The document provides a comprehensive overview of Wikipedia's evolution as a major online encyclopedia that enables collaborative editing and curation of knowledge. It discusses the integration of linked open data through projects like Wikidata and WikiCite, emphasizing their roles in supporting scientific research and enhancing citation practices. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of bias and coverage while highlighting the potential for distributed fact-checking and new forms of knowledge discovery.

1. Verifiable, Linked Open Knowledge
That Anyone can Edit
Dario Taraborelli
@readermeter

2. A short history of Wikipedia
A website that anyone can edit
The largest reference work on the internet
A multi-language online encyclopedia

3. A short history of Wikipedia
A website that anyone can edit
The largest reference work on the internet
A multi-language online encyclopedia

4. A short history of Wikipedia
A website that anyone can edit
The largest reference work on the internet
A multi-language online encyclopedia

5. Wikipedia: unintended outcomes
accelerate the dissemination of scholarship
support open scientific research
enable distributed fact-checking and curation of scientific knowledge

6. accelerate the dissemination of scholarship
support open scientific research
enable distributed fact-checking and curation of scientific knowledge

7. Wikipedia: unintended outcomes
accelerate the dissemination of scholarship
support open scientific research
enable distributed fact-checking and curation of scientific knowledge

8. Outline
1. Wikipedia as the front matter to all research
2. A new kind of open knowledge
3. Wikidata: Collaboratively curated linked open data
4. WikiCite: Building the sum of all human citations
5. Applications
6. Concluding remarks

9. Wikipedia as the front matter to all research

10. “Wikipedia is not the bottom
layer of authority, nor the top,
but in fact the highest layer
without formal vetting. In this
unique role, it serves as an
ideal bridge between the
validated and unvalidated
Web.”
Casper Grathwohl
Chronicle of Higher Education
http://chronicle.com/article/article-content/125899/

11. Top sources of DOI resolutions
http://crosstech.crossref.org/2014/02/many-metrics-such-data-wow.html
http://blog.crossref.org/2016/05/https-and-wikipedia.html

12. The world’s most accessed online medical resource?
Heilman and West (2015) doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4069

13. Most visited resource on Ebola in West Africa
Heilman (2016) http://tinyurl.com/jfuyduv
Most used internet site in Liberia,
Sierra Leone and Guinea for
Ebola during 2014 outbreak
Greater than CNN, CDC and WHO

14. A new kind of open knowledge

15. The backbone of the linked open data ecosystem
Schmachtenberg et al
(2014)
http://lod-cloud.net [CC BY SA]

16. Challenges
Biases / errors
Coverage
Diversity and inclusiveness
Verifiability

17. Machine-readable linked open data
Editable by anyone
Supporting human + algorithmic curation
Comprehensive
Transparently verifiable

18. Machine-readable linked open data
Editable by anyone
Supporting human + algorithmic curation
Comprehensive
Transparently verifiable

19. Machine-readable linked open data
Editable by anyone
Supporting human + algorithmic curation
Comprehensive
Transparently verifiable

20. Wikidata
Collaboratively curated linked open data

21. Wikidata
Free knowledge base that anyone can edit
Launched in 2012
Integrated with Wikipedia and other sister
projects
Statistics (Aug 2016)
Nearly 20M items
Over 100M statements

22. Wikidata:
Growth
http://reportcard.wmflabs.org/graphs/active_editors
English Wikipedia
Wikidata

23. Wikidata:
Growth
http://reportcard.wmflabs.org/graphs/very_active_editors
English Wikipedia
Wikidata

24. Wikidata’s anatomy
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Introduction

25. Wikidata’s anatomy
Linked data, San Francisco, Jeblad
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Linked_Data_-_San_Francisco.svg [CC BY SA]

26. SPARQL:
http://tinyurl.com/zelqrwp
Paintings
by
Gustav Klimt
Wikidata
query
examples

27. SPARQL:
https://t.co/cDR4Lt7V6P
Birth place of people
employed by MIT

28. SPARQL:
http://tinyurl.com/h5x5q4q
Children of Genghis Khan

29. Expert curation of scientific open data
Benjamin Good (2016) Opportunities and challenges
presented by Wikidata in the context of
biocuration
http://tinyurl.com/hk9qrmz

30. Expert curation of scientific open data
Gene Wiki: WIkidata SPARQL examples
https://bitbucket.org/sulab/wikidatasparqlexamples/overview
Get a list of all diseases treated by Metformin
Get all the gene ontology evidence codes used in Wikidata
Get all known drug-drug interactions for Methadone via its CHEMBL id

31. WikiCite
Building the sum of all human citations
Randall Munroe, Wikipedian protester http://tinyurl.com/p3rodlb [CC BY]

