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Viral enteritis in newborn ruminants (BVD- Rota-corona Virius) prof. Dr Hamed Attia
- 1. Intestinal Diseases in new born animals 3-Viral enteritis (C) Bovine viral Diarrhea ,Rota &Corona Virus in neonatal ruminants
- 2. ا . د عطية حامد الحيوان طب استاذ – البيطرى الطب كلية الزقازيق جامعة - مصر الخبربالرياض اوميجا بمؤسسة الفنى المستشار البيطرية لألدوية أمراض الوالدة حديثة المجترات فى االمعاء 2 - الفيروسية المعوية النزالت أ - والروتا البقرى االسهال فيروس والكورونا
- 4. Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) Bovine viral diarrhea is a viral disease of cattle and other ruminants that is caused by the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). مرض فيروسى يصيب الماشية ويتميز بالتهاب الفم التقرحى والتهاب معدى معو ى ، أجهاض وعيوب خلقية فى العجول . السبب : * عائله : الفيروسات الصفراء Flaviviridae
- 5. 1-Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) الحيوانات المصابة : االسهال البقري الفيروسي يصيب االبقار و الجاموس و االغ نام و الماعز والغزال و الخنازير . يعتبر االبقار و الجاموس هم اهم الحيوانات التي تتطور فيه ا الصورة االكلينيكية للمرض
- 6. 2-Rota virus Rotavirus is the most common viral cause of diarrhea in calves and lambs. Groups A and B rotavirus are involved. But group A is most prevalent and clinically important and contains several serotypes of differing virulence.
- 7. 3-Corona virus Corona virusis also commonly associated with diarrhea in calves. It replicates in the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract and in the enterocytes of the intestine, where it produces similar lesions to rotavirus but also infects the epithelial cells of the large intestine to produce atrophy of the colonic ridges. شعبية ونزلة معوية نزلة اعراض يسبب الفيروس
- 8. Incidence In a study conducted in Spain: Cryptosporidium species and rotavirus were the most commonly detected agents,with a prevalence of 52 per cent and 43 per cent, respectively (de la Fuente and others 1998). Cryptosporidium 52% Rota Virus 43%
- 9. Mortality rate French study: Reported a dairy calf mortality rate of 5.7% in heifers between three days and one month of age (Raboisson and others 2013).
- 10. Clinical signs of Bovine viral diarrhea (BVDV). • In calves: • Ataxia/ lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements; • Tremors • Failure to nurse • In severe cases the calf may die. • Diarrhea, calf pneumonia,
- 11. Clinical signs of Bovine viral diarrhea (BVDV). • In Cattle: • Fever. • lethargy. • loss of appetite. • Ocular dishcharge, nasal dischargem oral lesions. • Diarrhea and decreasing milk production.
- 12. Clinical signs of mucosal disease المخاطية األغشية داء • داء مميت غالبا ما يصيب الحيوانات مستديمة اإلصابة بفيروس اإلس هال الفيروسي ،البقري عند تعرضها لإلصابة بعترة أكثر ضراوة من نفس الفيروس . • يسبب داء اإلغشية المخاطية نخر ظهارةِب األغشية المخاطية لألنف والف م والجهاز الهضمي مسببة تقرحات باألغشية المخاطية للفم ،واألنف إسه ال ،حاد تسمم ،دموي ،حمى ،ضعف ،وهزال حتى ينفق الحيوان في خالل أيام ألسابيع من بداية أعراض اإلصابة .
- 13. Clinical signs of Rota virus • watery diarrhea and reluctance to eat or drink. • A pale yellow calf scour sometimes containing specks of blood; • Calves are weak and are slow to get up or fail to get up at all; • In severe cases, this can lead to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, sometimes resulting in death. • These symptoms generally persist for 2-4 days, with viral shedding continuing for 5-7 days.
- 14. Clinical signs of corona virus • Bovine coronaviruses cause respiratory and enteric diseases in cattle and other ruminants
- 15. التشخيص طرق
- 17. التشخيص طرق 1- History: الحالة تاريخ Clinical history of febrile illness accompanied by hemorrhagic enteritis and anorexia.
