VOLVULUS PART 1.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•42 views
1. Volvulus is a condition where a loop of intestine twists around its mesentery, obstructing the bowel. This can occur in the sigmoid colon, cecum, stomach, or small intestine. 2. Patients present with symptoms of intestinal obstruction like abdominal pain, distension, and constipation. Risk factors include old age, constipation, Hirschsprung's disease, pregnancy, and abdominal adhesions. 3. Diagnosis involves abdominal x-rays, CT scans, and barium enemas to identify the site of obstruction. Treatment depends on the severity but may include decompression via sigmoidoscopy or surgery to correct ischemia, perforation, or recurrent cases. Comp
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its definition, types, causes, classification, pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations, and treatment. Intestinal obstruction can be dynamic, caused by mechanical blockage, or adynamic, where peristalsis is absent. Common causes include adhesions, tumors, hernias, and fecal impaction. Clinical exam and imaging help evaluate for mechanical obstruction or paralytic ileus. Treatment involves relieving the obstruction through surgery if needed, along with supportive measures like IV fluids and nasogastric decompression.
Malrotation
This document discusses intestinal malrotation, which occurs due to abnormal intestinal rotation and fixation during development. It describes the normal stages of intestinal rotation and fixation. Rotational disorders include nonrotation, incomplete rotation, and reverse rotation. Clinical manifestations include acute midgut volvulus in infants and chronic symptoms in older children. Radiologic imaging plays a key role in diagnosis. Treatment involves reducing recurrence of volvulus through the Ladd's procedure to divide abnormal bands and fix the intestine in normal positions.
Malrotation of gut
This document discusses intestinal malrotation, beginning with a definition and incidence. It describes the normal stages of intestinal rotation during embryonic development and defines different types of rotational disorders including nonrotation, incomplete rotation, and reverse rotation. Clinical presentations are outlined for acute midgut volvulus, chronic midgut volvulus, acute duodenal obstruction, and internal hernia. Radiologic findings that help diagnose malrotation are presented. Treatment involves reducing the risk of volvulus recurrence through the Ladd's procedure. Post-operative care and potential complications are also summarized.
Veterinary gastrointestinal surgery
this content is made by collection of photographs and literature from different sources about veterinary gastrointestinal surgery
Intestinal obstruction by Dr.Usman Haqqani
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its classification, etiology, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management. It classifies obstruction by site (small vs large bowel), presentation (acute, chronic, acute on chronic), and blood flow (simple vs strangulated). Common causes are adhesions, hernias, tumors, strictures and volvulus. Diagnosis involves history, exam, labs, imaging like abdominal X-rays and CT scans. Treatment depends on the severity and includes resuscitation, NG decompression, IV fluids, antibiotics if needed, and surgery for severe cases to remove the obstruction. Surgical procedures vary based on the site and nature of the obstruction.
IMAGING IN NEONATAL GIT
This document discusses various gastrointestinal conditions seen in neonates and infants that may require imaging evaluation. It describes the clinical presentations and key radiographic findings of conditions such as esophageal atresia, pyloric stenosis, intestinal atresias and obstructions, malrotation, intussusception, and Meckel's diverticulum. Imaging modalities discussed include radiography, upper GI studies, ultrasound, CT, and nuclear medicine scans. The document provides an overview of the imaging approach and features that help characterize many common neonatal gastrointestinal pathologies.
La boob
Large bowel obstruction is an emergent condition that requires prompt surgical intervention. It can result from infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, or mechanical causes such as volvulus or incarcerated hernia. Symptoms include abdominal pain, distention, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Diagnosis involves physical exam, imaging studies like CT scan, and lab tests. Treatment involves resuscitation, nasogastric decompression, and surgical resection of the obstructing lesion with proximal diversion such as colostomy. Complications can include perforation, sepsis, and death if not treated early. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause, with cancer outcomes varying based on the specific carcinoma.
Important disorders of colon
This is a powerpoint slideshow discussing some of the commonest disorders of colon; namely Hirschsprung's disease, Diverticular diseases of colon, ulcerative colitis, pseudomembranous colitis and ischemic colitis.
