This document outlines treatment guidelines for eye diseases in farm animals. The main lines of treatment include removing the causative agent, using topical or systemic antibiotics, and applying local steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops or ointment. Side effects of prolonged corticosteroid eye drop use include immunosuppression, worsening of corneal ulcers, and development of cataracts. Surgical intervention may be needed in some cases of eye tumors or other conditions.

1. 2-Line of Treatment of Eye Affections in Farm
Animals

2. ‫ا‬
.
‫د‬
‫عطية‬ ‫حامد‬
‫الحيوان‬ ‫طب‬ ‫استاذ‬
–
‫البيطرى‬ ‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬
‫الزقازيق‬ ‫جامعة‬
-
‫مصر‬
‫الخبربالرياض‬ ‫اوميجا‬ ‫بمؤسسة‬ ‫الفنى‬ ‫المستشار‬
‫البيطرية‬ ‫لألدوية‬
‫المزرعة‬ ‫حيوانات‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العين‬ ‫اصابات‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬

3. ‫فى‬ ‫العين‬ ‫اصابات‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬
‫المزرعة‬ ‫حيوانات‬

‫فى‬ ‫والقرنية‬ ‫الملتحمة‬ ‫التهاب‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫عالج‬
‫واألغنام‬ ‫االبقار‬
.

‫بالبالزما‬ ‫العالج‬
.

‫العين‬ ‫لعتامة‬ ‫يعالج‬ ‫بسيط‬ ‫جراحى‬ ‫عالج‬
(
‫جديد‬ ‫تجريبى‬ ‫بحث‬
.)

‫فى‬ ‫سرطانى‬ ‫ورم‬ ‫الزالة‬ ‫الجراحى‬ ‫العالج‬
‫السفلى‬ ‫الجفن‬
.

‫النحل‬ ‫عسل‬ ‫محلول‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫العالج‬
.

‫العين‬ ‫اصابات‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬
.

‫العين‬ ‫عتامة‬ ‫عالج‬ ‫اساسيات‬

‫والجف‬ ‫العين‬ ‫ملتحمة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الحقن‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫ن‬
‫العلوى‬
.

‫العين‬ ‫قرحة‬ ‫عالج‬
.

‫العين‬ ‫فطريات‬ ‫عدوى‬ ‫عالج‬
.

‫الدمعي‬ ‫األنفية‬ ‫القناة‬ ‫تسليك‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫ة‬
.

4. Main Causes of
Eye Diseases
‫المراض‬ ‫الرئيسية‬ ‫األسباب‬
‫العيون‬

5. 1- Non infectious causes
 Insect bites in the eye
 Ticks attached around the eyelid
 Foreign bodies in the eye
 Trauma
 Allergic ‫تحسسى‬
 Vitamin A deficiency
 ‫ة‬ّ
‫الطفيلي‬ ‫يدان‬ّ
‫الد‬
.
‫بجسم‬ ‫االصطدام‬ ‫أو‬ ‫موش‬ّ
‫الر‬ ‫اء‬‫و‬‫الت‬ ‫أو‬ ‫كالكدمة‬ ‫ة‬ّ
‫ميكانيكي‬ ‫إصابة‬
‫غريب‬
.
‫األسمدة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫باإلضافة‬ ،‫اليود‬‫و‬ ،‫القلويات‬‫و‬ ‫ونيا‬ّ
‫األم‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫ة‬ّ
‫كيميائي‬ ‫مادة‬
‫ة‬ّ
‫الكيميائي‬
...
‫الفيتامينات‬ ‫نقص‬
.

6. 2-Infectious causes
• Infectious diseases such as: ‫المعدية‬ ‫اض‬
‫ر‬‫االم‬
 Bacteria pink eye IBK(Moraxella)
 Mycoplasma –chlamydia- rickettsia
 Blood parasites (Theileria)
 Viral (pox- IBR- Malignant catarrhal fever))
 Fungal affection
 Eye worms

7. The most common
signs of Eye
Diseases
‫بالعين‬ ‫االصابة‬ ‫أعراض‬ ‫أهم‬

8. SIGNS OF OCULAR DISEASE
‫العيون‬ ‫الصابات‬ ‫عامة‬ ‫أعراض‬
The five major signs of eye disease are as follows:
Ocular or periocular asymmetry . ‫العين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التناسق‬ ‫عدم‬
‫والمصابة‬ ‫السليمة‬
 Ocular color change .‫اللون‬ ‫فى‬ ‫تغير‬
 Ocular discharge ‫وصديدية‬ ‫ومخاطية‬ ‫دعية‬ ‫افرازات‬ ‫نزول‬
 Ocular pain . ‫العين‬ ‫لمس‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الم‬ ‫وجود‬
 Visual deficits . ‫المصابة‬ ‫للعين‬ ‫الرؤية‬ ‫فى‬ ‫ضعف‬

