Ventilator: ICU ventilator is an equipment which is designed to provide the breath for a patient who is physically unable to breathe or he is breathing insufficiently. Environment of Use: •ICU/NICU/ITC •Recovery Rooms Sources: •Air (Turbine/ Compressor Operated) •Oxygen Technology Being Used: •Mechanical Ventilation •HFO Ventilation Figure 2. ICU Ventilator Figure 2. ICU Ventilator Modes of Ventilation: In pressure and volume controlled ventilation below mentioned are the basic modes. •Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) •Assist Control Ventilation (AC) •Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) •Mandatory Minute Volume

1. UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY KSK CAMPUS LAHORE
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ICU VENTILATOR
Respiration:
Respiration is the natural process of breathing
by which oxygen is inhaled inside the body
and carbon dioxide is exhaled out of the
body based upon the difference between
partial pressures of CO2
& O2
in lungs and
environment.
Lungs are the major organs of respiration.
Spontaneous Breathing:
Natural process of respiration is said to be spontaneous
breathing.
Figure 1. Human Lungs

2. If
someon
e is
unable
to
breathe
spontan
eously
then he
needs
a:
Ventila
tor:
ICU ventilator is an equipment which is designed to
provide the breath for a patient who is physically unable
to breathe or he is breathing insufficiently.
Environment of Use:
• ICU/NIC
U/ITC

3. • Recover
y Rooms
Sources:
• Air (Turbine/ Compressor
Operated) • Oxygen
Technology Being Used:
• Mechanical
Ventilation
• HFO
Ventilation
Figure 2. ICU
Ventilator
Figure 2. ICU
Ventilator
Modes of Ventilation:
In pressure and volume controlled ventilation below
mentioned are the basic modes.
• Continuous Mandatory Ventilation
(CMV) • Assist Control Ventilation
(AC)
• Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
(SIMV) • Mandatory Minute Volume (MMV)
• Continuos Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP/PS)
Submitted by: Sammia Younas Registration No.: 2015-BT-BMED-05 Submitted to:
Ms.Namra Afzal

4. UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
KSK CAMPUS LAHORE
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Graphical Representation of Volume Control Assist Control (VC-AC) Ventilation:
Forms of Breathing/ Ventilation:

5. Therapy Types:
• Invasive Ventilation:
In this type of ventilation patient is ventilated through
Endotracheal Tube (ETT) that’s why it is also known as Tube
Ventilation.
Figure 3. Invasive Ventilation:
• Non-Invasive Ventilation:
In this type of ventilation patient is ventilated through
mask (Non-invasively) that’s why this is also known as Mask
Ventilation.
Figure 4. Non-Invasive Ventilation
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
KSK CAMPUS LAHORE
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

6. Accessories of Ventilator:
Figure 5. Breathing Circuit
Figure 8. Flow Sensor
Figure 6. Humidifier
Figure 9. Test Lung
Figure 7. Expiratory Valve
Fig
ure 10. EtCO2 Sensor

7. Common Problems Observed:
1) Leak Test Failed
2) Airway Obstruction
3) Absence of Flow Curve
4) Incompatibility of expiratory Valve
Remedies to above mentioned Problems:
1) Check breathing circuit there might be some leakage
Or
Its connections may be lose with humidifier chamber/ ventilator.
2) Select the expiratory valve according to the type of the patient.
3) There must problem with the flow sensor connectivity or it might be expired.
4) Confirm the placement of the diaphragm on the expiratory valve.