Uses and purpose of audio
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The document discusses the uses and purposes of audio in moving image products like TV and film. It explains that sound is used to create moods, enhance scenes with music or sound effects, and tell the story through dialogue or narration. It also covers basic principles of sound, such as how sound waves are generated and vibrate through the air, and how acoustic treatments and soundproofing are used to control sound properties and environments.
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This document defines key sound terminology used in film, including diegetic sounds whose source is visible or implied, non-diegetic sounds without a visible source, and sound effects that exaggerate actions. It also discusses voiceovers, dialogue, sound bridges, synchronous and asynchronous sounds, sound mixing, perspective, soundtracks, themes, ambient sounds, and incidental music.
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Sound is a sequence of pressure waves that travels through air or water and can be heard by organisms due to vibrations exciting receptors in the ears. Sound is limited to a frequency range of 20-20,000 Hz for humans. The philosophical question of whether a sound is made if no one is there to hear it is discussed. Sound in media includes dialogue, sound effects, music, diegetic sounds that have a visible source, and non-diegetic sounds without a visible source. The rise of talkies in the 1920s was a major innovation, though some silent film stars struggled without their visual acting skills. Music scores are important for reminding viewers of films. Narration can help or hinder a film's atmosphere and
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The document analyzes how these media use dialogue, sound effects, and music to tell their stories and set the tone.
Audio pro forma (official) 12345
The document provides an analysis of existing audio products including The Archers podcast and a Doctor Who audio drama.
For The Archers, it notes the extensive use of dialogue to portray different character attitudes and settings. It also discusses the frequent use of sound effects like farm animals and footsteps to avoid a monotone narrative. Music is used to introduce each episode in a joyful way representing the countryside.
For the Doctor Who audio drama, dialogue is used to emphasize the seriousness of the confrontation between characters. Sound effects like touching objects help define the scenario. Music likely serves to introduce important scenes, but its purpose is not fully described.
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This document discusses various aspects of film sound, including:
- A brief history of film sound from the silent era to the introduction of sound in 1927.
- The five main types of film sound: dialogue, voiceover/commentary, music, sound effects, and silence.
- How each type of sound can be used creatively in films, such as using music to enhance themes or contrast scenes, and employing sound effects to add atmosphere, heighten impact, or extend beyond the frame.
- The importance of sound fitting within the overall film language rather than dominating, as well as how silence can be just as powerful as sound in films.
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Film sound is carefully crafted in post-production to emphasize important sounds and create the proper atmosphere for scenes. Sound can be either diegetic, coming from within the world of the film, or non-diegetic, coming from outside the film like music soundtracks. Diegetic sounds include voices, effects from visible objects, and implied music, while non-diegetic effects are added for drama or narration. Sound is also categorized as synchronous, asynchronous, or contrapuntal based on its relationship to the visuals and whether it reinforces, originates outside of, or contradicts them. Elements like voiceovers, theme music, score, and silence are all used strategically to guide audiences and develop narrative or characters.
Sound terminology
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Film sound is carefully crafted in post-production to emphasize important elements and set atmosphere. There are different types of sounds that serve different purposes - selective sounds emphasize key elements; ambient sounds provide a sense of place; and sound bridges help transition between scenes fluidly. Sound can be either diegetic, coming from visible or implied sources, or non-diegetic, whose source is not present. Proper use of synchronous, asynchronous, and contrapuntal sounds also influence the audience experience.
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Sound is used in several ways in films, including to emphasize key elements, create atmosphere, and help with transitions. There are different types of sounds like diegetic sounds whose source is visible or implied, non-diegetic sounds from outside the film's world, and synchronous or asynchronous sounds matched or not matched to the visuals. Different sounds are also used like voiceovers, theme music, musical scores, and silence is occasionally used for effect.
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This document discusses different types of sounds used in film and TV production, including diegetic sounds that originate from within the story world and non-diegetic sounds added for effect. It notes that film sound must be carefully mixed to emphasize important audio elements and maintain the proper atmosphere. Selective sounds are used to highlight key elements while ambient noise helps set the scene and mood. Other aspects covered include sound bridges between scenes, synchronous or asynchronous sounds, and the purposes of voiceovers, theme music, and silence.