9. ‫البيضاء‬ ‫والمياة‬ ‫القرنية‬ ‫عتامة‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التفريق‬ ‫كيفية‬
(
‫الع‬ ‫عتامة‬
‫دسة‬
)
Corneal opacity & Cataract
Slit Lamp
To Determine
Level of opacity
‫المصباح‬ ‫يسمى‬ ‫جهاز‬ ‫يوجد‬
‫الشقى‬
‫العتامة‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫يحدد‬

10. Differential
Diagnosis between
keratitis, corneal
scare and cataract

11. ‫البيض‬ ‫والمية‬ ‫القرنية‬ ‫التهاب‬ ‫من‬ ‫الناتجة‬ ‫العين‬ ‫عتامة‬ ‫بين‬ ‫تفرق‬ ‫كيف‬
‫ة‬
‫القرنية‬ ‫على‬ ‫ندبة‬ ‫وتكون‬

12. Main line of
Treatment Eye
Affections
‫اصابات‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬
‫العين‬

13. Eye Wash
Remove the worms by the hand
•Cleaning Solution (Boric Acid 4%)
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Astringent solution(Zinc Sulphate 0.5%)
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Saline solution

14. Types of eye drops
‫العين‬ ‫قطرات‬ ‫أنواع‬
Remove the worms by the hand
•Antihistaminic& ant-inflammatory eye drops
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Artificial tears drops ‫الصناعية‬ ‫الدموع‬
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Antibiotic eye drops ‫حيوي‬ ‫مضاد‬ ‫قطرات‬

15. Types of artificial eye drops
‫الصناعية‬ ‫الدموع‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫ألسماء‬ ‫أمثلة‬
Remove the worms by the hand
•Propylene glycol or glycerin
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Carboxymethylcellulose
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Dextran ‫ديكستران‬

16. Eye mydriatic and local anesthetic
‫العين‬ ‫لفحص‬ ‫تستخدم‬ ‫قطرات‬
Remove the worms by the hand
•Mydriatic as Atropine sulphate 1%
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•Local anesthetic eye drops:
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Example of local anesthetic:
•(AltaCaine-Proparacaine)

17. Main Line Of Treatment
‫العين‬ ‫التهابات‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬
Remove the worms by the hand
•Remove The cause
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Antibiotic Local &Systemic
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Local Steroidal Anti-inflammatory
1-
2-
3-

18. Main Line Of Treatment
Remove the worms by the hand
•Anti-fungal drugs
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Anti-parasitic drugs
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Surgical Interference
4-
5-
6-

19. 1- Remove the causative agent
‫للمرض‬ ‫المسبب‬ ‫ازالة‬
Remove the worms by the hand
•Remove foreign body
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Remove & Treat the parasite
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Remove the swelling

20. 2- Antibiotic
Remove the worms by the hand
•Local Antibiotic Eye Drops(Ex Teramycine)
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•Local Antibiotic Eye ointment.
(Oxytetracycline)
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Subconjunctival & systemic antibiotic

21. 3- Steroidal anti-inflammatory
Remove the worms by the hand
•Local dexamethasone Eye Drops
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•Local dexamethasone Eye ointment
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Subconjunctival dexamethasone
injection

22. 3- Side effects of Steroidal anti-
inflammatory (cortison)eye drops
Remove the worms by the hand
•Immunosuppression( Activate the bacteria)
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•In case of corneal ulcer (increase the ulcer &
can led to perforation
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Cataract
‫لمدة‬ ‫الكورتيزون‬ ‫قطرة‬ ‫تستخدم‬
4
‫اليوم‬ ‫وفى‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫ايام‬
4
‫مرات‬
(
‫كل‬
6
‫مرة‬ ‫ساعات‬
)

23. Main Line of
Treatment of
corneal opacity .
Corneal
opacity

24. Main Lines Of Treatment of Corneal
Opacity
1-(Antibiotic:
A-Topical( ex tetracycline 5% or 10%-
gentamycine).
2- Systemic antibiotic
Ex:
Oxytetracycline 20 %
Tulathromycin injection

25. Follow
2-subconjunctival injection of oxytetracycline
antibiotic (2-3ml of 5 or 10%).
Mixed with (steroids) 0.5-1ml dexamethasone) in
acute cases.
3-PRP(Plasma rich blood platelets) injection and
eye drops).