Recommended
INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its definition, types, causes, classification, pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations, and treatment. Intestinal obstruction can be dynamic, caused by mechanical blockage, or adynamic, where peristalsis is absent. Common causes include adhesions, tumors, hernias, and fecal impaction. Clinical exam and imaging help evaluate for mechanical obstruction or paralytic ileus. Treatment involves relieving the obstruction through surgery if needed, along with supportive measures like IV fluids and nasogastric decompression.
Malrotation
This document discusses intestinal malrotation, which occurs due to abnormal intestinal rotation and fixation during development. It describes the normal stages of intestinal rotation and fixation. Rotational disorders include nonrotation, incomplete rotation, and reverse rotation. Clinical manifestations include acute midgut volvulus in infants and chronic symptoms in older children. Radiologic imaging plays a key role in diagnosis. Treatment involves reducing recurrence of volvulus through the Ladd's procedure to divide abnormal bands and fix the intestine in normal positions.
Malrotation of gut
This document discusses intestinal malrotation, beginning with a definition and incidence. It describes the normal stages of intestinal rotation during embryonic development and defines different types of rotational disorders including nonrotation, incomplete rotation, and reverse rotation. Clinical presentations are outlined for acute midgut volvulus, chronic midgut volvulus, acute duodenal obstruction, and internal hernia. Radiologic findings that help diagnose malrotation are presented. Treatment involves reducing the risk of volvulus recurrence through the Ladd's procedure. Post-operative care and potential complications are also summarized.
Veterinary gastrointestinal surgery
this content is made by collection of photographs and literature from different sources about veterinary gastrointestinal surgery
Intestinal obstruction by Dr.Usman Haqqani
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its classification, etiology, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management. It classifies obstruction by site (small vs large bowel), presentation (acute, chronic, acute on chronic), and blood flow (simple vs strangulated). Common causes are adhesions, hernias, tumors, strictures and volvulus. Diagnosis involves history, exam, labs, imaging like abdominal X-rays and CT scans. Treatment depends on the severity and includes resuscitation, NG decompression, IV fluids, antibiotics if needed, and surgery for severe cases to remove the obstruction. Surgical procedures vary based on the site and nature of the obstruction.
IMAGING IN NEONATAL GIT
This document discusses various gastrointestinal conditions seen in neonates and infants that may require imaging evaluation. It describes the clinical presentations and key radiographic findings of conditions such as esophageal atresia, pyloric stenosis, intestinal atresias and obstructions, malrotation, intussusception, and Meckel's diverticulum. Imaging modalities discussed include radiography, upper GI studies, ultrasound, CT, and nuclear medicine scans. The document provides an overview of the imaging approach and features that help characterize many common neonatal gastrointestinal pathologies.
La boob
Large bowel obstruction is an emergent condition that requires prompt surgical intervention. It can result from infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, or mechanical causes such as volvulus or incarcerated hernia. Symptoms include abdominal pain, distention, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Diagnosis involves physical exam, imaging studies like CT scan, and lab tests. Treatment involves resuscitation, nasogastric decompression, and surgical resection of the obstructing lesion with proximal diversion such as colostomy. Complications can include perforation, sepsis, and death if not treated early. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause, with cancer outcomes varying based on the specific carcinoma.
Important disorders of colon
This is a powerpoint slideshow discussing some of the commonest disorders of colon; namely Hirschsprung's disease, Diverticular diseases of colon, ulcerative colitis, pseudomembranous colitis and ischemic colitis.
Appendicitis, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer disease, chron's disease
The document discusses appendicitis including its positions, definition, causes, clinical manifestations, investigations, differential diagnosis, treatment and CT scan findings. It provides information on the Alvarado score for diagnosing appendicitis. It also discusses Crohn's disease including its pathogenesis, pathology, clinical features, investigations, medical and surgical management. Finally, it covers diverticulitis including its pathogenesis, presentations of diverticulitis and bleeding, diagnostic tests and primary bowel resection treatment.