Elements of the Soundtrack
Sound is a multi-layered mixture of various elements. All things audio make up the soundtrack, and each has their own respective priorities, contexts, and purpose.
Functions of a voiceover
The voiceover in film trailers serves several functions: it provides background information about the setting, characters, director, and producer; it helps build anticipation for the film's release; and it reinforces the title and sets the tone. Non-diegetic sounds like music are added to manipulate emotions, while diegetic sounds originate from within the scene.
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Our media product Turf uses and develops conventions from real media products like Sherlock, The Bourne Identity, and British gang films. Specifically, the lighting in Turf mimics the silhouetting used in Sherlock to create mystery. One of Turf's shots is also very similar to the tension and suspense created in a comparable shot and color scheme from The Bourne Identity. Finally, Turf aims to achieve a similar mise-en-scene through costumes and props as successful British gang films like Kidulthood and Adult hood that feature items such as baseball bats, hoodies, and athletic wear.
Med513 cw2
The document discusses the importance of both visuals and sound in films. It explores how silent films relied solely on visual techniques like lighting and camera angles to convey meaning and emotion. Early sound films also used musical scores to heighten the audience experience. While visuals are crucial for storytelling, the document argues that sound is equally important for delivering aspects of the narrative and eliciting emotional responses that visuals alone cannot achieve. It presents examples of how filmmakers strategically employ sounds like music and infrasound to manipulate audiences' fear levels. Overall, the document suggests that both visuals and sound play key roles in impacting audiences and neither should be considered more important than the other.
Are audiences impacted more by sound or visuals in film?
The document discusses the importance of both visuals and sound in films. It explores how silent films relied solely on visual techniques like lighting and camera angles to convey meaning and emotion. Early sound films also used musical scores to heighten the audience experience. While visuals are crucial for storytelling, the document argues that sound is equally important for delivering aspects of the narrative and eliciting emotional responses that visuals alone cannot achieve. It presents examples of how filmmakers strategically employ sounds like music and infrasound to intentionally manipulate audience fear and other feelings. Overall, the document suggests that both visual and auditory elements must be considered in understanding their combined impact on audiences.
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Sound is created by vibrations that move through air particles and create sound waves. The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency of vibrations, with higher pitches resulting from faster vibrations and lower pitches from slower vibrations. There are two types of sound used in films - diegetic sound, which comes from visible or implied sources within the story, and non-diegetic sound, which comes from sources outside the story like narration, music, or added sound effects. Diegetic sounds can be either on screen or off screen, while non-diegetic sounds are represented as coming from outside the story space.
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This document discusses the physics behind effective public speaking. It begins by providing background on sound production through the vocal folds and resonance chambers. It then discusses two techniques speakers can use: 1) Achieving a "heartier" voice through vowel darkening, lowering the larynx, and thickening the vocal folds, which produces a deeper, richer tone. 2) Projecting the voice more by tightening the vocal folds and using belly breathing for greater lung volume. It provides examples of how lowering one's voice can make one seem more authoritative and likely to be elected. The document also discusses how Margaret Thatcher trained to lower and darken her voice, which helped her get elected prime minister.
Sound in TV & Film
Sound-on-film refers to processes where sound is recorded directly onto the same film strip as the picture. This can be either an analog or digital sound track recorded optically or magnetically. Dialogue serves to tell the story and express character feelings and motivations. There are two types of sound - diegetic sounds that come from visible or implied sources in the story, and non-diegetic sounds from outside the story space like narration or added effects. Background music adds emotion and rhythm without being noticeable, providing tone and foreshadowing mood changes.
Business Intelligence
This document contains photo credits from various photographers including gamalmorisi, Orin Zebest, fatboyke (Luc), Armchair Aviator, DarrelBirkett, Exposure Hunter, Leonard John Matthews, Yoko 'e (Paulina), krossbow, JDB Sound Photography, and nosha. It encourages the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare.