26. ‫فى‬ ‫الحقن‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫مضاد‬ ‫العلوى‬ ‫الجفن‬
‫التهاب‬ ‫ومضاد‬ ‫حيوى‬
‫وبالزما‬

27. ‫فيديو‬
‫فى‬ ‫الحقن‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫السفلى‬ ‫الجفن‬

28. ‫فيديو‬
‫فى‬ ‫الحقن‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫االبل‬

29. ‫فيديو‬
‫الجفن‬ ‫فى‬ ‫حقن‬
‫فى‬ ‫والعلوى‬ ‫السفلى‬
‫حصان‬

30. ‫فيديو‬
‫الجفن‬ ‫فى‬ ‫حقن‬
‫فى‬ ‫والعلوى‬ ‫السفلى‬
‫نعجة‬

31. ‫فيديو‬
‫الغشاء‬ ‫فى‬ ‫حقن‬
‫للصلبة‬ ‫المبطن‬

32. Main Line of
Treatment
infectious Bovine
Keratoconjuntivitis

36. ‫اخرى‬ ‫حيوية‬ ‫مضادات‬
 ceftiofur crystalline free acid (6.6 mg/kg,
SC, at the base of the ear)
 florfenicol (20 mg/kg, IM, two doses at a
2-day interval).

37. Main Line of
treatment of
parasites

38. A-Treatment of eye worm
(Thelazia rhodesii)
Remove the worms by the hand
Anthelmintic drug such as:
R/ Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under the skin
Or
R/ Ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg SC or I/M.


39. A-Treatment of eye worm
(Thelazia rhodesii)
Topical application of Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin.
Both are given as a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.

40. B-Main Line of Treatment of Theileria
(Bovine East Coast fever)
 1- Anti Theileria drug(Buparvaquone).
 2- treat the cornea.( as mentioned before)
 3- Hematinic
 4- Immuno-stimulant,

41. C-Main Line of Treatment of Trypanosoma in
cattle
 1- Trypansomicidal drug (quinapyramine-
cymelarsan).
 2- treat the cornea.( as mentioned before)
 3- Hematinic
 4- Immuno-stimulant.

42. Main Line of
treatment corneal
Ulcer

43. How to Treat Corneal Ulcers in
Livestock
A topical cream of antibiotics.
An antimicrobial topical solution can help limit the
risk of infection and speed up healing.
 The first goal is to reduce the inflammation, and
the secondary goal is to reduce pain
 ‫ال‬
‫العين‬ ‫قرحة‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الوورتيزون‬ ‫قطرات‬ ‫تستخدم‬

44. Main Line of
Treatment of
Fungal affection of
the eye

45. Fungal Keratitis
(corneal opacity+ ulcer )
and not respond to treatment with
antibiotic and and anti-inflammatory

46. Main Line of Treatment of Fungal
affection of the eye
Antifungal drugs(Local & systemic)
A topical cream of antibiotics,, an anti-
inflammatory, or a mydriatic.
The first goal is to reduce the inflammation, and the
secondary goal is to reduce pain
 ‫العين‬ ‫قرحة‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الوورتيزون‬ ‫قطرات‬ ‫التستخدم‬

47. Treatment of Fungal Keratitis in horse
Topical antifungal therapy usually needs to
continue for as long as 4 to 6 weeks.
Topical 1% itraconazole and 30% dimethyl
sulfoxide ointment is a treatment option for horses

49. ‫فيديو‬
Fungal
affection
‫نتيجة‬ ‫عتامة‬
‫االصابة‬
‫بفطريات‬
‫العين‬

50. ‫فيديو‬
‫فى‬ ‫ورم‬
‫القرنية‬

51. Natural honey for
treatment of eye
affections
‫العين‬ ‫التهابات‬ ‫عالج‬
‫النحل‬ ‫عسل‬ ‫محلول‬ ‫باستخدام‬
20
%

52.  Topically applied honey can reduce inflammation and
irritation in eye.
 It can also kill harmful bacteria that could be causing
an eye infection.
 Honey’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties,
combined with its soothing abilities, make it a
surprisingly effective treatment for several eye
conditions.
 ‫حيوى‬ ‫مضاد‬ ‫وأقوى‬ ‫التهاب‬ ‫مضاد‬ ‫العسل‬

53. 1-Keratoconjunctivitis IBK(pink eye)
2-Corneal ulcers
3-Bacterial conjunctivitis 4- Dry eye
5- Edema of conjunctiva
Indications

54.  Make solution 20 %
 20 gm honey in 100 ml normal saline
 4 times daily in diseased eye (eye drop)

‫الطريقة‬
:

‫اربع‬
‫مالعق‬
‫عسل‬
(
‫ملعقة‬
‫الشاى‬
)
‫تخلط‬
‫جيدا‬
‫فى‬
‫كوب‬
100
‫مل‬
‫بمحلول‬
‫ملحى‬
‫او‬
(
‫ماء‬
‫مغلى‬
‫ويترك‬
‫حتى‬
‫يبرد‬
)

