropriate safety measures for fall prevention.
Job discription(Role & Responsibilities) of Nursing Officer/Nursing staffSANJAY SIR
It is uploaded to help nursing educators to teach their students about job description & role & responsibilities of professional nursing officer. it also create awareness among general public about duties & functions of nursing officers/nursing staff.
ROLE OF RESEARCH, LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT.pptxvaibhavpaul9
Role of research, leadership and management plays a vital role in field of Nursing. So here the definition of nursing ,definition of research, meaning of research, definition of nursing research, development of nursing research from nightingale to present, importance of research in nursing, role of research in nursing ,nurses responsibility in relation to research ,level of participation in nursing research is explained through diagram and gif animations .Definition of leader, characteristics and qualities of leader is explained, Leadership theories include trait theory, contigency theory, greatman theory, situational theory, leader member exchange theory, transformational theory etc. Leadership style includes Autocratic, democratic, pace setting, coaching, laissez faire etc. Role of nursing leaders. Definition of management ,functions of management, need of management in nursing, current research in nursing is also added .
This document discusses the future of nursing and the role of technology. It outlines that nursing will become more patient-centered and focused on health promotion. Nursing education will emphasize critical thinking, community care, and health systems. Shortages will increase nurses' workloads so technologies like telemedicine, nanotechnology, and robot nurses will help support nurses' work. Electronic medical records, remote patient monitoring, and automated medication delivery will be common. Nurses will need strong technical skills to navigate these innovations while maintaining a human touch in caring for patients.
The document outlines guidelines for planning and organizing intensive care services in a hospital. It discusses determining critical care needs, staffing requirements, physical space planning including bed layout and facilities, and policies for admission, treatment, and discharge. The optimal ICU size is 10-14 beds and should be centrally located with restricted access. Staffing should include nurses, physicians, technicians and ancillary staff. Admission criteria and treatment protocols should be clearly defined.
1) Admission to the hospital can cause anxiety for patients due to the unfamiliar environment. Nurses play an important role in welcoming patients and making them feel comfortable.
2) Accurate documentation in patient records is essential for communication between healthcare providers, planning care, and fulfilling legal requirements. Records must be written clearly, concisely, and in a timely manner.
3) The discharge process involves preparing patients physically and psychologically to transition back home or to another facility, with education on self-care, follow-up, and warning signs requiring medical attention.
Admission involves receiving patients into a hospital for observation, investigation, treatment or care. There are two main types of admission - emergency admissions for acute conditions requiring immediate treatment, and routine admissions for planned investigations or treatments. The admission process involves welcoming the patient, collecting baseline medical information, orienting them to the hospital environment and services, and providing initial care and treatment. Discharge planning begins at admission and involves assessing the patient's needs, educating them and their family, arranging follow-up care and ensuring safe transition home.
This presentation provides nursing staff education on safely restraining patients when necessary. It aims to teach alternatives to restraints and safe restraint application and monitoring. Key points include obtaining proper physician orders, using restraints as a last resort, monitoring restrained patients every 15 minutes, and documenting care provided. The goal is to educate on restraint safety and providing a safe environment for restrained patients.
This document discusses the transfer of a patient from one unit or hospital to another. It defines a patient transfer as discharging a patient from one unit or agency and admitting them to another without going home in between. The two main types of transfers discussed are between units in the same hospital and between different hospitals. The key steps outlined for an intra-hospital transfer are obtaining a physician order, informing the patient and receiving unit, completing documentation, arranging transportation, and ensuring the receiving unit admits the patient. The nurse's role in the process involves communication, documentation, collecting patient belongings, and assisting in the physical transfer of the patient between units.
This document discusses admission and discharge procedures in a hospital. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for observation, investigation, treatment, and care. There are two main types of admission: emergency and routine. Discharge planning is a coordinated process that involves evaluating the patient's needs, discussing the discharge plan with the patient and family, and making arrangements for follow up care or transfer. Key responsibilities of nurses in admission and discharge include orienting and assessing patients, ensuring proper documentation, and communicating between departments to coordinate care.
This document discusses health informatics and patient safety. It covers visions for patient-centered care from Judge Cartwright in 1988 and the Bristol inquiry in 2001. Health IT use in New Zealand has increased, with nearly all doctors using electronic patient records by 2009. While health IT can help when designed properly, technology alone does not ensure patient safety or effective communication - a culture of safety and strong relationships are also required. Themes around continuous learning, responsibility, and communication are highlighted. A case example describes a surgeon who unknowingly removed a patient's gallbladder twice due to a missed scan report and unreviewed records.
This document outlines the code blue policy and procedures at SVMCH&RC hospital in Pondicherry, India. It defines a code blue as an alert to summon the code blue team for a person experiencing cardiac or respiratory arrest. The purpose is to immediately provide basic and advanced life support according to the code blue committee's guidelines. It describes the code blue team members, their roles, and the procedures for activating and responding to a code blue.
Nursing process, Fundamentals of Nursing Pooja Koirala
The document discusses the nursing process, which is a systematic, rational method for planning and providing individualized nursing care. It involves assessing patients, planning care, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes. The nursing process ensures care is individualized and addresses patients' unique needs. It also promotes communication, continuity of care, and the effective use of nurses' knowledge and skills. The document outlines the steps and principles of nursing assessment, which involves collecting both subjective and objective patient data through techniques like history taking and physical examination.