Acute cholecystitis.pptx
This document provides information on cholelithiasis (gallstones) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary system. Common causes of gallstones include altered gallbladder function, supersaturated bile, and altered enterohepatic circulation. Gallstones can be asymptomatic, cause biliary colic, or lead to complications like cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or cholangitis. Acute calculous cholecystitis is usually caused by a gallstone obstructing the cystic duct. Symptoms include right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. Treatment is usually laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Git anomalies
various congenital gastrointestinal diseases manifesting in childhood or even in adults, their radiographic findings on various imaging modalities such as radiograph, barium, ultrasound etc.
Acute Abdomen Intestinal Obstruction Peritonitis.pptx
The document discusses acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction. Acute abdomen is characterized by sudden onset of abdominal pain, tenderness and muscle rigidity, usually requiring emergency surgery. Intestinal obstruction occurs when there is restriction to the normal passage of intestinal contents, which can be paralytic or mechanical. Mechanical obstruction is further classified by speed of onset, site, nature, and cause. Common causes include hernia, adhesions, tumors, and fecal impaction. Clinical features include colicky pain, distension, constipation and vomiting. Investigations include abdominal x-rays and CT scans to determine the level and severity of obstruction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may require surgery for complete or strangulating obstructions.
Presentation1aboutabdominalradiology.pptx
This document provides an overview of interpreting abnormal x-rays of the abdomen using the ABCDE approach. It describes how to identify air in abnormal locations, abnormalities of the bowel loops including dilation and inflammation. It also discusses identifying dense structures like bones and calcifications. Specific conditions covered include pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumobilia, bowel obstructions, volvulus, and calcifications. Radiographic signs are provided for many of these conditions.
Volvulus in git
The document discusses different types of intestinal volvulus including gastric, small bowel, large bowel, and combinations. Gastric volvulus is classified as organoaxial or mesenteroaxial depending on the axis of rotation. Small bowel volvulus often occurs due to midgut malrotation. Large bowel volvulus commonly affects the cecum or sigmoid colon. Sigmoid volvulus is the most common type of large bowel volvulus and presents as an inverted U-shape on imaging. Cecal volvulus results from torsion of the cecum around its own mesentery.
CROHN'S DISEASE
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. It is characterized by transmural inflammation, skip lesions, and granuloma formation that can lead to complications like fistulas and strictures. The exact cause is unknown but involves genetic and environmental factors. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation through medications, nutrition support, and surgery for complications when medical therapy fails. Surgical options aim to preserve intestinal length and include resections of affected segments.
Large bowel obstruction -dr.p.saravanakumar ms pg tanjore medical college
This document discusses large bowel obstruction, including its classification, causes, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, and management. Large bowel obstruction can be classified depending on the nature, blood supply, presentation, and relation to the bowel lumen. The most common causes are colorectal cancer, colonic volvulus, and diverticulitis. Clinical features include abdominal distension, pain, constipation, and vomiting. Investigations include blood tests, imaging like CT, and endoscopy. Management involves resuscitation, decompression, surgery to resect non-viable bowel and anastomose or create a stoma, and treatment of underlying causes.
Acute abdomen
The document discusses the acute abdomen and various imaging modalities used to evaluate it. It covers:
1) The causes of acute abdomen including perforation, obstruction, inflammation and others.
2) The imaging modalities used including plain films, ultrasound, CT and their roles in evaluating specific causes.
3) How different conditions present on imaging including bowel obstruction, perforation, appendicitis and others.
Dysphagia and Carcinoma Oesophagus
This document discusses dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) by summarizing its anatomy, causes, evaluation, and treatments. Dysphagia can arise from problems in the oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal phases of swallowing and is evaluated through history, examination, imaging like barium swallow, and endoscopy. Common causes include oral cancers, pharyngeal infections or lesions, esophageal cancers, strictures, and motility disorders. Esophageal cancer is typically diagnosed by endoscopy and imaging and treated with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination depending on stage. Outcomes remain poor with only 5-10% five-year survival for advanced esophageal cancer.
Surgical Jaundice
This document outlines a seminar on gall bladder and biliary pathologies. It begins with an overview of gall bladder anatomy and functions. It then discusses common pathologies like cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and sclerosing cholangitis. Congenital abnormalities like biliary atresia and choledochal cyst are described. Finally, it covers tumors of the bile duct, distinguishing between benign and malignant types.
Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis
This document discusses cholelithiasis (gallstones) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). It covers the anatomy of the gallbladder and biliary tree. Common causes of gallstones include altered gallbladder function and supersaturated bile. Gallstones can be asymptomatic, cause biliary colic, or lead to complications like cholecystitis, pancreatitis and obstruction. Acute calculous cholecystitis is usually caused by a gallstone obstructing the cystic duct. Clinical features include right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. Investigations include ultrasound and blood tests. Treatment is usually laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Volvulus of colon
The document discusses volvulus of the colon, specifically sigmoid volvulus and cecal volvulus. It defines volvulus as the twisting of the bowel around its mesenteric axis, which can lead to obstruction and impaired blood supply. Sigmoid volvulus most commonly affects older individuals and can be managed through endoscopic detorsion or resection of the sigmoid colon. Cecal volvulus presents with intermittent or acute obstruction and is typically treated with right colectomy to prevent recurrence. Transverse colon volvulus has a higher mortality rate and requires surgical intervention.
Barium meal
Barium meal is a radiological study used to examine the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. It involves oral administration of barium contrast media. There are several types of barium meal studies including single contrast, double contrast, and biphase studies. Single contrast studies visualize the gross anatomy while double contrast studies provide better mucosal detail using barium and gas contrast. Barium meal exams can detect abnormalities such as ulcers, masses, polyps, and narrowings that may indicate conditions like peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, cancer, or motility disorders.
Diverticular disease of colon.pptx
This document provides tips for using a PowerPoint presentation on diverticular disease. It recommends actively engaging students by showing blank slides on topics like aetiology and asking students what they know before providing information. The presentation should be rerun with blanks slides, questions, and answers to reinforce learning. Formatting of the presentation includes sections like introduction, relevant anatomy, aetiology, pathophysiology, and management. Management of diverticular disease depends on severity of presentation, complications present, and comorbidities. Uncomplicated cases can be treated medically while complicated cases may require surgery.
dokumen.tips_veterinary-gastrointestinal-surgery.ppt
This document discusses various gastrointestinal surgical procedures in veterinary medicine. It covers topics such as gastric and abomasal ulcers, gastric dilatation and torsion, gastric neoplasms, bloat, and rumen fistulation and rumenotomy. Diagnostic techniques including radiography, endoscopy, and ultrasound are mentioned. Surgical treatments including gastrectomy, pyloroplasty, and rumenostomy are summarized. The document provides an overview of common gastrointestinal surgical conditions and procedures in large animals.
Volvulus
VOLVULUS
FEATURES
It is the twist (rotation) in the axis of the loop of the bowel either clockwise or anticlockwise.
Intestinal obstruction in children
Intestinal obstruction in children can have several causes including duodenal hematoma from blunt trauma or bleeding disorders, duplication cysts appearing as cystic masses on imaging, and Meckel's diverticulum which can cause bleeding or intussusception. Appendicitis presents with abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant. Henoch-Schonlein purpura causes small bowel vasculitis and presents with abdominal pain and rash. Imaging can identify thickened bowel loops, free fluid, and inflamed lymph nodes in appendicitis or bowel wall thickening in other causes of obstruction. Intussusception is a common cause in infants appearing as a soft tissue mass on x-ray or concentric rings on
common surgical problem in pediatrics done.pptx
This document discusses several common surgical problems in children. It begins by explaining the need for pediatricians to have knowledge of these conditions. It then lists and provides brief overviews of various issues such as cleft lip/palate, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Hirschsprung's disease, intestinal malformations, hernias, and genitourinary problems. For several conditions, it describes symptoms, investigations, management, and associated abnormalities. Throughout, it includes diagrams and images to illustrate key points.
Bowel obstruction
This document discusses bowel obstruction, including classification, common causes, clinical features, investigations, and treatment. Bowel obstruction can be dynamic or mechanical, and is classified as partial or complete. Common causes include adhesions, hernias, volvulus, and tumors. Clinical features include colicky pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, and constipation. Investigations may include blood tests, abdominal x-rays, CT scans, and contrast studies. Treatment involves resuscitation, decompression, antibiotics, and surgery to remove the obstruction or affected bowel segment. Complications can include bleeding, infection, leakage, and recurrent obstruction.
