8. Theileriosis in Animals
• Theilerioses are a group of tickborne diseases caused by
protozoan parasites of the Theileria genus.
• A large number of Theileria spp are found in domestic and
wild ungulates in tropical and subtropical regions of the
world.
•
الثيليريوسيز
هي
مجموعة
من
األمراض
المنقولة
بالقراد
التي
تسببها
طفيليات
أوالي
من
جنس
الثيليرية
.
•
تم
العثور
على
عدد
كبير
من
Theileria spp
في
ذوات
الحوافر
المنزلية
والبرية
في
المناطق
االستوائية
وشبه
االستوائية
من
العالم
.
18. Pathogenesis
• Pathogenesis depends on:
• :The production of schizonts in lymphocytes and
piroplasms in erythrocytes.
• The severity of infection depends upon virulence of the
causative strain.
• the quantum of infection
•
تعتمد
اإلمراضية
على
:
•
:
إنتاج
شيزونتس
في
الخاليا
الليمفاوية
والبيروبالزم
في
كريات
الدم
الحمراء
.
•
شدة
العدوى
تعتمد
على
ضراوة
الساللة
المسببه
•
كمية
العدوى
19. Pathogenesis
• the susceptibility status
• age and health of the host
• The parasite replicates in both lymphocytes and
erythrocytes causing severe lymphocytopenia, anaemia
and jaundice.
•
للمرض الحساسة الحيوانات حالة
(
للمرض حساسية اكثر االجنبية السالالت
)
•
الحيوان وصحة عمر
(
خطورة اكثر الصغيرة االعمار فى المرض
)
•
ااف اببايتس ااامم اراءاالحم ادماال اااوخالي اةاالليمفاوي اااالخالي انام الاك اياف الاالطفي ااثرايتك
اةاقل ي
واليرقان الدم وفقر الشديدة اللمفاويات
22. Clinical signs
• Fever
• Enlarged LN
• Anorexia develops, and the animal rapidly loses condition
• Lacrimation and nasal discharge may occur.
• Terminally, dyspnea is common.
• Just before death, a sharp decrease in body temperature is
usual.
• Pulmonary exudate pours from the nostrils.
• Death usually occurs 18–24 days after infection.
33. التشريحية الصفة
• Generalized lymph node enlargement and massive
pulmonary edema and hyperemia.
• Hemorrhages are common on the serosal and mucosal
surfaces of many organs, sometimes together with
obvious areas of necrosis in the lymph nodes and thymus.
• Necrotic ulcer in abomasum
•
تضخم
عام
في
العقدة
الليمفاوية
ووذمة
رئوية
ضخمة
واحتقان
ااالعضاء
الداخلية
ب
الدم
.
•
النزيف
شائع
على
األسطح
المصلية
والمخاطية
للعديد
من
األعضاء
.
•
نخر
واضحة
في
المعدة
الرابعة
والغدد
الليمفاوية
والغدة
الصعترية
.
36. Ovine and Caprine Theilerioses
• Theileria lestoquardi causes a disease in sheep and goats
similar to that produced in cattle by T annulata, with which
it is closely related.
• T lestoquardi is transmitted by ticks of the genus
Hyalomma and has a similar geographical distribution to
that of T annulata.
37. واألغنام الماعز فى الثايلريا أعراض
• High fever
• Severe anemia
• Superficial enlargement of lymph nodes.
• Abortion in pregnant animals with heavy tick infestation
were noticed in clinically infected goats
• Mortality can approach 100%.
• Schizonts can readily be demonstrated in Giemsa-stained
smears of needle biopsies from swollen superficial lymph
nodes.
40. EquineTheilerioses
• Babesia equi was reclassified as T equi in 1998, based on
DNA analysis and the finding that the parasite develops in
leukocytes before infection of erythrocytes.
• Infection is often asymptomatic but can result in outbreaks
of disease characterized by fever, anemia, and lethargy,
leading to death of some animals.
•
تم
إعادة
تصنيف
Babesia equi
إلى
T equi
في
عام
1998
،
ًءبنا
على
تحليل
الحمض
النووي
واكتشاف
أن
الطفيل
يتطور
في
الكريات
البيض
قبل
إصابة
كري
ات
الدم
الحمراء
.
•
تتميز
بالحمى
وفقر
الدم
والخمول
،
مما
يؤدي
إلى
موت
بعض
الحيوانات
.
46. Blood film from infected camel shows
intraerythrocytic pleomorphic thelleria
piroplasms
Blood film from infested
camels stained by gemsa stain
showing schizont of Theileria
in lymhocytes
48. Diagnosis
• 1-Clinical signs .
• 2-Microscopic examination :
• Giemsa-stained for the presence of schizonts in infected
leukocytes.
• The intra-erythrocytic piroplasm stages are also readily
detected in stained blood smears.
• Detection of parasites in lymph node aspirates.
• 3-Definitive diagnosis :
• antigen-specific ELISAs or PCR on lymph node aspirates.
54. Main line of treatment of Theileriosis
• 1- Anti-theilleria drug
• 2-Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• 3- long acting oxytetracycline
• 4- Diuretic in case of pulmonary edema is suspected
• 5- Blood transfusion in sever anemic cases
• 6-Hematinic including vitamins and minerals in less sever.
• 7-Immuno-stimulant drugs
57. Injection containing 150mg/ml parvaquone,
which is used for the treatment of Theileriosis
in cattle. الدواء من االول الجيل
الثايلريا لعالج تستخدم التى لالدوية أمثلة
60. • Only to be Injected by deep intramuscular injection الدواء من الثانى الجيل
• Cattle: 1 ml of per 20 kg . wt., (Equivalent to 2.5 mg buparvaquone per kg b.
wt.).
• In severe cases another injection with same dose is needed after 2-3 days of
the first injection.
• Divide the dose so you do not administer more than 10 ml into each injection
الجل تحت او الوريد فى واليعطى فقط العضل فى حقن
د
افيكوي
ن بوبارفيك
ون
62. البوبارفاكون مادة خواص
(
الثانى الجيل
)
• 1. Is acting fast (reach blood serum activity 3 h after
injection)
• 2. Active against Schizont & Piroplasm
• 3. Effective during incubation period
• 4. Full return to productivity
• 5. Economical choice
• 6. Can be used with other antiprotozoal as Imizol to treat
mixed infections