This document discusses the care of high risk patients in a hospital setting. It defines high risk patients as those who need emergency or priority care and are prone to critical conditions. Examples given include patients requiring life support, resuscitation services, blood transfusions, or who have communicable diseases. The document outlines how high risk patients should be assessed and monitored closely. It stresses the importance of adequate training for staff caring for these patients and maintaining a safe environment. Special consent and discharge procedures may also be required.
This document provides information on the nurse's role and responsibilities regarding the use of restraints. It defines restraints and outlines general principles, indications, types, risks, and guidelines for their use. The nurse's role includes obtaining a doctor's order, monitoring the restrained patient every 15 minutes, documenting checks every 2 hours, and considering the earliest removal of restraints. Alternatives to restraints should always be tried first to reduce risk of harm.
Progressive patient care (PPC) is an organizational model for hospitals that groups patients based on their nursing needs rather than other factors. It aims to provide the optimal level of care at minimum cost. PPC includes different levels of care like intensive care for critically ill patients requiring constant monitoring, intermediate care for patients needing moderate nursing assistance, and self-care or convalescent areas for patients who are physically independent. Implementing PPC provides benefits for doctors, nurses, hospitals, and patients by allowing for specialized care tailored to individual needs and more efficient use of resources. Effective planning and preparation is needed when implementing PPC to address issues like staff acceptance and patient transfers between units of care.
Patient transfer involves moving a patient from one surface to another for continuation of care. There are various types of transfers that depend on the patient's condition and abilities, including one-person or two-person standing pivots, transfers using boards, and sit-to-stand transfers. Proper preparation, communication, documentation, stabilization of the patient, and choice of transfer mode are important elements to consider. Modes of transfer can be intra-hospital shifts within the same facility or inter-hospital shifts using ground ambulances or air transport like helicopters. Equipment, monitoring, and safety techniques are vital to ensure safe transfer of the patient.
This document discusses methods for estimating nursing staff requirements through activity analysis. It begins by introducing the importance of having an orderly staffing methodology. Various approaches to classifying patients based on their care needs are described, such as completely dependent, partially dependent, and ambulatory. The document then shows how to calculate the estimated nursing hours required for each patient classification in different shifts. It provides an example of allocating nurses across morning, evening, and night shifts based on the workload and number of patients in each classification. The conclusion discusses different approaches to allocating nursing staff and importance of monitoring unit census data.
The document discusses patient safety in healthcare. It defines patient safety as the prevention of errors and adverse effects associated with healthcare delivery. It notes that the current environment involves errors and system failures due to limitations in understanding causes. Common types of errors include medication errors, near misses, adverse drug events, and sentinel events. The document outlines goals and practices to improve patient safety, such as proper patient identification, effective communication, and reducing healthcare-associated infections. It emphasizes the importance of policies, staff training, transparency, and review to enhance patient safety.
This document discusses critical care nursing and the care of critically ill patients. It defines critical illness as a life-threatening condition requiring intense and vigilant nursing care. Critical care nurses work in intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency departments, caring for patients with issues like respiratory failure, shock, neurological problems, infections, or post-surgery using advanced technology and equipment. The needs of critically ill patients and their families are also outlined, such as physical, emotional and psychological stress from the ICU environment.
This document discusses nurse and patient satisfaction. It defines job satisfaction for nurses as positive feelings about their work, while patient satisfaction measures how content patients are with their healthcare. Factors that influence satisfaction include motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like pay and conditions. The objective of patient satisfaction is to provide positive outcomes for patients, staff, and the organization. Ten pillars of patient satisfaction are outlined, and advantages of high nurse and patient satisfaction are improved retention, referrals, and staff morale. Professionals are advised to prioritize patient priorities and involvement.
This document discusses lifting and shifting patients using devices like wheelchairs and stretchers. It describes when lifting and shifting patients is needed, such as for pre-operative, anemic, elderly, gynecological, or critically ill patients. Proper techniques are outlined, including planning the movement, supporting the patient's head, shoulders, hips, thighs and ankles, taking help from others, encouraging patient participation, avoiding twisting or jerking, and preparing the environment, patient, equipment and self before and after the procedure.
The Morse Fall Scale is a rapid assessment tool used to evaluate a patient's risk of falling. It consists of six variables that are scored to determine a patient's risk level. Scores of 0-24 indicate low risk, 25-44 moderate risk, and 45 or higher high risk. The document outlines the six variables - history of falling, secondary diagnoses, ambulatory aids, IV therapy, gait, and mental status. It also provides recommended fall prevention interventions based on a patient's risk level, from ensuring call lights and bed brakes to using a bed exit alarm and sitter for high risk patients. Hospitals use the scale to assess fall risk and implement appropriate safety measures for fall prevention.
Job discription(Role & Responsibilities) of Nursing Officer/Nursing staffSANJAY SIR
It is uploaded to help nursing educators to teach their students about job description & role & responsibilities of professional nursing officer. it also create awareness among general public about duties & functions of nursing officers/nursing staff.