More Related Content
Similar to VOLVULUS PART 1.pptx
Appendicitis, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer disease, chron's disease
The document discusses appendicitis including its positions, definition, causes, clinical manifestations, investigations, differential diagnosis, treatment and CT scan findings. It provides information on the Alvarado score for diagnosing appendicitis. It also discusses Crohn's disease including its pathogenesis, pathology, clinical features, investigations, medical and surgical management. Finally, it covers diverticulitis including its pathogenesis, presentations of diverticulitis and bleeding, diagnostic tests and primary bowel resection treatment.
Acute cholecystitis.pptx
This document provides information on cholelithiasis (gallstones) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary system. Common causes of gallstones include altered gallbladder function, supersaturated bile, and altered enterohepatic circulation. Gallstones can be asymptomatic, cause biliary colic, or lead to complications like cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or cholangitis. Acute calculous cholecystitis is usually caused by a gallstone obstructing the cystic duct. Symptoms include right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. Treatment is usually laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Git anomalies
various congenital gastrointestinal diseases manifesting in childhood or even in adults, their radiographic findings on various imaging modalities such as radiograph, barium, ultrasound etc.
Acute Abdomen Intestinal Obstruction Peritonitis.pptx
The document discusses acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction. Acute abdomen is characterized by sudden onset of abdominal pain, tenderness and muscle rigidity, usually requiring emergency surgery. Intestinal obstruction occurs when there is restriction to the normal passage of intestinal contents, which can be paralytic or mechanical. Mechanical obstruction is further classified by speed of onset, site, nature, and cause. Common causes include hernia, adhesions, tumors, and fecal impaction. Clinical features include colicky pain, distension, constipation and vomiting. Investigations include abdominal x-rays and CT scans to determine the level and severity of obstruction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may require surgery for complete or strangulating obstructions.
Presentation1aboutabdominalradiology.pptx
This document provides an overview of interpreting abnormal x-rays of the abdomen using the ABCDE approach. It describes how to identify air in abnormal locations, abnormalities of the bowel loops including dilation and inflammation. It also discusses identifying dense structures like bones and calcifications. Specific conditions covered include pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumobilia, bowel obstructions, volvulus, and calcifications. Radiographic signs are provided for many of these conditions.
Volvulus in git
The document discusses different types of intestinal volvulus including gastric, small bowel, large bowel, and combinations. Gastric volvulus is classified as organoaxial or mesenteroaxial depending on the axis of rotation. Small bowel volvulus often occurs due to midgut malrotation. Large bowel volvulus commonly affects the cecum or sigmoid colon. Sigmoid volvulus is the most common type of large bowel volvulus and presents as an inverted U-shape on imaging. Cecal volvulus results from torsion of the cecum around its own mesentery.
CROHN'S DISEASE
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. It is characterized by transmural inflammation, skip lesions, and granuloma formation that can lead to complications like fistulas and strictures. The exact cause is unknown but involves genetic and environmental factors. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation through medications, nutrition support, and surgery for complications when medical therapy fails. Surgical options aim to preserve intestinal length and include resections of affected segments.
Large bowel obstruction -dr.p.saravanakumar ms pg tanjore medical college
This document discusses large bowel obstruction, including its classification, causes, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, and management. Large bowel obstruction can be classified depending on the nature, blood supply, presentation, and relation to the bowel lumen. The most common causes are colorectal cancer, colonic volvulus, and diverticulitis. Clinical features include abdominal distension, pain, constipation, and vomiting. Investigations include blood tests, imaging like CT, and endoscopy. Management involves resuscitation, decompression, surgery to resect non-viable bowel and anastomose or create a stoma, and treatment of underlying causes.
Acute abdomen
The document discusses the acute abdomen and various imaging modalities used to evaluate it. It covers:
1) The causes of acute abdomen including perforation, obstruction, inflammation and others.
2) The imaging modalities used including plain films, ultrasound, CT and their roles in evaluating specific causes.
3) How different conditions present on imaging including bowel obstruction, perforation, appendicitis and others.