‫يتم‬
‫التقطير‬
‫فى‬
‫العين‬
‫المصابة‬
3
-
4
‫مرات‬
‫يوميا‬
How can I use honey

55. Plasma Therapy of
Eye Diseases
‫العيون‬ ‫امراض‬ ‫عالج‬
‫الغنية‬ ‫البالزما‬ ‫باستخدام‬
‫الدموية‬ ‫بالصفائح‬

56. Plasma (PRP) therapy for eye affections
Remove the worms by the hand
•Local plasma Eye Drops
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•Subconjunctival PRP injection
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•
‫تحضر‬
‫البالزما‬
‫من‬
‫دم‬
‫الحيوان‬
‫المصاب‬
‫وتعطى‬
‫على‬
‫هيئة‬
‫ق‬
‫طرة‬
‫او‬
‫حقن‬
‫فى‬
‫الجفن‬
‫العلوى‬
‫او‬
‫فى‬
‫غشاء‬
‫الملتحمة‬

57. What is autologous plasma eye
drops?
 Autologous plasma eye drops are eye
drops which are produced from the
patients’ own blood.
 This is used to help treat corneal surface
defects, disease and alleviate dry eye
symptoms in patients who have not had
success from other available treatments.

58. What is autologous plasma eye
drops?
 The proteins found specifically in the
“plasma” or the patient’s blood are known
to heal the corneal surface and provide a
natural alternative to lubricating the eye.

59. Indications
 Platelet rich plasma is being used as an
alternative medicine in many other fields
of medicine and benefits ocular health as
well.

60.  animal was treated with subconjunctival
 application of autologous platelets rich
plasma (PRP). PRP
 was separated by double centrifugation
method.
 Ten ml blood was collected in vial
containing sodium citrate

61.  anticoagulant, 0.5 ml was kept for
platelets count and
 immediately centrifuged at 3000 rpm for
15 min. Plasma
 along with buffy coat, platelets

62.  superficial erythrocyte
 was transferred to another tube and again
centrifuged at
 3000 rpm for 15 min. Plasma containing
buffy coat and
 platelets i.e. PRP was isolated in another
tube.

63.  PRP was activated by adding 1 M calcium chloride.
 Platelet rich plasma was applied subconjunctival
immediately after isolation.
 The animal recovered fully within 7 days
 without using any antibiotic and analgesics.

64. ‫العين‬ ‫عصب‬ ‫تخدير‬ ‫طريقة‬

65. The auriculopalpebral nerve block in
cattle:
• Local anesthesia with 10 mL of 2%
lidocaine.
• using a 25-gauge needle
• Next to the auriculopalpebral nerve as
it crosses over the zygomatic arch.

66. ‫فيديو‬

67. ‫الجراحى‬ ‫العالج‬
1-Surgical removal
of granuloma
palpebral in cow
‫بالملتحمة‬ ‫سرطانى‬ ‫ورم‬ ‫ازالة‬

68. 1
-

69. 2
-

70. ‫تجريبى‬ ‫بحث‬
‫الجراحى‬ ‫العالج‬
2-Surgical removal of a part
of Third eye for treatment on
corneal opacity in camel
calves ‫الثالث‬ ‫الجفن‬ ‫من‬ ‫جزء‬ ‫ازالة‬
‫الحيران‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العين‬ ‫عتامة‬ ‫لعالج‬
(
‫صغار‬
‫االبل‬
)

71. ‫تجريبى‬ ‫بحث‬
‫العمى‬ ‫عالج‬
(
‫الماغنيسيوم‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫نتيجة‬
)
‫فى‬
‫الماغسيوم‬ ‫بحقن‬ ‫االغنام‬ ‫من‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫بعض‬
‫الكالسيوم‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الوريد‬ ‫وفى‬ ‫الجلد‬ ‫تحت‬

72. ‫حقلية‬ ‫تجربة‬

‫في‬
‫اغنام‬
‫الرعي‬
‫خاصة‬
‫التي‬
‫التتغذي‬
‫علي‬
‫الحبوب‬

‫أنا‬
‫عالجت‬
‫حاالت‬
‫نقص‬
‫ماغنسيوم‬
‫كان‬
‫بيظهر‬
‫عليها‬
‫عمى‬
‫والعين‬
‫سليمه‬
‫ظاهريا‬
‫ليس‬
‫بها‬
‫اي‬
‫التهابات‬
‫وكان‬
‫تركيزي‬
‫في‬
‫العالج‬
‫علي‬
‫الماغنسيوم‬
‫باستخدام‬
:

cal Bor mag
‫حقن‬
‫تحت‬
‫الجلد‬
‫مع‬
‫ماغنسيوم‬
‫سلفات‬
‫علي‬
‫العليقه‬
‫وكانت‬
‫الحاله‬
‫بتعود‬
‫لطبيعتها‬
‫خالل‬
1
-
2
‫اسبوع‬
.

73. Flushing of
nasolacrimal duct
in horse

74. Any
Question?