ROLE OF RESEARCH, LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT.pptxvaibhavpaul9
Role of research, leadership and management plays a vital role in field of Nursing. So here the definition of nursing ,definition of research, meaning of research, definition of nursing research, development of nursing research from nightingale to present, importance of research in nursing, role of research in nursing ,nurses responsibility in relation to research ,level of participation in nursing research is explained through diagram and gif animations .Definition of leader, characteristics and qualities of leader is explained, Leadership theories include trait theory, contigency theory, greatman theory, situational theory, leader member exchange theory, transformational theory etc. Leadership style includes Autocratic, democratic, pace setting, coaching, laissez faire etc. Role of nursing leaders. Definition of management ,functions of management, need of management in nursing, current research in nursing is also added .
This document discusses the future of nursing and the role of technology. It outlines that nursing will become more patient-centered and focused on health promotion. Nursing education will emphasize critical thinking, community care, and health systems. Shortages will increase nurses' workloads so technologies like telemedicine, nanotechnology, and robot nurses will help support nurses' work. Electronic medical records, remote patient monitoring, and automated medication delivery will be common. Nurses will need strong technical skills to navigate these innovations while maintaining a human touch in caring for patients.
The document outlines guidelines for planning and organizing intensive care services in a hospital. It discusses determining critical care needs, staffing requirements, physical space planning including bed layout and facilities, and policies for admission, treatment, and discharge. The optimal ICU size is 10-14 beds and should be centrally located with restricted access. Staffing should include nurses, physicians, technicians and ancillary staff. Admission criteria and treatment protocols should be clearly defined.
1) Admission to the hospital can cause anxiety for patients due to the unfamiliar environment. Nurses play an important role in welcoming patients and making them feel comfortable.
2) Accurate documentation in patient records is essential for communication between healthcare providers, planning care, and fulfilling legal requirements. Records must be written clearly, concisely, and in a timely manner.
3) The discharge process involves preparing patients physically and psychologically to transition back home or to another facility, with education on self-care, follow-up, and warning signs requiring medical attention.
Admission involves receiving patients into a hospital for observation, investigation, treatment or care. There are two main types of admission - emergency admissions for acute conditions requiring immediate treatment, and routine admissions for planned investigations or treatments. The admission process involves welcoming the patient, collecting baseline medical information, orienting them to the hospital environment and services, and providing initial care and treatment. Discharge planning begins at admission and involves assessing the patient's needs, educating them and their family, arranging follow-up care and ensuring safe transition home.
Care of patient in acute biologic crisisTosca Torres
1. The document discusses care of clients in acute biologic crisis, including identifying situations that constitute a crisis, distinguishing types of crises, and appropriate emergency treatment and management.
2. Nursing interventions for clients in shock are described, including monitoring for complications, promoting rest and comfort, and supporting family members.
3. The stages of shock are outlined as compensatory, progressive, and irreversible, with assessments, medical and nursing management discussed for each stage.
The document discusses discharge and transfer procedures in a hospital setting. It defines discharge as when patients are released from the hospital after treatment and no longer need in-patient care. It also discusses the importance of discharge planning and educating patients and caregivers on home care needs. Transfer involves moving patients within or between facilities, which requires coordination and communication between medical teams. Key aspects of discharge and transfer include assessing patient needs, educating families, and ensuring continuity of care during transitions.
Emergency nursing involves caring for patients during critical illnesses or injuries. Emergency nurses conduct assessments, assist with procedures, communicate with EMS, and provide critical care. Florence Nightingale was the first emergency nurse during the Crimean War in 1854. Emergency nursing standards and certification were established in the 1970s-1980s. Emergency nurses are trained to think and act quickly while considering different nursing specialties. They conduct triage to prioritize patients and follow assessment protocols to rapidly identify life-threatening issues. Emergency nurses play a key role in patient management by preparing equipment, assisting with procedures, documenting care, and facilitating transfers. Research in emergency nursing is encouraged by professional organizations.
This document discusses admission and discharge procedures in a hospital setting. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for treatment purposes. The admission process involves receiving the patient, collecting their history, orienting them and the family, and coordinating care. Discharge planning is an interdisciplinary process that ensures continuity of care after discharge and involves evaluating the patient's needs and arranging any follow up care. Nurses play an important role in both admission and discharge by properly caring for patients, educating them and families, and ensuring proper documentation and coordination of care.
The document discusses the admission and discharge process for patients in the hospital. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for care and outlines the purposes of admission such as providing immediate care, assessing the patient, and establishing a nurse-patient relationship. The types of admission include emergency and routine admission. The document also discusses preparing the patient's room and unit for admission, the roles of the nurse during admission and discharge planning, and the steps to discharge a patient including completing records and ensuring instructions are understood.
This document discusses several topics related to nursing ethics including:
- Common ethical issues nurses face in clinical and organizational settings such as patient rights, goals of care, and allocation of resources.
- Key principles of ethics like beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy, and justice.
- Legal responsibilities of nurses including following rules/regulations, maintaining licensing, and providing competent care.
- Examples of negligence and malpractice, and the elements required in a medical lawsuit.
- Legal and ethical implications of various nursing situations such as admission/discharge of patients and administering medications.
Michael Balbin is a registered nurse from the Philippines seeking a position in Dubai. He has over 5 years of experience working in intensive care units. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Nursing and a Master's degree focusing on ICU medical nursing. His clinical experience includes caring for patients with various medical conditions and emergencies in ICU settings. He is licensed to practice nursing in both the Philippines and Dubai.