Dysphagia and Carcinoma Oesophagus
This document discusses dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) by summarizing its anatomy, causes, evaluation, and treatments. Dysphagia can arise from problems in the oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal phases of swallowing and is evaluated through history, examination, imaging like barium swallow, and endoscopy. Common causes include oral cancers, pharyngeal infections or lesions, esophageal cancers, strictures, and motility disorders. Esophageal cancer is typically diagnosed by endoscopy and imaging and treated with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination depending on stage. Outcomes remain poor with only 5-10% five-year survival for advanced esophageal cancer.
Surgical Jaundice
This document outlines a seminar on gall bladder and biliary pathologies. It begins with an overview of gall bladder anatomy and functions. It then discusses common pathologies like cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and sclerosing cholangitis. Congenital abnormalities like biliary atresia and choledochal cyst are described. Finally, it covers tumors of the bile duct, distinguishing between benign and malignant types.
Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis
This document discusses cholelithiasis (gallstones) and cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). It covers the anatomy of the gallbladder and biliary tree. Common causes of gallstones include altered gallbladder function and supersaturated bile. Gallstones can be asymptomatic, cause biliary colic, or lead to complications like cholecystitis, pancreatitis and obstruction. Acute calculous cholecystitis is usually caused by a gallstone obstructing the cystic duct. Clinical features include right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. Investigations include ultrasound and blood tests. Treatment is usually laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Volvulus of colon
The document discusses volvulus of the colon, specifically sigmoid volvulus and cecal volvulus. It defines volvulus as the twisting of the bowel around its mesenteric axis, which can lead to obstruction and impaired blood supply. Sigmoid volvulus most commonly affects older individuals and can be managed through endoscopic detorsion or resection of the sigmoid colon. Cecal volvulus presents with intermittent or acute obstruction and is typically treated with right colectomy to prevent recurrence. Transverse colon volvulus has a higher mortality rate and requires surgical intervention.
Barium meal
Barium meal is a radiological study used to examine the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. It involves oral administration of barium contrast media. There are several types of barium meal studies including single contrast, double contrast, and biphase studies. Single contrast studies visualize the gross anatomy while double contrast studies provide better mucosal detail using barium and gas contrast. Barium meal exams can detect abnormalities such as ulcers, masses, polyps, and narrowings that may indicate conditions like peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, cancer, or motility disorders.
Diverticular disease of colon.pptx
This document provides tips for using a PowerPoint presentation on diverticular disease. It recommends actively engaging students by showing blank slides on topics like aetiology and asking students what they know before providing information. The presentation should be rerun with blanks slides, questions, and answers to reinforce learning. Formatting of the presentation includes sections like introduction, relevant anatomy, aetiology, pathophysiology, and management. Management of diverticular disease depends on severity of presentation, complications present, and comorbidities. Uncomplicated cases can be treated medically while complicated cases may require surgery.
dokumen.tips_veterinary-gastrointestinal-surgery.ppt
This document discusses various gastrointestinal surgical procedures in veterinary medicine. It covers topics such as gastric and abomasal ulcers, gastric dilatation and torsion, gastric neoplasms, bloat, and rumen fistulation and rumenotomy. Diagnostic techniques including radiography, endoscopy, and ultrasound are mentioned. Surgical treatments including gastrectomy, pyloroplasty, and rumenostomy are summarized. The document provides an overview of common gastrointestinal surgical conditions and procedures in large animals.
Volvulus
VOLVULUS
FEATURES
It is the twist (rotation) in the axis of the loop of the bowel either clockwise or anticlockwise.
Intestinal obstruction in children
Intestinal obstruction in children can have several causes including duodenal hematoma from blunt trauma or bleeding disorders, duplication cysts appearing as cystic masses on imaging, and Meckel's diverticulum which can cause bleeding or intussusception. Appendicitis presents with abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant. Henoch-Schonlein purpura causes small bowel vasculitis and presents with abdominal pain and rash. Imaging can identify thickened bowel loops, free fluid, and inflamed lymph nodes in appendicitis or bowel wall thickening in other causes of obstruction. Intussusception is a common cause in infants appearing as a soft tissue mass on x-ray or concentric rings on
common surgical problem in pediatrics done.pptx
This document discusses several common surgical problems in children. It begins by explaining the need for pediatricians to have knowledge of these conditions. It then lists and provides brief overviews of various issues such as cleft lip/palate, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Hirschsprung's disease, intestinal malformations, hernias, and genitourinary problems. For several conditions, it describes symptoms, investigations, management, and associated abnormalities. Throughout, it includes diagrams and images to illustrate key points.
