The document discusses the use of 2-ethoxy(4H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a precursor for synthesizing quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives. It describes reactions of the precursor with various nitrogen nucleophiles that yield quinazolin-4-ones and quinazolines. The structures of the products were determined using spectral data and elemental analysis. Quinazolines and quinazolinones have various biological activities and the synthesized derivatives could potentially serve as starting materials for novel compounds with biological activity.
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
The document describes the synthesis and pharmacological screening of benzoxazole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. A series of N'-[substituted sulfonyl]-1,3-benzoxazole-5-carbohydrazide compounds were synthesized using a multi-step synthesis route involving nitration, reduction, acid reactions, and substitution. The compounds were characterized using methods like IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. The compounds were then screened for anti-inflammatory activity and approximate toxicity. Eight compounds were synthesized with different R1 and R2 substituents on the benzoxazole ring. Preliminary pharmacological screening found some compounds showed promising anti-inflammatory activity with low toxicity, making them potential
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff base ligands and their antimony complexes. The ligands were synthesized by reacting 5-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde with carbonohydrazide or thiocarbonohydrazide. Antimony complexes were then prepared by reacting the ligands with antimony salts. The ligands and complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy and tested for antibacterial activity.
Structure determination of organic compounds tables of spectral data 4thIvan Milenkovic
This document provides an overview and preface for the fourth revised edition of the book "Structure Determination of Organic Compounds: Tables of Spectral Data". The book contains reference tables of NMR, IR, mass spectrometry and UV/Vis data to aid in the identification of organic compound structures. The preface notes that modern techniques have increased available data quality and quantity, necessitating a significantly revised edition. It acknowledges contributors who helped eliminate errors from previous versions. The goal is to provide a representative set of spectral reference data while recognizing that some mistakes may remain.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Bidentate Schiff base ligand 3-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-[(4-dimethylamino-benzylidene)-amino]-2-methyl-propionic acid was prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques studies and elemental analysis. The Cd(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Cr(III),and Fe(III) of mixed-ligand complexes were structural explicate through moler conductance , [FT-IR, UV-Vis & AAS], chloride contents, , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Octahedral geometries have been suggested for all complexes. The Schiff base and its complexes were tested against various bacterial species, two of {gram(G+) and gram(G-)} were shown weak to good activity against all bacteria.
This document summarizes the synthesis of new C-2, C-3 substituted heterocyclic derivatives of L-ascorbic acid and their characterization and evaluation of bacterial activity. Specifically, it describes the multi-step synthesis of Schiff bases and 1,3-oxazepine derivatives from L-ascorbic acid, including protection of hydroxyl groups, esterification, hydrazide formation, Schiff base formation with substituted benzaldehydes, and Diels-Alder reaction with phthalic anhydride to form 1,3-oxazepines. The synthesized compounds were characterized using melting point, FTIR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy and tested for antibacterial activity against gram-positive and
synthesis of hetero-cyclic drugs which act as anti-malarial drugs where you get all information about synthesis, preparation, properties, uses of drugs.
Esters are carbon compounds that have characteristic functional groups and properties. They are formed through esterification reactions between alcohols and carboxylic acids. Esters have lower boiling points than the original carboxylic acids. They also have sweet smells and are used to flavor foods and fragrances. Common examples of esters found in nature include ethyl ethanoate which contributes to the smell of bananas.
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
The document describes the synthesis and pharmacological screening of benzoxazole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. A series of N'-[substituted sulfonyl]-1,3-benzoxazole-5-carbohydrazide compounds were synthesized using a multi-step synthesis route involving nitration, reduction, acid reactions, and substitution. The compounds were characterized using methods like IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. The compounds were then screened for anti-inflammatory activity and approximate toxicity. Eight compounds were synthesized with different R1 and R2 substituents on the benzoxazole ring. Preliminary pharmacological screening found some compounds showed promising anti-inflammatory activity with low toxicity, making them potential
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff base ligands and their antimony complexes. The ligands were synthesized by reacting 5-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde with carbonohydrazide or thiocarbonohydrazide. Antimony complexes were then prepared by reacting the ligands with antimony salts. The ligands and complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy and tested for antibacterial activity.