Vulnerable patients are those unable to protect or care for themselves, including infants, children, the disabled, elderly, those with medical conditions, and victims of abuse. They require close monitoring and specialized care. The document outlines how hospitals should assess and care for vulnerable groups like the elderly and children, ensuring safe environments, family support, and proper consent. Hospitals must provide necessary care or safe transfer, as well as discharge planning and documentation for vulnerable patients.
Vulnerable patients are those unable to protect or care for themselves, including infants, children, the disabled, elderly, those with medical conditions, and victims of abuse. They require close monitoring and specialized care. The document outlines how hospitals should assess and care for vulnerable groups like the elderly and children, ensuring their safety, family involvement, and proper documentation. Facilities must provide needed care or transfer high-risk patients as required and train staff to minimize risks when treating vulnerable groups.
Vulnerable patients are those unable to protect or care for themselves against harm, including infants, children, the disabled, elderly, those with substance abuse issues or in crisis. They are assessed for medical conditions, ability to perform daily living activities, nutritional and fall risks. Hospitals must provide necessary care for vulnerable patients, transferring those requiring further care and escorting critical patients. Staff caring for high-risk patients need proper training, and vulnerable patients require close monitoring and a safe environment. Family is encouraged to be involved, and special consent is needed following hospital policy.
Health care providers like midwives and nurses face complex ethical issues in their work with women of reproductive age due to interactions with patients and advanced technology. Knowledge of ethics helps nurses make decisions based on codes of ethics and understand their responsibilities to patients. Some key ethical principles that guide nurses include respecting patient autonomy and dignity, doing no harm, being fair, keeping promises, and protecting the vulnerable. Nurses may encounter ethical dilemmas when caring for patients undergoing procedures like abortion given their own moral beliefs, or when the rights of the mother and fetus conflict. Incident reports and informed consent are important tools to document any issues, protect legal rights, and ensure safe, ethical care.
Emergency nursing is a specialty that focuses on caring for patients during the critical phase of illness or injury when a diagnosis may not yet be known. Emergency nurses must be able to rapidly assess patients, recognize life-threatening conditions, and provide initial treatment. They work in emergency departments and other acute care settings, caring for people of all ages with a wide range of medical conditions, from minor illnesses to critical trauma. Emergency nurses play an important role in stabilizing patients, communicating with physicians, and providing initial care until a diagnosis can be made.
The document discusses the admission procedure for patients in a hospital. It describes preparing the patient's room, welcoming the patient and family, collecting information and records, providing orientation and care, and considering special needs and legal issues. The admission process aims to make patients feel comfortable and informed during a stressful experience by addressing their physical, emotional and informational needs.
This document discusses hospital admission and discharge procedures. It defines admission as allowing a client to stay in the hospital for treatment and defines discharge as when a patient leaves the hospital. It describes the types of admission as emergency or routine. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of nurses in both admission and discharge procedures, including preparing the unit, obtaining patient information, and ensuring all paperwork and belongings are in order. It also discusses medico-legal cases and procedures for handling patient discharge against medical advice.
The document discusses the admission procedure for patients in a hospital. It defines admission as allowing a patient to stay in the hospital for observation, investigation, and treatment. The admission process involves preparing the patient's room, checking identification, collecting health information and vital signs, administering any ordered treatments, orienting the patient to hospital policies and facilities, and documenting the admission in the patient's records for legal and care purposes. The nurse plays an important role in facilitating the admission process and making patients feel comfortable in the unfamiliar hospital environment.
Melissa Welborn has over 10 years of experience as a certified medical assistant. She has worked in fast-paced environments and has skills in patient care, minor procedures, charting, and medical terminology. Her experience includes working as a CMA for various clinics providing services such as vital sign monitoring, sample collection, medication administration, and assisting physicians with minor surgery.
This document provides information and guidelines for managing a Code Blue situation. It defines a Code Blue as indicating a patient requiring resuscitation or immediate medical attention due to respiratory or cardiac arrest. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Code Blue team, which includes medical staff from cardiology, anesthesia, nursing and respiratory therapy. It also describes the steps to take during a Code Blue, including activating the emergency, performing CPR, assessing the patient's condition, and treating any life-threatening arrhythmias according to ACLS protocols. Post-resuscitation care and documentation are also addressed.
1. POLICY ON GRIEVANCE & DICIPLINARY PROCEDURE.pptxMonishabasavaraj
This document discusses employee discipline and grievance procedures. It defines discipline as a process of training employees to develop self-control and become more efficient. Positive discipline focuses on self-discipline through rewards, while negative discipline enforces rules through penalties. Grievances are formal disputes between employees and management that must be addressed according to grievance procedures. These typically involve multiple steps moving up the management chain. The document also covers types of employee separation including voluntary resignations and retirements, as well as involuntary terminations like dismissal, layoffs, and retrenchment.