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Are audiences impacted more by sound or visuals in film?
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Task 2
The document provides guidance for photographers to generate photographs for a client and media products. Photographers are instructed to consider a range of opportunities and contingency plans. They are then asked to develop their ideas and demonstrate techniques for digital photography, including framing, shutter speed, aperture, file size, composition, and storing images properly. Photographers are also told to evaluate selecting and rejecting images from contact sheets, and to assess aspects of their work like camera type, shutter speed, aperture, framing, lighting, camera support and use of mise-en-scène.
Task 1
The document provides details for Task 1a, which involves creating interior and exterior photographs for a magazine cover or newsletter. The brief specifies the client has requested planning and producing a range of images. Details provided include the purpose and target audience of an e-magazine focused on football for teenagers. Existing media products like websites and newspapers are considered for how they can be combined. Contingency plans are to expand the e-magazine's reach to all ages. A template layout is produced and test shots are planned at locations like Abby Lane park.
Task 3
The document provides instructions for a test photography shoot assignment to create interior and exterior photographs for a media product. It outlines that the student should explore, explain, and demonstrate photography techniques like framing using various cameras. It also discusses choosing appropriate locations, booking locations, and considering current media products as examples.
Task 5
This document evaluates the process of creating a digital magazine. It discusses researching publishing methods and digital formats which improved the author's writing style and helped produce an attractive, innovative piece. Layout research from other magazines aided in creating the best design. Peer feedback validated the quality of research and work put into the project. Pre-production planning helped organize time, images, and resources. Written materials were stored both physically and digitally to prevent loss of work.
Task 4
Dennis describes the processes involved in creating a piece of work including photography, importing materials into design software, experimenting on Photoshop and InDesign, and properly storing the finished piece. He took photos of a footballer playing football to illustrate his topic. The photos were imported from a USB file into InDesign. Dennis also practiced on the design software beforehand to learn how to make his work look good. He names, logs, and stores the finished piece with an appropriate file name and format, saving it locally and as a backup.
Task 3
This document outlines the tasks required to produce a digital pre-production portfolio and two digital publishing products. Task 3a involves creating props and costume lists, location scouting, and mockups. Task 3b requires researching sources, drafting two articles, and conducting primary research like interviews and questionnaires. Task 3c is to desktop publish the two digital products using programs like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign and publish on a blog. Task 3d is to adapt one of the articles for a different audience using a different writing style.
Task 2
The document outlines a plan to create an e-magazine pitch using audio-visual aids. It discusses using an e-magazine style to attract target audiences of teenagers. BBC persuasive techniques will be used to communicate ideas professionally yet understandably. A range of media language will be used to attract potential clients. Clarity of expression, tone of voice, vocabulary, and grammar will all be focused on to effectively engage and interest audiences. The e-magazine structure will feature text on one side and images on the other, using small images within the text and across the pages.
Task 1
The document outlines the tasks required to develop an idea and concept for a digital publishing product. Task 1a involves brainstorming ideas, creating a mood board, discussing ideas with peers, and selecting a final idea. Task 1b requires writing a proposal that includes the target audience (teenagers), purpose (to inform and educate about football), platform (e-magazine), synopsis, length, images/graphics, logistics, and resources needed. The proposal provides details on each of these elements, such as the types of images that will be used and ensuring legal and ethical standards are followed.
Task 3
The document provides instructions for a test photography shoot assignment to create interior and exterior photographs for a media product. It outlines that the student should explore, explain, and demonstrate photography techniques like framing using various cameras. It also discusses choosing appropriate locations, booking locations, and considering current media products as examples. The student provides reasoning for their shoot settings and choices.
Task2c
Digital images are used for various specific purposes in media products and publications. They can:
1) Enhance written publications by providing visuals to accompany news, articles and advertisements in newspapers.
2) Market products by using large printed pictures for decoration and to inform about events.
3) Generate interest and raise awareness about multi-sport events like the Olympics through promotional visuals.
4) Tell stories by communicating news through photographs in magazines that show hidden messages.
