This document defines and describes various building materials and components used in construction. It provides definitions for items like air barriers, attic ventilation components, backhoes, batter boards, brick bonds and arches, concrete joints, doors, electrical components, framing elements, insulation, plumbing fixtures, roofing materials, siding materials, steep roof components, stone masonry, vapor retarders, waterproofing, windows, and more. Each term is concisely defined or described.

1. Final Project BSCI 2300 Mark Jake Lamb Cameron Cobb

2. Air Barrier Paper Definition: Sheet material used on the exterior of a house to prevent air infiltration Function: It is preventing air from infiltrating the building and preventing the increase of air volume inside the building

3. Attic Ventilation (Soffit Vent) Soffit Vent Soffit Vents are needed to allow cool air to flow into the attic space while still keeping out insects

4. Attic Ventilation (Ridge Vent) Ridge Vent Ridge Vents at the peak of the roof discharge the air entering through soffit vents or frieze block vents, and allow airflow through the attic

5. Attic Ventilation (Gable Vent) Gable Vent Gable vents discharge the air from soffit vents or frieze block vents to create airflow through the attic

6. Attic Ventilation (Roof Turbine) Roof Turbine Roof Turbines have a fan that spins to suck hot air out of the attic space and discharge it, replacing gable or ridge vents

7. Backhoe Definition: Excavating equipment that consists of a digging bucket at the end of a two-part articulated arm, and is used for digging and dumping large amounts of dirt for various foundation and cut or fill projects Backhoes are used for excavation and the width of the bucket is 16”

8. Batter Boards Definition/Function: A temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation, they establish the position, shape, and size of the building on site Batter Boards

9. Brick Arches (Roman)

10. Brick Arches (Segmental)

11. Brick Arches (Keystone) Keystone

12. Brick Arches (Centering) Definition: Temporary formwork for an arch, dome, or vault

13. Brickworks Rowlock Soldier Salior Stretcher

14. Brick Bonds (Running) Rowlock Stretcher It is created by butting bricks end to end with joints that fall in the middle of the brick on the next row.

15. Brick Bonds (Flemish bond) Header Stretcher Flemish bonds feature rows of alternating stretcher and header bricks

16. Brick Sizes Utility Brick W x L x H 3 5/8 x 11 ½ x 3 5/8 Modular Brick W x L x H 3 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 2 ¼

17. Bulldozer Definition: A crawler equipped with a metal blade used to push large quantities of soil, sand, or rubble during construction work

18. Cladding (Brick)

19. Cladding (EIFS)

20. Cladding (Stone)

21. Cladding (Wood Boards) Wood Boards

22. Cladding (Wood Shingles) Wood Shingle-Wood shingle that is sawed smooth on each side

23. Code Requirements IBC Requirements: Tread 11” min. Riser 7.75” max Does not meet code because the tread doesn’t meet the minimum. Tread 9.75” Riser 7.25”

24. Code Requirements IBC Requirements: Width 20” min Height 24” min Area 5.7 sq ft The window meets code because the dimensions and areas exceed minimums. Width 32” Height 29” Sill Height AFF 10” Area 6.45 sq ft

25. Concrete Joints (Control Joint) Control Joints Definition: An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure

26. Concrete Joints (Isolated Joint) Isolated Joint Definition: A surface divider joint that provides space for the surface to expand

27. Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) Definition: A block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block. Typical dimensions: 7 5/8” x 7 5/8” x 15 5/8”. Three brick equals one CMU

28. Decorative Concrete Masonry Units Ribbed concert Split CMU

29. Doors (Flush Door)

30. Doors Transom Sidelight Panel Door Definition: A small window directly above a door Definition: A tall, narrow window alongside a door

31. Electrical Components (Power Pole with Transformer) Function: The power pole holds up power lines and contains the transformer, which is a device that changes the voltage of the alternating current. Function: Conducts electricity from outdoor lines to the meter base Service head

32. Electrical Components Meter Function: Measures the amount of electricity used by a certain unit for billing purposes

33. Electrical Components (Service Panel) Function: A central box of switches where the various branches of electrical wiring can be switched on or off for specific areas of a building

34. Electrical Components (Duplex Receptacle) Function: Serves as a receptacle where any two electric appliances or devices can be connected to the electrical wiring

35. Framing Elements 6 7 5 anchor bolt sill plate floor joist subflooring sole plate stud top plate stringer ceiling joist Rafter roof decking sheathing 12

36. Framing Elements 1 2

37. Framing Elements 11 10 9 8 4 3

38. Front End Loader Definition: It is a construction vehicle that is primarily used to load and transport materials onto or into another vehicle or place. It differs from a bulldozer in that it is used to pick up material rather than merely push it.

