Virtual memory allows processes to execute even if they are larger than physical memory by storing portions of processes on disk. When a process attempts to access memory that is not currently loaded, a page fault occurs which brings the required page into memory from disk. This is known as demand paging and allows the operating system to efficiently load only those portions of a process needed for execution, reducing memory usage and improving performance compared to loading the entire process at once.
Virtual Memory
• Copy-on-Write
• Page Replacement
• Allocation of Frames
• Thrashing
• Operating-System Examples
Background
Page Table When Some PagesAre Not in Main Memory
Steps in Handling a Page Fault
Virtual Memory
• Copy-on-Write
• Page Replacement
• Allocation of Frames
• Thrashing
• Operating-System Examples
Background
Page Table When Some PagesAre Not in Main Memory
Steps in Handling a Page Fault
Swapping is the process of exchanging pages, segment of memory and values to another location and it also manipulates data files that are larger than the main memory. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Swapping:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/operating-system/memory-management/swapping/
n computer operating systems, demand paging is a method of virtual memory management. In a system that uses demand paging, the operating system copies a disk page into physical memory only if an attempt is made to access it and that page is not already in memory
This Presentation is for Memory Management in Operating System (OS). This Presentation describes the basic need for the Memory Management in our OS and its various Techniques like Swapping, Fragmentation, Paging and Segmentation.
The objectives of these slides are:
- To describe the benefits of a virtual memory system
- To explain the concepts of demand paging, page-replacement algorithms, and allocation of page frames
- To discuss the principle of the working-set model
Swapping is the process of exchanging pages, segment of memory and values to another location and it also manipulates data files that are larger than the main memory. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Swapping:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/operating-system/memory-management/swapping/
n computer operating systems, demand paging is a method of virtual memory management. In a system that uses demand paging, the operating system copies a disk page into physical memory only if an attempt is made to access it and that page is not already in memory
This Presentation is for Memory Management in Operating System (OS). This Presentation describes the basic need for the Memory Management in our OS and its various Techniques like Swapping, Fragmentation, Paging and Segmentation.
The objectives of these slides are:
- To describe the benefits of a virtual memory system
- To explain the concepts of demand paging, page-replacement algorithms, and allocation of page frames
- To discuss the principle of the working-set model
A demand-paging system is similar to a paging system, discussed earlier, with a little difference that it uses - swapping.
Processes reside on secondary memory (which is usually a disk).
When we want to execute a process, we swap it into memory.
Rather than swapping the entire process into memory, however, we use a lazy swapper, which swaps a page into memory only when that page is needed.
Since we are now viewing a process as a sequence of pages, rather than one large contiguous address space, the use of the term swap will not technically correct.
A swapper manipulates entire processes, whereas a pager is concerned with the individual pages of a process.
We shall thus use the term pager, rather than swapper, in connection with demand paging.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
2. WHAT IS VIRTUAL MEMORY???
Entire process in memory before it can be executed.
Virtual memory is a technique that allows execution
of the processes that are not completely in memory.
Program can be larger than physical memory.
Virtual memory – separation of user logical memory
from physical memory.
Memory storage limitation can be freed.
Virtual memory is not easy to implement.
3. BACKGROUND
Only part of the program needs to be in memory for
execution.
The need of instruction in physical memory to be
executed seems to be necessary & reasonable, but its
unfortunate.
The entire program is not needed.
Executing the program partially in memory has
benefits:
Program would no longer be constrained by the
amount of physical memory that is available.
If programs could take less physical memory, more
programs could be run at the same time.
5. Thus, running a program that is not entirely
in memory would benefit both the system and the
user.
Virtual memory can be implemented via:
• Demand paging
• Demand segmentation
8. In addition to separating logical memory from physical memory,
virtual memory also allows files and memory to be shared by
two or more processes through page sharing. This leads to the
following benefits:
System libraries can be shared by several processes through
mapping of the shared object into a virtual address space.
Virtual memory enables processes to share memory.
Virtual memory can allow pages to be shared during process
creation with the forkO system call, thus speeding up process
creation.
9. DEMAND PAGING
Consider how an executable program might be
loaded from disk to memory.
One option, load the entire program in physical
memory.
Ex: User selection program
Second approach, load the pages only as they
needed ( DEMAND PAGING).
A demand paging system is similar to the paging
system with swapping.
10. • Bring a page into memory only when it is needed
– Less I/O needed
– Less memory needed
– Faster response
– More users
• Page is needed reference to it
– invalid reference abort
– not-in-memory bring to memory
12. Valid-Invalid Bit
• With each page table entry a valid–invalid bit is associated
(1 in-memory, 0 not-in-memory)
• Initially valid–invalid bit is set to 0 on all entries
• Example of a page table snapshot:
Frame #
valid-invalid bit
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
page table
• During address translation, if valid–invalid bit in page table entry is
0 page fault
14. Page Fault
• What happens if the process tries to access a page and
that page was not brought into memory??????
• OS looks at another table to decide:
– Invalid reference abort.
– Just not in memory.
• Get empty frame.
• Swap page into frame.
• Reset tables, validation bit = 1.
• Restart instruction: Least Recently Used
– block move
– auto increment/decrement location
16. The hardware to support Demand paging:
Page Table
Secondary Memory
17. What happens if there is no free frame?
• Page replacement – find some page in
memory, but not really in use, swap it out
– algorithm
– performance – want an algorithm which
will result in minimum number of page
faults
• Same page may be brought into memory
several times
18. Performance of Demand Paging
• Page Fault Rate 0 p 1.0
– if p = 0 no page faults
– if p = 1, every reference is a fault
• Effective Access Time (EAT)
EAT = (1 – p) x memory access
+ p (page fault overhead
+ [swap page out ]
+ swap page in
+ restart overhead)
19. Demand Paging Example
If we take an average page-fault service time of
8 milliseconds and a memory-access time of 200
nanoseconds, then the effective access time in
nanoseconds is
20. Copy-on-Write
• Copy-on-Write (COW) allows both parent and
child processes to initially share the same pages
in memory
If either process modifies a shared page, only
then is the page copied
• COW allows more efficient process creation as
only modified pages are copied
• Free pages are allocated from a pool of zeroedout pages