32. the disappearance of provenance
http://bit.ly/SumOfAllCitations

33. the disappearance of provenance

34. the disappearance of provenance
http://wapo.st/1Y5Smm6

36. Linking is a small act of generosity that sends people away from
your site to some other that you think shows the world in a way
worth considering. [...]
[Sources] that are not generous with linking [...] are a stopping
point in the ecology of information. That’s the operational
definition of authority: The last place you visit when you’re
looking for an answer. If you are satisfied with the answer, you
stop your pursuit of it. Take the links out and you think you look
like more of an authority.
D. Weinberger (2012) Linking is a public good
http://www.hyperorg.com/blogger/2012/02/26/2b2k-linking-is-a-public-good/

38. a provenance-preserving answer engine

39. a provenance-preserving answer engine
The sum of all human
knowledge
The sum of all data and
sources backing human
knowledge
+

40. https://twitter.com/egonwillighagen/status/718474906858582016

41. Benjamin Good (2016) Opportunities and challenges presented by Wikidata in the context of
biocuration
http://tinyurl.com/hk9qrmz

42. https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-todo/stats.php
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:WikiProject_Source_MetaData#Sources_used_as_references_on
_Wikidata
77%
2013 2014 2015 2016
References in Wikidata

43. The molecular origins of insulin go at least as far back as
the simplest unicellular [[eukaryotes]].<ref
name='LeRoith'>{{cite journal | vauthors = LeRoith D, Shiloach
J, Heffron R, Rubinovitz C, Tanenbaum R, Roth J | title =
Insulin-related material in microbes: similarities and
differences from mammalian insulins | journal = Can. J.
Biochem. Cell Biol. | volume = 63 | issue = 8 | pages = 839–49
| year = 1985 | pmid = 3933801 | doi = 10.1139/o85-106
}}</ref> Apart from animals, insulin-like proteins are also
known to exist in Fungi and Protista kingdoms.
References in Wikipedia

45. Wikicite: goals
Lay the foundations for building a repository of all Wikimedia
citations and source metadata as structured data
Design data models and technology to improve the coverage,
quality, standards-compliance and machine-readability of
citations and source metadata in Wikimedia projects
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCite_2016

46. Wikidata as the solution
Vision
Technology
Community
Scale
Licensing
Independence

47. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCite_2016

48. https://tools.wmflabs.org/sqid/#/view?id=P2860
cites property now used in 350,000+ statements

49. https://twitter.com/harej/status/765336072997842944

50. The Zika corpus
Open citation graph layer
Bibliographic metadata layer
Expert annotation layer
Encyclopedic layer

51. The Zika corpus
Encyclopedic layer

52. The Zika corpus
Expert annotation layer
Encyclopedic layer

53. The Zika corpus
Bibliographic metadata layer
Expert annotation layer
Encyclopedic layer

54. The Zika corpus
Open citation graph layer
Bibliographic metadata layer
Expert annotation layer
Encyclopedic layer

55. Applications

56. Co-author graphs for individual researchers
SPARQL: http://tinyurl.com/zml3jox

57. Most cited authors in the research corpus on Zika
SPARQL: http://tinyurl.com/jb8da68

58. Semi-automated recommendation of missing statements or sources for unsourced
statements
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Primary_sources_tool
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IEG/StrepHit:_Wikidata_Statements_Validation_via_References

59. Tools for crowdsourcing entity matching / disambiguation
http://www.generalist.org.uk/blog/2014/wikidata-identifiers-and-the-odnb-where-next/
http://www.generalist.org.uk/blog/2014/wikidata-and-identifiers-part-2-the-matching-process/

60. all statements citing a New York Times article
the most popular scholarly journals used as citations for statements in any item that
is a subclass of economics
all statements citing the works of Joseph Stiglitz
all statements citing journal articles by physicists from Oxford University
all statements citing a journal article that was retracted
all statements citing a source that cites a journal article that was retracted
New opportunities for linked open knowledge curation and discovery
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCite_2016/Report/Group_5

61. Concluding remarks

62. Liberate public domain bibliographic and citation data
Support new forms of open curation and distributed fact-checking
Accelerate open scientific research
Verifiable, Linked Open Knowledge
That Anyone can Edit

63. meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCite • @wikicite

64. Thank you
Acknowledgments
Daniel Mietchen, Jonathan Dugan, Lydia Pintscher, Cameron Neylon, James Hare, James Heilman,
Magnus Manske, the Gene Wiki team (especially Andra Waagmeester and Benjamin Good), the
University of Chicago Knowledge Lab, all WikiCite 2016 participants and Wikidata Source Metadata
project contributors.
Additional image credits
Printing press, M. Wirth https://thenounproject.com/term/printing/11880/ [CC BY]
Cocitation network for openfMRI papers, F. Å. Nielsen https://twitter.com/fnielsen/status/752860630932156416
dario@wikimedia.org • @readermeter • @Wikidata • @WikiCite • @WikiResearch