5) Promote events through advertisements in public media to publicize products, services, jobs or events.
6) Increase sales by using visuals in games, music or on compact discs.
Task 2b
Shorthand communication uses simple strokes, abbreviations, or symbols to rapidly write letters, words, or phrases. Mise en scène includes all visual elements of a film that characterize its spaces, such as costumes, makeup, props, and settings. Anchoring is basing estimates on irrelevant information known to the estimator rather than the actual event or value being estimated.
Task 2a
This document discusses and defines different types of digital publishing products and formats, including e-magazines, e-newspapers, adverts, DVD/CD covers, flyers, leaflets, training manuals, text for moving images and audio, interactive media, promotion media, and e-books. E-magazines are online magazines published on the internet, e-newspapers are digital versions of printed newspapers, and adverts are commercials used to promote products and services across different platforms.
Task 5
This document evaluates the process of creating a digital magazine. It discusses researching publishing methods and digital formats which improved the author's writing style and helped produce an attractive, innovative piece. Layout research from other magazines aided in creating the best design. Peer feedback confirmed the high quality of research and work. Pre-production planning helped organize time, images, and resources. Written materials were stored both physically and digitally to prevent data loss. Overall the evaluation finds the research, design, and production process was successful.
Task 4
Dennis documented the processes for his task 4 assignment which included producing football-themed photographs and importing them into InDesign and Photoshop. He chose pictures of a footballer playing football to match his topic. Dennis sourced the pictures from his USB by opening the file in InDesign. He also practiced using InDesign and Photoshop beforehand to familiarize himself with the software and prepare his work.
Task 3
This document outlines the tasks for a digital publishing project which includes creating a pre-production portfolio, researching articles through primary and secondary sources, and desktop publishing two digital products. The portfolio involves planning elements like a prop list, location photos, and mock layouts. Research includes questionnaires, interviews about what football fans want to see, and reviewing websites. The final stage involves using design software like Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign to publish the digital pieces to a blog with proper stylistic conventions for headlines and magazine layout tailored to a target teenage audience.
Task 2
The document outlines a plan to create an audio-visual pitch that communicates ideas to an audience in order to persuade them. It discusses using an e-magazine style to attract teenagers, employing persuasive techniques from the BBC to convey information in a professional yet understandable way. It emphasizes expressing ideas clearly through writing, images, and speaking slowly and clearly to effectively engage the target audience. The plan also notes the vocabulary, grammar, spelling, and punctuation will be at a high standard while remaining understandable for teenagers.
Task 1
The document instructs the recipient to produce a brainstorm and mood board with several print product ideas, discuss the ideas with peers and teacher, and take note of feedback to include in their work. It also states to include an account of discounted ideas with reasons, any changes made, and the final idea. The brainstorm and mood board should refer to existing examples of digital print products analyzed in a previous journalism brief.
Task 3
The two digitally published products analyzed were the BBC website and the FourFourTwo website. The BBC website uses a formal, factual style with images, videos, and ads. It has a modern yet original font scheme and yellow and white colors. FourFourTwo also uses images and ads but focuses more on pictures to link to separate pages with modern black and white colors and blonde capitalized graphics. Both sites use a mix of bold and normal fonts and include advertisements.
Task 2
Traditional publishing techniques before digital technology included etching, where acid was used to cut unprotected parts, and cassette tapes for audio recording and playback. Cameras could print photos within seconds of being taken, while early computers were basic but innovative. Phones originally only allowed stationary calls but have since added apps, games, and cameras. Digital publishing now occurs on websites and through various forms of advertising, while traditional methods were more limited like word of mouth, posters, and television.
Task1
This document provides definitions and descriptions of various digital publishing products and types of writing. It discusses emagazines, enewspapers, adverts, DVD/CD covers, flyers, leaflets, training materials, text for moving images and audio, interactive media, promotion media, ebooks, shorthand communication, mise en scene, and anchoring. Each term is defined in 1-2 sentences explaining what it is and how it relates to digital publishing or writing.
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