Bowel obstruction
This document discusses bowel obstruction, including classification, common causes, clinical features, investigations, and treatment. Bowel obstruction can be dynamic or mechanical, and is classified as partial or complete. Common causes include adhesions, hernias, volvulus, and tumors. Clinical features include colicky pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, and constipation. Investigations may include blood tests, abdominal x-rays, CT scans, and contrast studies. Treatment involves resuscitation, decompression, antibiotics, and surgery to remove the obstruction or affected bowel segment. Complications can include bleeding, infection, leakage, and recurrent obstruction.
Similar to VOLVULUS PART 1.pptx (20)
Appendicitis, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer disease, chron's disease
Appendicitis, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer disease, chron's disease
Acute Abdomen Intestinal Obstruction Peritonitis.pptx
Acute Abdomen Intestinal Obstruction Peritonitis.pptx
Large bowel obstruction -dr.p.saravanakumar ms pg tanjore medical college
Large bowel obstruction -dr.p.saravanakumar ms pg tanjore medical college
dokumen.tips_veterinary-gastrointestinal-surgery.ppt
dokumen.tips_veterinary-gastrointestinal-surgery.ppt
Recently uploaded
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Recently uploaded (20)
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
VOLVULUS PART 1.pptx
- 2. Introduction • Obstruction caused by a loop in the intestines that twists and surrounds messentery, attaches intestine to back wall of the abdomen • volvulus is simply mean, intestines twist around its mesentery • compound volvulus a.k.a ileosigmoid knotting:- twisting of the ileum and sigmoid and viceversa. It is an intraoperative finding (difficult to see on x-ray). it sometimes centrally located like that of small intestine volvulus
- 4. TYPES 1. Sigmoid volvulus- most common 2. Ceaecal volvulus- 2nd most common 3. Gastric volvulus 4. Midgut (small intestine) • other way of classifying includes: Acute, Sub-acute and Compound
- 5. Risk factors • Old age and middle age • Constipation • Hirsprungs disease (increases the risk) • Pregnancy(fetus can cause displacement and twisting of the colon) • Abdominal adhesion(the scar tissue creates attachment between two parts of abdomen where the colon can twist)
- 6. History of presenting illness • patient presents with features of intestinal obstruction • colick abdominal pain • abdominal distension • absolute constipation • vomiting (usually late sign due to sigmoid distally located) • dehydration • fever
- 7. Physical examination • Distended abdomen • Abdomen is often very tympanic to percussion • If perforate or ischaemic: features of peritonism
- 8. Clinical investigation LABORATORY • Full blood count and differentials • electrolytes and urea, creatinine • liver function test • erythrocyte sedementation rate(ESR)
- 9. IMAGING (diagnostics modalities) • Abdominal x-ray (coffee bean/sigma sign, fridmandell’s sign,omega sign) - Erect x-ray - gases - Supine x-ray - gas fluid levels • Barium enema
- 11. • Ct scan (abdomen -pelvis with contrast) - much more sensitive and specific for bowel obstruction - identifies the site and cause - classically demonstrate a very dilated sigmoid colon with a ‘whirl sign’, from the twisting mesentery around its base
- 12. Differential diagnosis • Severe constipation • Pseudo-obstructions • Severe sigmoid diverticular disease
- 13. Treatment • Sigmoidoscopy and insertion of the flatus tube (to decompress and devolvulate the sigmoid volvulus) • Colonoscopy (to decompress and devolvulate the midgut) • Surgery (indication for surgery- laparatomy for a hartmann’s procedure) - colonic ischaemia or perforation - repeated failed attempts of decompression - necrotic bowel noted at endoscopy
- 14. Complications • strangulation • gangrene • perforation • hemorrhage • dehydration • shock • electrolytes imbalances • recurrence in cases where surgery was not done