- 18. 2 - الحرارة درجة قياس • Normal High Nutritional diarrhea Parasitic • Cryptosporedia • Coccidia) Viral Rota Corona Bacterial Samonella E coli
- 19. التشخيص طرق تابع 3- Field test for detection of antigen)Stripes for detection of antigen of infectious causes Laboratory diagnosis is usually based on detection of the virus or virus antigens in faeces by direct electron microscopy or tests such as ELISA and IEOP
- 20. B-Stripes for detection of type of infectious cause
- 21. The kit is designed to detect Rotavirus, Coronavirus, ''E. coli'' F5 (K99), ''Cryptosporidium parvum‘’ in calf stool.
- 23. Rotavirus and Coronavirus, destroy the gut lining of the small intestine, reducing the digestive and absorptive capacity of the intestine and causing diarrhoea.
- 25. Post mortem of BVD in A calf Ulcers of the hard and soft palate from a calf with bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. (Reproduced by courtesy of Dr C.S. Patton, University of Tennessee) Ulcers of the oesophagus from a calf with bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. (Reproduced by courtesy of Dr C.S. Patton, University of Tennessee)
- 26. Post mortem of BVD in A calf Lesions of the abomasum from a calf with bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection. (Reproduced by courtesy of Dr C.S. Patton, University of Tennessee) Extensive ulcer of the small intestine from a calf with bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. (Kindly provided by Norden Laboratories, Lincoln, Nebraska)
- 27. Interstitial and fibrinous bronchopneumonia in a calf experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus and Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica Post mortem BVD
- 28. التفريقى التشخيص Rota& Corona Coccidia cryptosporidios is Salmonella 5-15 days >15 days 5-30 days >15 da Time Watery brown w. yellow Bloody or mucoid Yellow watery Yellow watery Diarrhea high normal normal high Temperature Antibiotic for secondry infections Sulfa &orolium Halicure& sulfa Antibiotic&sulfa Treatment
- 30. Treatment of BVD Is limited primarily to supportive therapy. Infected animals should be culled.
- 31. الوالدة حديثة المجترات فى المعدى االسهال مشكلة Hypersecretory. األمعاء فى االفرازات زيادة Inflammatory. األمعاء جدار التهاب Malabsorptive . األمعاء جدار عبر السوائل امتصاص فى ضعف These lead to loss of water and electrolytes: Hypovolemia. السوائل حجم فى نقص Acidemia. الدم فى حموضة Hypoglycemia. الدم فى السكر نقص Prerenal azotemia(elevations in BUN and creatinine levels . الكلي انزيمات فى زيادة
- 32. Main Line of Treatment للعالج العامة الخطوط 1-Fluid therapy( oral& systemic) 2-Antiacid. 3-Non steroidal anti-inflammatory 4- Steroidal anti-inflammatory (to treat septicemia). 5-Antispasmodic drugs 6-Antibiotic drugs.
- 33. 1-Fluid therapy Administering an oral electrolyte solution between milk feedings will assist with the management of dehydration and acidosis. More severely affected calves would require intravenous fluid therapy with alkalinizing agents (e.g., bicarbonate) and energy sources like dextrose.
- 34. 2-Antiacid الشديد الجفاف حالة فى ( من أعلى 8 )% عجل 40 كيلو : A hypertonic solution of sodium bicarbonate: R/500 mL of a 4.2% solution. or R/250 mL of an 8.4% solution). Followed by : R/ Saline sol (NaCL 0.9%) 40 mL/kg/hour until the volume deficit is corrected.
- 35. لمحلول تركيبة الجفاف معالجة الفم طريق عن تعطى
- 36. 4- Steroidal anti-inflammatory To treat septicemia. R/Dexamethasone
- 37. 5-Antispasmodic drugs The use of drugs to reduce intestinal motility such as hyoscine-N-butylbromide or atropine is sometimes advocated, because they decrease fecal output. R/Atropine
- 39. كوالى االى لعالج الحيوية المضادات افضل • R/Third-generation cephalosporins: • Ceftiofur • R/(2.2 mg/kg given intramuscularly [IM] • Every 12 h for at least 3 days.
