Virtual private networks (VPNs) allow employees to securely access a company's network from remote locations using public networks like the Internet. VPNs use encryption, authentication, and tunneling protocols to create secure connections between devices. There are different types of VPN implementations including intranet, extranet, and remote access VPNs used by employees to connect to their company network. VPNs can be set up using hardware devices like routers, firewalls, or software installed on devices.

1. VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN)
Name = Aviansh nath
B.tech – 2 year ( I T )

2. Traditional Connectivity

3. 1. Virtual Private Network is a type of private network that
uses public telecommunication, such as the Internet,
instead of leased lines to communicate.
2. Became popular as more employees worked in remote
locations.
3. Terminologies to understand how VPNs work.
What is VPN?

4. Who uses VPN ?
 VPN’s can be found in homes, workplaces, or anywhere
else as long as an ISP (Internet Service Provider) is
available.
 VPN’s allow company employees who travel often or
who are outside their company headquarters to safely
and securely connect to their company’s Intranet

5. Private Networks
vs.
Virtual Private Networks
1. Employees can access the network (Intranet) from
remote locations.
2. Secured networks.
3. The Internet is used as the backbone for VPNs
4. Saves cost tremendously from reduction of equipment
and maintenance costs.
5. Scalability

6. Remote Access Virtual Private Network

7. 1. Two connections – one is made to the Internet and the
second is made to the VPN.
2. Datagrams – contains data, destination and source
information.
3. Firewalls – VPNs allow authorized users to pass through
the firewalls.
4. Protocols – protocols create the VPN tunnels.
Brief Overview of How it Works

8. 1. Authentication – validates that the data was sent
from the sender.
2. Access control – limiting unauthorized users from
accessing the network.
3. Confidentiality – preventing the data to be read or
copied as the data is being transported.
4. Data Integrity – ensuring that the data has not been
altered
Four Critical Functions

9. Encryption
Encryption -- is a method of “scrambling” data
before transmitting it onto the Internet.
Public Key Encryption Technique
Digital signature – for authentication

10. Tunneling
A virtual point-to-point connection
made through a public network. It transports
encapsulated datagrams.
Two types of end points:
 Remote Access
 Site-to-Site

12. In information technology, a protocol is the special set of rules that end points in a
telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols specify
interactions between the communicating entities.
Protocols exist at several levels in a telecommunication connection. For example, there
are protocols for the data interchange at the hardware device level and protocols for data
interchange at the application program level.
What is protocol ?
The TCP/IP Internet protocols, a common example, consist of:
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which uses a set of rules to
exchange messages with other Internet points at the information packet
level
• Internet Protocol (IP), which uses a set of rules to send and receive
messages at the Internet address level
• Additional protocols that include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
and File Transfer Protocol (FTP), each with defined sets of rules to use with
corresponding programs elsewhere on the Internet

13. Four Protocols used in VPN
PPTP -- Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
L2TP -- Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
IPsec -- Internet Protocol Security
SOCKS – is not used as much as the ones above

14. VPN Encapsulation of Packets

15. Types of Implementations
What does “implementation” mean in VPNs?
3 types
Intranet – Within an organization
Extranet – Outside an organization
Remote Access – Employee to Business

16. Device Types
• What it means
• 3 types
• Hardware
• Firewall
• Software

17. Device Types: Hardware
• Usually a VPN type of router
Pros
• Highest network
throughput
• Plug and Play
• Dual-purpose
Cons
• Cost
• Lack of flexibility

18. Device Types: Firewall
• More security.
Pros
• “Harden” Operating System
• Tri-purpose
• Cost-effective
Cons
• Still relatively costly

19. Device Types: Software
• Ideal for 2 end points not in same org.
• Great when different firewalls implemented
Pros
• Flexible
• Low relative cost
Cons
• Lack of efficiency
• More labor training
required
• Lower productivity;
higher labor costs