Structure determination of organic compounds tables of spectral data 4thIvan Milenkovic
This document provides an overview and preface for the fourth revised edition of the book "Structure Determination of Organic Compounds: Tables of Spectral Data". The book contains reference tables of NMR, IR, mass spectrometry and UV/Vis data to aid in the identification of organic compound structures. The preface notes that modern techniques have increased available data quality and quantity, necessitating a significantly revised edition. It acknowledges contributors who helped eliminate errors from previous versions. The goal is to provide a representative set of spectral reference data while recognizing that some mistakes may remain.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Bidentate Schiff base ligand 3-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-[(4-dimethylamino-benzylidene)-amino]-2-methyl-propionic acid was prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques studies and elemental analysis. The Cd(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Cr(III),and Fe(III) of mixed-ligand complexes were structural explicate through moler conductance , [FT-IR, UV-Vis & AAS], chloride contents, , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Octahedral geometries have been suggested for all complexes. The Schiff base and its complexes were tested against various bacterial species, two of {gram(G+) and gram(G-)} were shown weak to good activity against all bacteria.
This document summarizes the synthesis of new C-2, C-3 substituted heterocyclic derivatives of L-ascorbic acid and their characterization and evaluation of bacterial activity. Specifically, it describes the multi-step synthesis of Schiff bases and 1,3-oxazepine derivatives from L-ascorbic acid, including protection of hydroxyl groups, esterification, hydrazide formation, Schiff base formation with substituted benzaldehydes, and Diels-Alder reaction with phthalic anhydride to form 1,3-oxazepines. The synthesized compounds were characterized using melting point, FTIR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy and tested for antibacterial activity against gram-positive and
synthesis of hetero-cyclic drugs which act as anti-malarial drugs where you get all information about synthesis, preparation, properties, uses of drugs.
Esters are carbon compounds that have characteristic functional groups and properties. They are formed through esterification reactions between alcohols and carboxylic acids. Esters have lower boiling points than the original carboxylic acids. They also have sweet smells and are used to flavor foods and fragrances. Common examples of esters found in nature include ethyl ethanoate which contributes to the smell of bananas.
The document summarizes various reagents used in organic synthesis, including their properties and reactions. It discusses sodium amide/ammonia for Birch reduction and benzyne formation. It also covers 1,3-propanedithiol for umpolung reactions to form cyclic ketones. Various oxidizing agents are described for baeyer-villiger oxidation and epoxidation reactions, including peracids, osmium tetroxide, and potassium permanganate. The effects of solvent and migratory aptitude in these reactions are also highlighted. Further reagents discussed include diisobutylaluminum hydride, Simmons-Smith reagent for cyclopropanation, and organoboranes.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
1. The document discusses alcohols, which are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group. Alcohols are produced from carbohydrates through fermentation.
2. The general formula for alcohols is CnH2n+1OH. Butan-1-ol and butan-2-ol are examples of position isomers for butanol, where the hydroxyl group is located on different carbons of the butane chain.
3. Isomerism increases with longer carbon chains as there are more positions for the hydroxyl group to attach, producing different molecular structures with the same molecular formula.
1. A new acylated apigenin glucoside compound was isolated from the leaves of Phyllanthus emblica and its structure was elucidated.
2. Spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and ESI-MS revealed the compound's structure as apigenin-7-O-(6”-butyryl--glucopyranoside).
3. The compound exhibited potent cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines based on SRB assays, indicating potential anticancer properties. Four other compounds were also isolated and identified from the plant.
This document describes an efficient two-step synthesis of the drug Atenolol using microwave dielectric heating. In the first step, p-hydroxyphenylacetamide is reacted with epichlorohydrin under microwave conditions to form an epoxy derivative in 70% yield. In the second step, the epoxy derivative is reacted with isopropyl amine and water under microwave heating to form Atenolol in 93% yield. Overall, this microwave-assisted synthesis provides Atenolol in 65% yield from the starting material, which is faster and higher yielding than conventional heating methods.
Location of functional groups & molecular stereochemistryNilesh Thorat
The document discusses various spectroscopic and chemical methods for determining the location of functional groups, molecular stereochemistry, and absolute stereochemistry in natural products. NMR and IR spectroscopy provide information on functional groups and their relationships. Chemical methods like oxidation, ozonolysis, ring formation reactions, and reaction with acids can reveal functional group positions and relationships. Absolute stereochemistry can be determined using methods like molecular rotation differences, asymmetric induction, optical rotation dispersion and circular dichroism, NMR techniques, and X-ray crystallography.