CPR involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to manually maintain heart function and oxygenated blood flow until medical treatment can restore normal heart rhythm. It is used when someone's heart stops beating or they stop breathing. The goals of CPR are to keep oxygen-rich blood circulating to the brain and other vital organs until definitive medical treatment can restore normal heart function or breathing. CPR procedures involve opening the airway, providing rescue breathing, performing chest compressions, and using an automated external defibrillator to deliver an electric shock if needed. Proper CPR technique and timing is crucial to maximize the chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
Records provide ready information and preserve evidence for future use. Personnel records are used for long-term purposes and include employment history, medical reports, attendance records, and more. The purpose of record keeping is to facilitate an orderly account of progress, enable comparisons, detect errors and frauds, meet legal requirements, and support personnel decisions. Personnel records play a significant role in performing functions like audits, research, and reviewing policies. They supply necessary information to management and unions.
This document discusses surgical safety and errors. It notes that 234 million operations are performed globally each year, with 1 million deaths and 7 million disabling complications, over 50% of which are preventable. Common errors include wrong site surgery, wrong patient surgery, and retained surgical instruments. Causes of errors include lack of protocols, training, supervision, communication breakdowns, and operating outside of one's expertise. Checklists modeled after aviation safety checklists have been shown to reduce complications and deaths when used in surgery. A WHO surgical safety checklist was tested in 8 hospitals globally and significantly reduced death rates and complication rates. Universal adoption of checklists and a culture of safety are seen as keys to reducing preventable surgical errors.
The document discusses the laws around prevention of sexual harassment in the Indian workplace. It defines sexual harassment, provides examples of unwelcome behavior, and outlines the complaint process and potential consequences. It notes that the objective of Indian laws is prevention, protection, and redressal of sexual harassment complaints. The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act of 2013 provides the framework.
1. A drug recall is a process of withdrawing a pharmaceutical product from distribution due to defects, adverse reactions, or counterfeiting concerns. The recall can be initiated by the manufacturer or regulatory authorities.
2. The objectives of a drug recall are to stop distribution of the affected product, notify relevant parties, remove the product from the marketplace, analyze the root cause, and implement corrective actions to prevent future recalls.
3. Recalls are classified by the CDSCO as Class I, II, or III based on the health risk posed by the defective product, with Class I posing the greatest risk requiring the fastest response.
The document discusses look alike and sound alike (LASA) medications, which can cause errors due to visual or phonetic similarities. It defines LASA medications and describes individual, environmental, and unique factors that can contribute to errors. The document lists examples of LASA drug categories from the FDA and ISMP. It then outlines strategies to prevent LASA errors in procurement, storage, dispensing, prescribing, administration, monitoring, and patient education. Finally, it provides an example of how one hospital implements various strategies like using tall man lettering, warnings, double checks, and education to address LASA medication safety issues.
Patient satisfaction is important for public accountability and quality improvement. It measures how useful, effective, or beneficial patients find healthcare services. Factors influencing satisfaction include quality/competency of providers, information/explanations, wait times, cost, effectiveness/appropriateness of care, amenities, and continuity of care. Surveys are conducted to evaluate satisfaction through structured questionnaires, discharge interviews, and suggestion/complaint boxes. Feedback is processed, actions are implemented, and satisfaction levels are periodically reviewed.
This document discusses various topics related to end of life care, including palliative care, hospice care, pain management, common symptoms, and more. It provides information on:
1) Palliative care aims to make patients as comfortable as possible, while hospice care focuses on those with a life expectancy of 6 months or less.
2) Common symptoms at end of life include pain, nausea, breathlessness, weight loss, and fatigue. Opioids, antiemetics, oxygen, corticosteroids, and other drugs can help manage these symptoms.
3) Additional issues covered include depression, delirium, anorexia, dyspnea, neuropathics pain, bone
This document provides guidance on spill management in a hospital setting. It outlines objectives to familiarize staff with regulatory standards, hazards, and appropriate spill responses. It also emphasizes having spill kits ready. The document discusses how spills can occur from faulty equipment or human error, posing infection risks. It differentiates between biological, chemical, and mercury spills, and small and large spills. Steps are provided for managing biological spills, including using protective equipment and a 10% hypochlorite solution.
This document provides information on housekeeping techniques for hospital housekeepers. It discusses the order of cleaning tasks, defines housekeeping, and explains the importance of housekeeping for aesthetic appeal, hygiene, maintenance, and safety. It also outlines specific cleaning techniques for hospitals, including areas to clean, cleaning agents, equipment, and principles of cleaning like cleaning from top to bottom. Hospital housekeeping aims to maintain a clean, safe, and hygienic environment to reduce infection risks.
This document discusses medicolegal issues that doctors may encounter. It defines a medicolegal case as one involving legal implications for the attending doctor where further investigation by law enforcement is required. The document outlines doctors' legal responsibilities in managing medicolegal cases, including informing law enforcement of certain injuries or deaths. It provides guidance on properly receiving, documenting, and managing different types of medicolegal cases.
This presentation discusses high-alert medications and strategies for their safe use. It begins by defining high-alert medications as those that carry a significant risk of patient harm if used in error. It then identifies the top five high-alert medication classes and provides case studies demonstrating errors. Finally, it outlines approaches like standardization, redundancy checks, and monitoring to minimize errors and their consequences for high-risk drugs. The goal is to develop policies and checklists to ensure the safest possible use of medications that require special precautions.