- 40. عالية حرارة مع اسهال حالة لعالج روشته • R/Marbofloxacinv (2 mg/kg I/M) for 5 days • R/Meloxicam(one dose ) • (0.5 mg/kg bodyweight, intravenous or subcutaneous)
- 42. 8-Nutritional support R/ Dextrose 5% or 10% (to give them energy ). R/Probiotics R/Multivitamin
- 43. Control
- 44. األلبان مزارع فى االسهال من الوقاية أساسيات • The 3 main principles of diarrhea prevention in both beef and dairy cattle include: • (1) Vaccine in late gestation cattle ( Escherichia coli, rotavirus, and coronavirus;). • (2) A good colostrum program is in place ensuring adequate intake of immunoglobulins by the calf; • (3) Sanitation, hygiene, housing, and pasture management.
- 45. الوقاية أساسيات من البقري الفيروسي اإلسهال مرض • التعرف علي الحيوانات مستديمة اإلصابة و التخلص منها . • ومنع عدوى الحيوانات الغير مصابة بتحصينها باللقاحات . • رفع مستوى األمن البيولوجي عن طريق الفحص الدائم للقطيع .
- 47. 1-Vaccination of Rota & Corona This vaccination builds high antibody levels in the colostrum, but the calf must get colostrum in the first few hours of life for the vaccine to be effective.
- 50. Inactivated Bovine Rota, Corona Viruses and E-Coli Vaccine Protection of newly born calves against diarrhoea caused by Rota, Corona viruses and E-Coli IM 2 doses at least two weeks apart to pregnant cows, the second dose given 2-3 weeks before calving. 2 ml in pregnant cow or buffalo One year
- 51. Inactivated Bovine Rota, Corona Viruses and E-Coli Vaccine Protection of newly born calves against diarrhoea caused by Rota, Corona viruses and E-Coli 4 ml in pregnant cow or buffalo PACKAGE: bottles of 20, 40 and 100ml. IM 2 doses at least two weeks apart to pregnant cows, the second dose given 2-3 weeks before calving. One year
- 52. COMPOSITION: Each dose contains at least 106 TCID50 of each bovine Rota and Corona viruses and 6x1010 CFU of E - Coli k99 Pili. VACCINATION PROGRAMME: - Two I/M doses at least two weeks apart to pregnant cows, the second dose given 2- 3 weeks before calving. - Revaccination with a single third dose if cows have not calved within 40 days after receiving their last dose.
- 53. 2-Vaccination Of BVD Types of vaccine: 1-Modified live virus (MLV) vaccines: Only one dose during the initial immunization step, however they are more difficult to handle. 2- killed virus (KV) vaccines. KV vaccines are usually more expensive and more than one dose is required during immunization.
- 54. الميت اللقاح _ KILLED VIRUS VACCINE هذا لقاح ميت فاقد الضراوة وممكن يستخدم لوحده او مصاحبة مع مجموعة اخرى من الفيروسات مثل ( 1 BR_PI-3 _BRS) ومن مميزاته انه بيعطى للحوامل و للعجول الصغيرة . لكن من عيوبه انه ممكن يحدث حساسية مفرطة للحيوان تؤدي للموت وفي مصر يعطى عن طريق لقاح يسمى ( PNEUMO-3) او ( PNEUMO-4) بالنسبة للقاح PNEUMO-4 يحتوي على ( IBR_PI-3 _BVD _BR
- 55. Combined Inactivated Respiratory Virus Vaccine Cattle & buffalo 5 ml Sheep 3 ml PACKAGE: bottle 100 ml (20 doses). Protection of cattle, buffaloe & sheep against IBR, BVD, & PI- 3 diseases IM 6 m 2nd dose 2 weeks apart
- 56. PACKAGE: bottle of 100 ml (20 doses). Combined Inactivated Respiratory Virus Vaccine Cattle & buffalo 5 ml Sheep 3 ml Protection of cattle, buffaloe & sheep against IBR, BVD, PI- 3 & BRS diseases IM 6 m 2nd dose 2 weeks apart