Esters are formed through an esterification reaction when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of a concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst. Esters have various physical properties including being colorless liquids at room temperature with sweet, pleasant smells and low boiling points and densities. They are found naturally in many plants and fruits where they contribute to smells and flavors. Esters have several applications including use as food flavorings, in cosmetics, fragrances, and medicines.
A complete guide to Hetero-cyclic CompoundsSarahHammad5
This document provides information on several heterocyclic organic compounds - furan, pyrrole, indole, thiophene, and pyridine. It discusses the structure, properties, synthesis, and applications of each compound. The key points are:
1) These compounds contain aromatic rings with at least one heteroatom such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They are important in biomolecules, drugs, dyes, and other applications.
2) Their properties depend on the hybridization and reactivity of the ring atoms. Electrophilic aromatic substitution occurs commonly.
3) Synthesis methods include thermal decomposition, acid or base catalyzed reactions, and rearrangement reactions.
4)
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry topics including alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and macromolecules. It defines key terms such as homologous series and discusses the physical properties and reactions of these organic compounds. For example, it explains that alkanes form a homologous series with a general formula of CnH2n+2 and that their melting and boiling points increase with chain length. It also summarizes how alcohols can undergo combustion, oxidation to form carboxylic acids, and esterification reactions.
1) Furan and thiophene are 5-membered heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen and sulfur respectively. They are prepared via various synthetic routes and undergo electrophilic substitution and addition reactions.
2) Furan and thiophene have several medicinal uses. Furan derivatives like furosemide and ranitidine are used as diuretics and antiulcer drugs. Thiophene derivatives are used as antibiotics, antihistamines, anticonvulsants and anti-inflammatory drugs.
3) The document discusses the structures, properties, synthesis and reactions of furan and thiophene. It also outlines some of their common medicinal applications.
This document discusses the antibiotic tetracycline. It belongs to a group of antibiotics called tetracyclines which are obtained through fermentation of Streptomyces bacteria. Tetracycline has a complex stereochemistry and exists as a zwitterion. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It is stable under acidic conditions but forms anhydrotetracycline, while under basic conditions it opens to form isotetracycline. It forms insoluble chelates with metals. Tetracycline has broad-spectrum activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The document summarizes Molly Winterbottom's experiment to synthesize benzocaine through a three-step process from nitrotoluene. The first step was oxidizing nitrotoluene to form nitrobenzoic acid. The second step was a Fischer esterification of nitrobenzoic acid to form ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate. The third step reduced the nitro group to an amino group to form the final product, ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (benzocaine). TLC plates and IR spectroscopy confirmed the products of each step. Two analogs were also synthesized by modifying the second and third steps.
The document describes the process for extracting rare-earth elements from monazite ore. Monazite ore contains rare-earth metal oxides, phosphates, thorium, and uranium. The process involves grinding the ore, digesting it with sulfuric acid to dissolve the rare-earth elements, filtering and precipitating thorium phosphate, rare-earth hydroxides, and uranium concentrate. An older process used acid cracking with sulfuric acid at high temperatures, which generated waste and lost the phosphate content. The modern process allows recovery of the valuable phosphate.
Purines are the cyclic diureides, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused with an imidazole ring. Purine m.p. 212-213⁰C is a synthetic compound. Purine is not found naturally, but it’s derivatives, adenine, and guanine are found in nature. These are the building blocks of nucleic acid RNA and DNA. Purine can exist in four tautomeric forms in which the hydrogen atom is attached to the different nitrogen atom, N-1, N-3, N-7, and N-9. Purines are a type of chemical compound found in foods and drinks that are part of a normal diet. A small number of foods contain concentrated levels of purines, such as seafood, organ meats, and alcoholic beverages, especially beer.
Project_Ionic_Liquid_Master 1 of Chemistry and BiologyJing YI
This document summarizes the synthesis of new imidazolium salts intended for use as vectors for siRNA transfection. It describes the step-by-step synthesis of intermediates including 1-alkyl-3-[3,4-bis(dodecyloxy)benzyl]-4H-imidazolium chloride and its deprotected form. It also discusses the inhibition of lactoperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation by an imidazole-based thione synthesized from one of the intermediates. The synthesis routes achieved good yields for the intermediates and products, which were characterized by various analytical techniques. The document concludes by discussing the different potential applications of the synthesized compounds.
Potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate – one of the excellent tools of ...Istiqur Rahman
This document discusses pharmaceutical analysis and different types of titration methods. It focuses on redox titration and provides details about common oxidizing agents used - potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate. Potassium permanganate is highlighted as a stronger oxidizing agent compared to potassium dichromate due to its higher oxidation state of +7 and ability to oxidize a wider range of functional groups. Both oxidizing agents are compared in terms of their toxicity, with potassium dichromate noted as being more hazardous to health.
11.[11 18]acampaquinone a novel phenanthraquinone isolated from the whole pla...Alexander Decker
1. A novel phenanthraquinone derivative called Acampaquinone was isolated from the whole plant of Acampae praemorsa.
2. Structural elucidation using spectroscopic data revealed the structure of Acampaquinone to be 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1,4-phenanthraquinone.
3. This is the first report of a phenanthraquinone being isolated from Acampae praemorsa.
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with anthranillic acid and tributylphosphine. The complexes were prepared in a 1:2:2 molar ratio of metal to ligands and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The complexes were found to have octahedral geometry and were tested for their antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, showing high activity. In summary, mixed ligand metal complexes were successfully synthesized and showed antimicrobial properties.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
The document summarizes the synthesis and pharmacological screening of some benzoxazole derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. A series of new 5-substituted benzoxazoles were synthesized and characterized. These compounds were then screened for their anti-inflammatory activity. Eight compounds (VIa-VIh) with different substituents were synthesized using an appropriate synthetic route. These compounds were purified and their structures were confirmed through various analytical techniques. The compounds were then evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potential through preliminary pharmacological screening tests.
1.[1 9]use of 2-{[5-(2-amino-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4 h)-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl...Alexander Decker
This document describes the synthesis of novel quinazolinone derivatives. Specifically, it details:
1) The synthesis of compound 1 which serves as the starting material.
2) The reaction of compound 1 with various reagents to yield Schiff bases, cyclic, and acyclic derivatives. This includes reactions with aldehydes, ketones, chloroacetyl chloride, and various nucleophiles.
3) Characterization of the synthesized derivatives using techniques like IR, mass, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis to confirm their structures.
The goal is to gain a better understanding of the reaction pathways and structure-property relationships of these quinazolinone derivatives which have potential biological activities
This document describes a one-pot synthesis of nitroolefins using zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Various olefins are reacted with nitric oxide at mild temperatures and pressures in the presence of zeolites such as HY-zeolite and HEMT. This produces the corresponding nitroolefins in good yields ranging from 68-81%. The zeolite-catalyzed reaction provides an easy, convenient method for nitroolefin synthesis that avoids the harsh conditions and byproducts of previous approaches.
The document summarizes various reagents used in organic synthesis, including their properties and reactions. It discusses sodium amide/ammonia for Birch reduction and benzyne formation. It also covers 1,3-propanedithiol for umpolung reactions to form cyclic ketones. Various oxidizing agents are described for baeyer-villiger oxidation and epoxidation reactions, including peracids, osmium tetroxide, and potassium permanganate. The effects of solvent and migratory aptitude in these reactions are also highlighted. Further reagents discussed include diisobutylaluminum hydride, Simmons-Smith reagent for cyclopropanation, and organoboranes.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
1. The document discusses alcohols, which are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group. Alcohols are produced from carbohydrates through fermentation.
2. The general formula for alcohols is CnH2n+1OH. Butan-1-ol and butan-2-ol are examples of position isomers for butanol, where the hydroxyl group is located on different carbons of the butane chain.
3. Isomerism increases with longer carbon chains as there are more positions for the hydroxyl group to attach, producing different molecular structures with the same molecular formula.
1. A new acylated apigenin glucoside compound was isolated from the leaves of Phyllanthus emblica and its structure was elucidated.
2. Spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and ESI-MS revealed the compound's structure as apigenin-7-O-(6”-butyryl--glucopyranoside).
3. The compound exhibited potent cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines based on SRB assays, indicating potential anticancer properties. Four other compounds were also isolated and identified from the plant.
This document describes an efficient two-step synthesis of the drug Atenolol using microwave dielectric heating. In the first step, p-hydroxyphenylacetamide is reacted with epichlorohydrin under microwave conditions to form an epoxy derivative in 70% yield. In the second step, the epoxy derivative is reacted with isopropyl amine and water under microwave heating to form Atenolol in 93% yield. Overall, this microwave-assisted synthesis provides Atenolol in 65% yield from the starting material, which is faster and higher yielding than conventional heating methods.
