1) Salmonellosis in neonatal ruminants is caused by Salmonella bacteria, which can cause enterocolitis, septicemia, or pneumonia.
2) Clinical signs include diarrhea that may contain blood or mucus, fever, depression, and abortion in cattle.
3) Diagnosis involves history, clinical signs, isolating the bacteria from feces or tissues, and post-mortem examination showing enteritis, pneumonia, or enlarged organs.
Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by potent protein neurotoxins elaborated by clostridium botulinum.
Botulism is characterized by symmetrical, descending, flaccid paralysis of motor and autonomic nerves usually beginning with cranial nerves
A Community Based Presentation, Brilliantly Composed and Animated. Downloader will surely love it
By the Students Of KIMS, Kohat
Presented By:- M. Shabir & Aman Ullah
Prepared By:- Mian Saad Ahmed
Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by potent protein neurotoxins elaborated by clostridium botulinum.
Botulism is characterized by symmetrical, descending, flaccid paralysis of motor and autonomic nerves usually beginning with cranial nerves
A Community Based Presentation, Brilliantly Composed and Animated. Downloader will surely love it
By the Students Of KIMS, Kohat
Presented By:- M. Shabir & Aman Ullah
Prepared By:- Mian Saad Ahmed
A slideshow covering the most common broiler pathological syndromes and internal parasites affecting broiler chickens. Presented at the Aviagen School 2012 by Dr. Rafael Monleon
Contact me in LinkedIn for any question: www.linkedin.com/rafaelmonleon
Typhoid fever in children group presentation-Crystal Keiwaga
Done by year 2 Rural Health Students at Divine Word University
Bryan. Pulayasi, Jemina. Hetuka, Yvette. Dunstan, Gabriella. Kinaram, Jubilee. Paru, Francis. Epieli, Natalie. Apaya and Crystal Keiwaga
Presentation at 3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015
The One Health Approach for Communicable Diseases
Nicola A WARDROP,University of Southampton,United Kingdom
typhoid fever caused by salmonella typhi, enteric fever, salmonella typhus, clinical features of typhoid, lab diagnosis and investigations, widal test, treatment 3rd generation cephalosporins, prevention, immunization, complication, rose spots, transmission of typhoid, pathogenesis, etiology of typhoid fever, examination of typhoid, typhoid according to chugh medicine, images from google
Dr. Kent Schwartz - Understanding RotavirusJohn Blue
Understanding Rotavirus - Dr. Kent Schwartz, Iowa State University, from the 2016 Power Of The Past, Force Of The Future Customer Appreciation event, August 16, 2016, hosted by Rensselaer Swine Services and Bethany Swine Health Services, Jasper Country Fairgrounds, IN, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-power-of-past-force-of-future-customer-appreciation
A slideshow covering the most common broiler pathological syndromes and internal parasites affecting broiler chickens. Presented at the Aviagen School 2012 by Dr. Rafael Monleon
Contact me in LinkedIn for any question: www.linkedin.com/rafaelmonleon
Typhoid fever in children group presentation-Crystal Keiwaga
Done by year 2 Rural Health Students at Divine Word University
Bryan. Pulayasi, Jemina. Hetuka, Yvette. Dunstan, Gabriella. Kinaram, Jubilee. Paru, Francis. Epieli, Natalie. Apaya and Crystal Keiwaga
Presentation at 3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015
The One Health Approach for Communicable Diseases
Nicola A WARDROP,University of Southampton,United Kingdom
typhoid fever caused by salmonella typhi, enteric fever, salmonella typhus, clinical features of typhoid, lab diagnosis and investigations, widal test, treatment 3rd generation cephalosporins, prevention, immunization, complication, rose spots, transmission of typhoid, pathogenesis, etiology of typhoid fever, examination of typhoid, typhoid according to chugh medicine, images from google
Dr. Kent Schwartz - Understanding RotavirusJohn Blue
Understanding Rotavirus - Dr. Kent Schwartz, Iowa State University, from the 2016 Power Of The Past, Force Of The Future Customer Appreciation event, August 16, 2016, hosted by Rensselaer Swine Services and Bethany Swine Health Services, Jasper Country Fairgrounds, IN, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-power-of-past-force-of-future-customer-appreciation
Helicobacter & campylobacter lec.11 dr.ihsan alsaimarydr.Ihsan alsaimary
prof . dr. ihsan edan alsaimary
department of microbiology - college of medicine - university of basrah - basrah -IRAQ
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
00964 7801410838
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
8. I-Infectious diarrhea Calf Ages
A-Bacterial Causes:
E. coli <5 da
C. perfringens B, C 5-30 da
Salmonella >15 da
1-Infectious calf diarrhea
المعدى االسهال
11. السالمونيال مرض اسباب
• Salmonella is a genus of gram-negative, facultative
anaerobic bacteria that belong to the family of
Enterobacteriaceae.
• There are 2 recognized species within the genus:
• S .Dublin
• S .Enterica
•
16. بالسالمونيال االصابة ووقت االنتقال طرق
• Salmonella Dublin infection is increasingly common
during the late nursing and postweaning period.
• Salmonella infection is most commonly transmitted
by fecal–oral contamination
• from other livestock,
• Rodents
• birds.
17. Pathogenesis
المرض سير خط
• Salmonella invade the intestinal mucosa, multiply within
the lymphoid tissues, and to evade host defense
mechanisms. الليمفاوية االنسجة فى ويتضاعف االمعاء جدار يخترق الميكروب
• Enterocolitis is due to inflammation with subsequent
maldigestion and malabsorption, and to a lesser extent
from secretory mechanisms.