Linen and laundry services play an important role in hospital hygiene and patient comfort. Clean medical linens prevent germ transmission between patients and allow patients to feel at ease. An effective laundry requires collecting soiled linen, sorting, cleaning, inspecting and distributing clean linen. Key factors in planning a laundry include the hospital size, weather conditions, and linen classification by use and color. Proper facilities, equipment, and staffing are needed to efficiently process the daily linen workload. Quality monitoring and preventing linen loss are important for providing adequate supplies.
Child abduction from healthcare facilities is called "Code Pink". The document outlines policies, procedures, and guidelines for responding to a Code Pink, including activating emergency codes to alert staff, searching the facility, notifying law enforcement, and supporting affected families. Preventive measures include secure access controls, video monitoring, and educating staff to watch for suspicious behaviors near infants. Typical abductors are described as females appearing pregnant seeking opportunities when staff are distracted.
This document provides an overview of anaerobic microorganisms. It discusses their habitat, classification, virulence factors and pathogenesis. Key points include that anaerobes normally inhabit the skin, oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and genitalia. They outnumber aerobic bacteria in many areas. Common pathogenic genera include Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Clostridium and Peptostreptococcus. Virulence factors allow tissue invasion when mucosal barriers are breached. Laboratory diagnosis involves culture media and identification of colonies and metabolites.
This document discusses procedures for managing different types of spills that may occur in a hospital setting. It addresses biological spills, which can be small spots cleaned with damp cloths or larger spills requiring protective equipment and disinfectants. Chemical spills require identifying the chemical, taking precautions, and properly disposing of contaminated materials. Radioactive spills require estimating contamination, confining the area, cleaning using absorbent materials and detergent, and reporting the spill to supervisors.
This document provides guidance on environmental cleaning and infection prevention in healthcare facilities. It outlines the importance of cleaning in reducing pathogen transmission. Proper cleaning methods are described, including using disinfectant solutions in patient areas and detergent in non-patient areas. Personal protective equipment should be worn, and high-touch surfaces prioritized. Spills should be cleaned immediately using absorbent materials followed by disinfection. Terminal cleaning after patient discharge or transfer is crucial. Monitoring programs help ensure cleaning is effective. Training staff on cleaning protocols is important for infection prevention.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide workers and emergency personnel with information about how to safely handle hazardous substances. An MSDS contains 8 sections that detail the substance's physical properties, fire hazards, reactivity data, health effects, safe handling procedures, and control measures. The standard MSDS format is recommended by OSHA and includes sections that describe the manufacturer information, hazardous ingredients, fire and explosion risks, stability, health hazards, precautions, and protective equipment needed.
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptxwalterHu5
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
2. objectives
At the end of the session staff nurses shall,
⚫define vulnerable patients.
⚫list identified vulnerable patients in prashanth
hospitals.
⚫knows fall risk assessment tools.
⚫explains policy on vulnerable patients.
⚫enemurate and practice patient education and
implement.
interventions based on fall risk assessment.
3. DEFINITION OFVULNERABLE PATIENT
A patient who is or may be for any reason
unable to protect and take care of him or herself,
against significant harm or exploitation.
4. Assessment of Vulnerable Elderly:
⚫Neurological status
Psychological and mental status
⚫ Ability to meet Activities of DailyLiving
General physical assessment
⚫ Assessment for suspected nutritional and functional risks
Assessment for the risk of fall injury
⚫ Skin integrity assessment
⚫Assessment of Vulnerable Young Children:
⚫ General conditions
⚫ Medical or surgical conditions
⚫ Assessment for a suspected abuse or maltreatment
5. Following type of patients can be
identified as vulnerable patients
⚫ Below 12 years.
⚫Above 65 years.
⚫Terminally ill patients.
⚫Patient with intense and chronic pain(Pain more
than 6).
⚫Women experiencing terminations and
pregnancy.
⚫Patients with emotional psychiatric disorders.
⚫Patients receiving Chemotherapy.
⚫Patient whose immune systems are
compromised.
⚫Patient Suspected of Drug and alcohol
dependency.
6. Fall risk assessment tools
⚫Morse fall risk assessment
⚫Humpty dumpty scale for paediatrics
⚫Obestetric fall risk assessment
7. Policy on Vulnerable patients
Staff nurse shall assess Fall risk assessment for all
patients, twice a day(Morning and Night) initiate
appropriate interventions and ensure these are
documented.
Fall risk assessment need to be reassessed on internal
transfer of patient from one unit to another& in case
of patients’clinical condition alters(e.g.Surgical
intervention, clinical deterioration).
Assess the patient condition and provide care according to
their condition
Provide education on safety first programme and same
need to be documented.
8. Vulnerable patients are prone to face
following problems during their stay in the
hospital
1.Fall from bed or in washroom or while transporting
from one place to another. The physical and mental
limitation makes it difficult for these patients to
avoid falls
2.Harms due to medical errors such as wrong
medication, wrong diet etc., as they are unable to be
watchful about the care being given to them
3.Neglect, abuse (verbal or physical) and similar
other behaviours by some staff
4.Infringement of their rights, such as privacy,
informed consent, confidentiality, respect etc.
5.Acquiring of healthcare-associated infections, as
these patients may not be observant about infection
prevention practices
9. How to take appropriate care of vulnerable patients
It is evident that vulnerable patients require special
care and attention to prevent them from likely
harms. Following things can be done in this
regard
1. Identifying vulnerable patients – The
first step is to identify the vulnerable patient who
may require special attention. The list of
conditions under which a patient should be
considered ‘Vulnerable’ (as the one, given above)
can be used for quick identification of such
patients..
