Uploaded byHaroon Baig
Vocabulary development
The document discusses strategies for teaching vocabulary across different subjects. It begins by defining vocabulary and explaining its importance. It then provides several key points from research on vocabulary instruction, such as learning vocabulary being a lifelong process and encountering words in meaningful contexts. The document also outlines characteristics of effective direct vocabulary instruction, such as using multiple exposures and discussions to help students understand words. Various activities and tools to enhance vocabulary learning are presented, like graphic organizers, word parts, and games.
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Vocabulary development
- 1. TEACHING VOCABULARY ACROSS THECURRICULUM BY MUHAMMAD HAROON BAIG MA TESOL (Oxford),CELTA(Cambridge),MA Eng(Punjab),PGD TEFL (AIOU)
- 2. 1.The nature oflanguage teaching . The definition of teaching. Teaching is an attempt to help someone acquire, or change some skills, attitude,knowledge, ideal, or appreciation. In other words, the teacher's task is to create or influence desirable changes in behavior, or in tendencies toward behavior, in his/her students. HAROON
- 3. The nature oflanguage teaching (Aims and Objectives) 2.. The purpose of English teaching a. To improve their four skills. Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing b. To cultivate their communicative competence. c. To show them the way to study themselves. Haroon
- 4. PRE TASKS a. Whatare the most important issues when Teaching English today? b. Basic Principles -Students and Teachers (Worksheets) c. Need Analysis - Students (worksheet)
- 5. THE AIMS ANDSIGNIFICANCE OF THIS WORSHOP a) to help you to clear the importance as well as the aims of Vocabulary teaching at middle/high school . b) to introduce some commonly used techniques and methods adopted in teaching vocabulary across the curriculum. c) to prepare you for the coming teaching practice in the new academic year
- 6. TEACHING VOCABULARY ACROSSTHE CURRICULUM How would you define Vocabulary? What is Vocabulary? Vocabulary can be defined as “the words we must know to communicate effectively: the words in speaking ( expressive vocabulary) and words in listening( receptive vocabulary)” (Neuman and Dwyer, 2009 p.385)
- 7. TEACHING VOCABULARY ACROSSTHE CURRICULUM IMPORTANCE OF VOCABULARY Vocabulary has long been an important topic in academic circles ,but today it could be considered a hot topic. Research on Vocabulary One important finding from research suggests vocabulary learning never stops.(Smith, 1998) It is a natural and lifelong phenomenon. Vocabulary learning is a continual process of encountering new words in meaningful and comprehensible context.(Harmon,et al.2009). Can you think of an example of encountering words in meaningful context from daily life? Conclusion In short,throughout the life span ,people develop vocabulary effectively as they see words in meaningful contexts.
- 8. Different Kinds ofWords Require Different Kinds of Instruction! Learning a basic oral vocabulary Learning to read known words Learning new words representing known concepts Learning new words representing new concepts Learning new meanings for known words Clarifying and enriching the meanings of known words Moving words into students’ expressive vocabularies Building English learners’ vocabularies (Graves, 2006)
- 9. Limited Words (Marzano,2001, p. 122) Estimated no of terms that can be taught at various Grade Levels Grade Level No of word per week Total words in 32 weeks Cumulative Total K 0 0 0 1 1 32 32 2 3 96 128 3 4 128 256 4 5 160 416 5 10 320 736 6 15 480 1,216 7 20 640 1,856 8 20 640 2,496 9 25 800 3,296 10 25 800 4,096
- 10. What does theliterature say on Vocabulary instruction? Vocabulary instruction should focus on critical words Effective vocabulary instruction does not rely on definitions. Teaching word parts enhances understanding. Different types of words require different types of instruction. Active engagement improves learning. Repeated exposure is essential.
- 11. Characteristics of EffectiveDirect Vocabulary Instruction 1. Effective vocabulary instruction does not rely on definitions. 2. Students must represent their knowledge of words in linguistic and nonlinguistic ways. 3. Effective vocabulary instruction involves the gradual shaping of word meanings through multiple exposures. 4. Teaching word parts enhances students’ understanding of terms. 5. Different types of words require different types of instruction. 6. Students should discuss the terms they are learning. 7. Students should play with words. 8. Instruction should focus on terms that have a high probability of enhancing academic success.
- 12. The Case AgainstProviding Only Dictionary Definitions When people first learn words, they understand them more as descriptions as opposed to definitions (Beck, McKeown, & Kucan, 2002) Word Dictionary Definition Description illusion An erroneous perception of reality Something that looks like one thing but is really something else or is not there at all
- 13. Building Academic Vocabulary ASix-Step Process weekly 1 to 5 new words periodically all previous words 4. Engage students in word activities 5. Discuss words 6. Engage student “play” with words 1. Introduce word YOUR FEEDBACK ? How would you introduce/teach new words ? Student friendly descriptions, examples, explanations, images, etc. Must connect to students’ prior knowledge 2. Students generalize meaning 3. Students create nonlinguistic representation
- 14. ASCD. (2005). BuildingAcademic Vocabulary: Student Notebook.( Sample)
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- 16. Discussion & Activities Graphic Organizers Concept Map Semantic Mapping (semantic mapping is visual strategy for vocabulary expansion and expansion of knowledge by displaying in categories words related to one another) Frayer Model (The Frayer Model is an adaption of the concept model.It includes word,the definition,the characteristics
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- 18. Crystal Definition A solid madeof atoms in an ordered pattern Examples Metals Rocks Salt sugar NON-examples Coal Pepper lava Characteristics Glassy Clear coloured Brightly coloured Evenly shaped
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- 21. The Case AgainstProviding Only Dictionary Definitions When people first learn words, they understand them more as descriptions as opposed to definitions (Beck, McKeown, & Kucan, 2002) Word Dictionary Definition Description illusion An erroneous perception of reality Something that looks like one thing but is really something else or is not there at all
- 22. Research on Imageryas Elaboration 6 37 percent higher than… …students who kept repeating definitions. 4 21 percent higher than… …students who were using the terms in a sentence. Students who used imagery to learn vocabulary, on average, performed… # of studies (Pickering, 2007)
- 23. magnify word parts: magn (large, great) -ify (v. to do)
- 24. A Quick Note: StudentNote Taking Organized Vocabulary book WORKSHEETS Teacher-created Student notebooks Designated section of notebook Students must be able to adjust and build on their understanding of words.
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- 26. VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT SHEET EEE Voclaburystudy Meaning EXAMPLE Phrases or Sentences word Synonyms Antonyms Part of Speech Other formsPicture or Cartoon Prefix Root Suffix
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- 28. VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITIES (SSplay with words Activity)
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