• Inflammation in the colon leads to the commonly observed
fresh blood in the feces of both adults and calves.
19. اآلتية العوامل على االعراض شدة يتوقف
• The strain of bacteria. العترة نوع
• The immune resistance of the animal infected.
• الحالة
المناعية
للحيوان
• The amount of bacteria taken in.
• كمية
البكتريا
التى
اصيب
بها
الحيوان
•
20. االعراض
1-Septicemic Form:
• This is the characteristic form of the disease in newborn
calves, up to 4 months old.
• Profound depression.
• Dullness.
• prostration.
• high fever (40.5-42°C).
• Death within 24-48 hours.
Septicemia, or sepsis
• is the clinical name for blood
poisoning by bacteria.
• It is the body's most extreme
response to an infection.
• Sepsis that progresses to
septic shock has a death rate
as high as 50%, depending on
the type of organism involved.
21. االعراض
2- Acute entritis.
• Animals look ‘tucked up’ and miserable, may kick at the
belly, and grind their teeth. الحيوانات تبدو
"
مطوية
"
ترفس وقد ، وبائسة
•
أسنانها وتطحن بطنها
.
• fever
• marked dehydration
• Pneumonia
• Respiratory distress (e.g., elevated respiratory rate,
coughing, etc.)
• Arthritis and foci of osteomyelitis
22. االسهال طبيعة
• The diarrhea is watery and may contain blood or mucus.
The diarrhea has a putrid smell that may be suggestive of
salmonellosis.
• Death can occur within a few hours in per acute cases,
and these animals may die before developing diarrhea or
other severe clinical signs.
•
االسهال
مائى
مدمم
او
يحتوى
على
مخاط
•
االسهال
له
رائحة
كريهه
•
يحدث
نفوق
للعجل
بعد
ساعات
قليلة
فى
الحاالت
الحادة
•
23. العشار االبقار فى االجهاض
• 2) Salmonella induced abortion :
• Salmonella dublin infection. دبلن سالمونيال الميكروب
• Abortion usually occurs in the last third of pregnancy.
• االجهاض
يكون
غالبا
فى
الثلث
األخير
الحمل من
• Abortion is often associated with retention of the foetal
membranes. االجهاض بعد للمشيمة احتباس يحدث دائما
30. التشخيص طرق تابع
3-Antibody testing :
Serologic tests to identify specific antibodies in serum or
milk .
4-Isolation of the organism from:
diarrhea, aborted foetus - uterine discharge- organs after
PM
5- (PCR) techniques
6-PM
31. الحادة الحاالت فى التشريحية الصفة
1-Mucoenteritis to diffuse haemorrhagic enteritis
2-Severe necrotic enteritis of ileum and large intestine
caused by S. typhimurium
3-Abomasitis in S. dublin infection
4-Enlarged, edematous and haemorrhagic lymph nodes
5-Thickened inflamed gall bladder wall
6-Fatty change of the enlarged liver
7-Subserous and epicardial haemorrhage
32.
33. الحاالت فى التشريحية الصفة
المزمنة
1-Areas of necrosis in the wall of caecum and colon
2-Swollen mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen
3-Chronic pneumonia
35. أعراض بدون النفوق حالة فى
• Salmonella should be included in the list
of differential diagnoses.
• Thus requiring samples of liver, spleen,
lung, and intestine for complementary
laboratory diagnostic tests.
40. Main Line of Treatment
للعالج العامة الخطوط
Fluid therapy( oral& systemic)
Antiacid.
Antibiotic drugs.
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory
41. 1-Fluid therapy
Administering an oral electrolyte solution between
milk feedings will assist with the management of
dehydration and acidosis.
More severely affected calves would require
intravenous fluid therapy with alkalinizing agents
(e.g., bicarbonate) and energy sources like
dextrose.
45. السالمونيال لعالج الحيوية المضادات افضل
• R/Third-generation cephalosporins:
• Ceftiofur
• R/(2.2 mg/kg given intramuscularly [IM]
• Every 12 h for at least 3 days.
49. الوقاية طرق
The treatment response to all Salmonella
infections is generally poor and
prevention is much better than treatment.
50. األلبان مزارع فى االسهال من الوقاية أساسيات
• The 3 main principles of diarrhea prevention in both beef
and dairy cattle include:
• (1) Vaccine in late gestation cattle ( Escherichia coli,
rotavirus, and coronavirus;).
• (2) A good colostrum program is in place ensuring
adequate intake of immunoglobulins by the calf;
• (3) Sanitation, hygiene, housing, and pasture management.
51. In an outbreak of salmonellosis
مزرعة فى وباء حدوث حالة فى
• Infected animals should be identified and either culled or
isolated. عزل
الحاالت
المصابة
او
التخلص
منها
• Vigorous treatment is required in animals showing signs of
systemic disease. عالج
الحاالت
المريضة
• Treated animals must be rechecked several times to
confirm they are not carriers.
• التأكد
من
الحاالت
التى
تم
عالجها
انها
غير
حاملة
للميكروب
52. الوقاية طرق
The control measures for salmonellosis are based on
sanitation and management.
Individual calf hutches or pens provide adequate
isolation if sufficient spacing and good sanitation are
maintained.
55. Vacination
The Salmonella vaccines presently available provide
limited protection; however, live vaccines made from
auxotrophic strains of Salmonella appear to be more
efficacious.
عمل
لقاحات
من
العترات
المعزولة
محليا
فى
االماكن
المصابة
يعطى
نتائج
أفضل
فى
الوقاية
.