10. Contd….
Vulnerable patients so identified can be given a
patient ID band of a Orange colour, or a safety
first labelled on their medical file for the
information of healthcare staff. Fall leaf is
displayed on patient cot.
2. Fall risk assessment - One of the
prevalent risk, all vulnerable patients face is the
risk of fall. Hence, as a prevention measure, all
patients identified as vulnerable must be
assessed for risk of fall. ‘Morse fall scale’ can be
used for this purpose, which gives a risk score.
Necessary measures can be taken for a patient
11. 3. Safety of vulnerable patient –As vulnerable patients are susceptible
to certain harms, following safety practices must be followed for each
vulnerable patient. While this list is generic and can apply to all types
of vulnerable patients, inclusion, exclusion and modifications can be
done in the list depending upon the type and level of vulnerability
assessed.
Hospitals must have disabled friendly environment as
many patients categorized as vulnerable will be disabled.
Such patients should be monitored more frequently for
ensuring that they are safe.
12.
They shall be accompanied by an attendant
while going to washroom or any other area.
The washroom that they use must have grab
bars, anti-skid mats and call alarm system
While they are on bed safety railings should be
put up in place to prevent fall from bed
While being transported on wheelchairs or
stretchers, safety belt shall be put up
13. Within the hospital the all vulnerable elderly and children willbe
given all-necessary care needed with consideration.
If the patient’s condition demands further care which is not
available in our hospital , patient will be transferred to the
other hospitals/facilities.
While transferring the patients a staff nurse will be accompany
the patient along with the caregiver.
If the patient’s condition is critical , will be escorted by a doctor
and a nurse while transferring them form hospital to hospital.
Staff taking care of high risk patients must have adequate
training and skills.
The identified vulnerable patients will be under close monitoring
at all times during their hospitalization to minimize risks of health
care services.
14. All healthcare providers will maintain a safe environment, related but not limited
to: equipment, wheelchairs, bed rails, mobility needs, fall precautions .
All healthcare providers will encourage family involvement and support in care
delivery, education and decisions as appropriate.
Special consent considerations will be taken when needed for each individual case
following the hospital approved consenting policies
Once the patient is stabilized with the disease process, they will be fit for the
discharge.
The discharge patient will be discharged with follow-up advise.
All documentation required for the team to work and communicate effectively in the
care of high risk patients must be maintained as per hospital documentation policy.
15. Maintaining a safe environment
for all patients
⚫ Patients are nursed in an appropriate bed
⚫ Orientate all patients, parents/carers to room and ward
⚫ Keep beds in low position with brakes on and bed ends
in place
⚫ Side rails and cot sides are raised for appropriate age and
patient groups
⚫ Appropriate non slip footwear for ambulating patients
⚫ Nurse call within reach; educate patients and families on
its functionality
⚫ Maintain adequate lighting in patient’s room; low level
lighting at night.
16. Conti…..,
⚫ Keep floors clear of clutter including equipment and toys incase
of paediatrics.
⚫ Secure and supervise all patient with a safety belt or harness in
wheelchairs,stretchers
⚫ Hourly rounding will support the provision of proactive care
such as the need for assistance to the bathroom
⚫ Assist unsteady patients with ambulation; refer to physiotherapy
notes where available
⚫ Place necessary items a patient may need within reach (drinking
water, phone, etc)
⚫ Patients who have received sedation or general anaesthetic may
be unsteady and require supervision
⚫ Ensure equipment is well maintained and serviced appropriately
(such as wheelchairs and commodes)
17. Documentation of a fall event
⚫ Record the incident including: description of event
(location, activity occurring, time, who was present),
assessment findings, interventions and patient outcomes,
notification of the incident to the relatives.
⚫ Report the incident through the hospital incident reporting
system, All falls, including near misses should be reported.
The information from reported falls is used to gain insight
of the causes of falls for patients at the prashanth hospitals
and continuously improve the local falls prevention
program.
Afall has occurred
⚫ What factors contributed to the fall.
⚫ Outcome of post-fall assessment.
⚫ What additional protective measures have been put in place.
18. Who can give consent?
⚫ The consent shall be taken from the patient in all cases when the patient
is capable of giving consent and above the legal age for giving consent.
⚫ In case the patient is independent of decision making, this would
include the next of kin.
⚫ The order of preference for next of kin/legal guardian is
⚫ Spouse
⚫ Son/daughter/Parents
⚫ Brothers/Sisters
⚫ For life threatening situations, when a patient is incapable and next of
kin is unavailable, in the interest of time, the treating doctor and
another clinician can take a decision to safeguard the patient’s life.
⚫ For Adult patients: His/her signature or thumb impression is obtained
in the consent form along with the witness signature, name and contact
details.
⚫ For Paediatric cases: The signature is obtained from the parents.
19. ⚫ For unknown patients: Consent shall be given by the Medical Director along with
witness signature and are marked as MLC in the patient case sheet and the police is
intimated about the same.
⚫ For unconscious patients: consent shall be given by the attendant with the reason for
why the patient could not give the consent has to be documented by the consultant.
⚫ On life saving conditions: treating Doctor shall be authorized for decision making.