39. Gypsum Board Definition: An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces

40. Heat Pump (Compressor/evaporator) Compressor/evaporator The compressor/ condenser extracts heat from the cool air outside by moving the air across coils that change the temperature of the refrigerant

41. Heat Pump Advantage: Heat Pumps increase heating efficiency by a factor of 3 Disadvantage: Cooling ducts for heat pumps must be larger because of a larger volume of air

42. Heat Pump (Air Handling Unit) The Air Handling Unit contains filters, heating/cooling coils, and blowers to clean, regulate, and circulate the desired temperature throughout a house

43. Insulation (Batt/Blanket) The purpose of insulation is to to prevent the passage of heat from penetrating the wall of a house and keep the inside heat from escaping to the outside, while keeping the inhabitants comfortable and saving them money on energy costs

44. Insulation (Loose Fill)

45. Insulation (Foamed)

46. Insulation (Rigid Board) Rigid Board

47. Lintel Metal Lintel Definition: A beam that carries the load of wall across a window or door opening

48. Mortar This is a raked joint. It has been tooled and the mortar type is S, also the joint thickness is 3/8 of an inch.

49. Mortar This is a concave joint. It also has been tooled and has an S mortar type. The joint is 3/8 of an inch.

50. Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Definition: Nonveneered panel product composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure

51. Plumbing (Lavatory) 1 1/2” Piping used to drain

52. Plumbing (Water Closet) 3” Piping used to drain

53. Plumbing (Shower and Tub)

54. Plumbing (Plumbing Vent) Plumbing Vent The roof vent allows air to enter into the drainage and waste system to allow them to drain using the atmospheric pressure

55. Plumbing (Sink) Drop-in Sink

56. Plywood Plywood Definition: Wood panel composed of and odd number of layers of wood veneer (thin sheets of wood) bonded together under pressure

57. Radiant Barrier Definition: Reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy

58. Rebar Rebar 1/2” rebar #4 The deformations rolled into the surface of a rebar help it to bond tightly to concrete

59. Steep Roof Drainage (Gutter) Definition: A channel that collects snowmelt and rainwater at the eave of a roof and channels it to a downspout

60. Steep Roof Drainage (Downspout) Downspout Definition: A vertical pipe for conducting rainwater and snowmelt from the roof via the gutter and channeling it to the ground

61. Steep Roof Drainage (Splash Block) Splash Block Definition: Small pre-cast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout

62. Steep Roof Materials (Underlayment) Underlayment Definition: A layer of waterproof material such as building felt between roof sheathing and roofing to keep rainwater from leaking through the roof

63. Steep Roof Materials (Clay Tile Roof)

64. Steep Roof Materials (Shingle Roof) Definition: A small unit of water-resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion wit may other such units to render a wall or sloping roof watertight

65. Steep Roof Materials (Metal Panel)

66. Steep Roof Shapes (Gable)

67. Steep Roof Shapes (Gambrel)

68. Steep Roof Shapes (Hip)

69. Steep Roof Shapes (Mansard)

70. Steep Roof Terms Ridge Valley Rake Eave Fascia Soffit Definition: The horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof Definitions on next slide

71. Definitions for Steep Roof Terms Eave: The horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof Ridge: The level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof Valley: A trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes Rake: The sloping edge of a steep roof Soffit: The undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially the underside of a stair or a roof overhang Fascia: The exposed vertical face of an eave

72. Stone (Random Rubble) Random Rubble

73. Stone (Course Rubble) Course Rubble

74. Stone (Random Ashlar)

75. Stone (Coursed Ashlar)

76. Vapor Retarder Vapor Retarder Vapor retarder is intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly.

77. Waterproofing Waterproofing is applied to the outside of the foundation and is impervious to water and water accumulation

78. Weep Hole Weep Hole Definition: A small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component assembly

79. Welded Wire Fabric WWF 6”x6” grid A series of longitudinal and transverse wires of various gauges, arranged at right angles to each other and welded at all points of intersection; used for concrete slab reinforcement.

80. Windows The window above is a double-hung window, that is because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks. A hopper window is a single style window similar to a casement window in that they both are hinged for opening, rather than slide open. A hopper window is hinged on the bottom and opens inward from the top. Though a hopper window can come in a variety of sizes, the hopper window is a common style window in small areas and openings, such as basements and bathrooms.