⚫ Consent for surgery and other related procedure shall be obtained by the surgeon
prior to surgery explaining about the procedure, outcome and expected duration of
recovery and the consent is obtained from patient / attending relative.
⚫ Consent for anaesthesia is obtained from patients after explaining the risks, benefits and
alternatives, person performing the procedure by the anaesthetist.
⚫ All patients those who undergo plastic surgery at Prashanth hospital, consent will be
obtained from the patient for taking photographs(before and after surgery) by the
surgeon.
⚫ For blood transfusion consent shall be obtained from patient by staff nurse and the
same will be verified and counter signed by the ordering consultant/ Doctor on duty.
⚫ For all invasive procedures consent will be obtained from the patients / attending
relative.
20. EXCLUSIONS OF INFORMED
CONSENT
⚫ A. Medical Emergency:
⚫ A procedure which may otherwise require informed
consent may be performed without obtaining prior
informed consent in an emergency when the patient is
incapable and cannot make an informed decision, and
the patient has a life-threatening situation requiring
immediate treatment such that any delay in treatment
would likely result in death, deterioration, or serious
permanent impairment. In such circumstances
treating doctor shall consent the patient, with proper
reasoning and the same shall be documented in the
patient case sheet.
⚫ If the patient is unconscious or not in a state to give
consent, the treating physician shall seek the consent
from attending relative or next of kin.
21. ⚫B.Minor:
⚫ If the patient is under 18 years of age, consent
should be obtained from legal guardian with the
specific facts and reasons the exception applies
must be documented in detail in the medical
record.
22. ⚫C.Emergencies in unconscious patients:
⚫If an emergency arises in an unconscious patient
the practitioner should, if time permits, endeavor
to obtain the consent of the next of kin, but if
urgent treatment or investigation is essential the
doctor should have no hesitation in proceeding to
do what is necessary.
⚫A written opinion of a professional colleague that
an emergency operation is absolutely necessary
can be obtained.
23. Patient and family education
⚫ Educational activities will be part of the fall prevention program and will
be as follows
⚫ Staff training to increase awareness of high risk patients and prevention
strategies
⚫ All nurses will be familiarized with the fall prevention program and
evaluated
⚫ Educating the patient and family about the risk of falls, safety issues and
their mobility limitations. The same will be documented in patient
records.
⚫ Teaching patients to make position changes slowly.
⚫ Orienting all patients to their bed area, ward facilities and how to get
assistance.
⚫ Explaining the use of grab bars in toilets to all patients
⚫ Reinforcing education to all high risk patients on a regular basis (every
shift) and on transfer between two wards
⚫ Side rails to be kept raised at all times for all high risk patients.
⚫ Place call bell & other necessary items like spectacles, drinking water
etc. within patients reach
⚫ Hourly visit to all patients to ensure all basic needs are met & all
necessary items & call bell is kept with the patients reach.
24. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
⚫Activities that aim to reduce environmental risks
include:
⚫
⚫Decreasing obstacles and clutter
⚫Night lights at bedside and toilet
⚫Stabilizing beds and bed side furniture
⚫Having grab bar inside toilets
⚫All repairs to be attended without delay.
⚫If an equipment or furniture requires repair, patientis
admitted to the room only after the issue is fixed.
⚫Caution board stating “wet floor” must be placed in case
of wet floor or during routine mopping.
25. ELIMINATION NEEDS:
⚫Interventions to support the patient’s
elimination needs include:
⚫Placing patients with urgency near toilets
⚫Checking patients who are receiving laxatives and
diuretics
⚫Toileting at risk patients routinely (offering bed pan
and urinal at regular intervals)
⚫Instructing male patients prone to dizziness to sit
while urinatingIf need to stand, ensure someone is
there with the patient
⚫Emergency call bell must be placed inside toilets
26. MEDICATIONS & MOBILITY
MEDICATIONS
⚫ Activities related to medication include:
⚫ Assessing patients receiving laxatives, diuretics, anti-
hypertensives etc.
MOBILITY
Interventions related to mobility:
⚫ Non-skid footwear
⚫ Providing physiotherapy
⚫ Instructing patients to rise slowly
⚫ Assistance while walking for “PTF” patients
⚫ Repeating activity limitation instruction to patient and family
⚫ Assisting “PTF” patients during transfer
⚫ Assisting “PTF” patients to increase mobility by walking
patients in corridor if there is no medical contraindication.
27. MENTAL STATE, BED REST
MENTAL STATE
⚫ Altered mental status is one of the common identified risk
factor for falling and the intervention include:
⚫
⚫ Reorienting confused patients regularly
⚫ Orienting patients to the hospital environment
⚫ Keeping confused patients near nurse’s station
⚫ Using family members to be with confused patients at all times
BED REST
⚫ Interventions that aim to reduce the risk of falling while
patient is on the bed include:
⚫ Ensure bed is in “Low” position
⚫ Ensure bed is locked.
⚫ Ensure bed side-rails are in “UP” position
⚫ Ensure patients can reach necessary items
28. WHEEL CHAIRS & CHAIRS
⚫ To prevent fall involving wheel chairs
include:
⚫Use safety straps or seat belts in chairs
⚫Ensure support to prevent slipping from chairs
⚫Selecting suitable chairs for sitting.