Location of functional groups & molecular stereochemistryNilesh Thorat
The document discusses various spectroscopic and chemical methods for determining the location of functional groups, molecular stereochemistry, and absolute stereochemistry in natural products. NMR and IR spectroscopy provide information on functional groups and their relationships. Chemical methods like oxidation, ozonolysis, ring formation reactions, and reaction with acids can reveal functional group positions and relationships. Absolute stereochemistry can be determined using methods like molecular rotation differences, asymmetric induction, optical rotation dispersion and circular dichroism, NMR techniques, and X-ray crystallography.
Esters are formed through an esterification reaction when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of a concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst. Esters have various physical properties including being colorless liquids at room temperature with sweet, pleasant smells and low boiling points and densities. They are found naturally in many plants and fruits where they contribute to smells and flavors. Esters have several applications including use as food flavorings, in cosmetics, fragrances, and medicines.
A complete guide to Hetero-cyclic CompoundsSarahHammad5
This document provides information on several heterocyclic organic compounds - furan, pyrrole, indole, thiophene, and pyridine. It discusses the structure, properties, synthesis, and applications of each compound. The key points are:
1) These compounds contain aromatic rings with at least one heteroatom such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They are important in biomolecules, drugs, dyes, and other applications.
2) Their properties depend on the hybridization and reactivity of the ring atoms. Electrophilic aromatic substitution occurs commonly.
3) Synthesis methods include thermal decomposition, acid or base catalyzed reactions, and rearrangement reactions.
4)
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry topics including alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and macromolecules. It defines key terms such as homologous series and discusses the physical properties and reactions of these organic compounds. For example, it explains that alkanes form a homologous series with a general formula of CnH2n+2 and that their melting and boiling points increase with chain length. It also summarizes how alcohols can undergo combustion, oxidation to form carboxylic acids, and esterification reactions.
1) Furan and thiophene are 5-membered heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen and sulfur respectively. They are prepared via various synthetic routes and undergo electrophilic substitution and addition reactions.
2) Furan and thiophene have several medicinal uses. Furan derivatives like furosemide and ranitidine are used as diuretics and antiulcer drugs. Thiophene derivatives are used as antibiotics, antihistamines, anticonvulsants and anti-inflammatory drugs.
3) The document discusses the structures, properties, synthesis and reactions of furan and thiophene. It also outlines some of their common medicinal applications.
This document discusses the antibiotic tetracycline. It belongs to a group of antibiotics called tetracyclines which are obtained through fermentation of Streptomyces bacteria. Tetracycline has a complex stereochemistry and exists as a zwitterion. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It is stable under acidic conditions but forms anhydrotetracycline, while under basic conditions it opens to form isotetracycline. It forms insoluble chelates with metals. Tetracycline has broad-spectrum activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The document summarizes Molly Winterbottom's experiment to synthesize benzocaine through a three-step process from nitrotoluene. The first step was oxidizing nitrotoluene to form nitrobenzoic acid. The second step was a Fischer esterification of nitrobenzoic acid to form ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate. The third step reduced the nitro group to an amino group to form the final product, ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (benzocaine). TLC plates and IR spectroscopy confirmed the products of each step. Two analogs were also synthesized by modifying the second and third steps.
The document describes the process for extracting rare-earth elements from monazite ore. Monazite ore contains rare-earth metal oxides, phosphates, thorium, and uranium. The process involves grinding the ore, digesting it with sulfuric acid to dissolve the rare-earth elements, filtering and precipitating thorium phosphate, rare-earth hydroxides, and uranium concentrate. An older process used acid cracking with sulfuric acid at high temperatures, which generated waste and lost the phosphate content. The modern process allows recovery of the valuable phosphate.
Purines are the cyclic diureides, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused with an imidazole ring. Purine m.p. 212-213⁰C is a synthetic compound. Purine is not found naturally, but it’s derivatives, adenine, and guanine are found in nature. These are the building blocks of nucleic acid RNA and DNA. Purine can exist in four tautomeric forms in which the hydrogen atom is attached to the different nitrogen atom, N-1, N-3, N-7, and N-9. Purines are a type of chemical compound found in foods and drinks that are part of a normal diet. A small number of foods contain concentrated levels of purines, such as seafood, organ meats, and alcoholic beverages, especially beer.
Project_Ionic_Liquid_Master 1 of Chemistry and BiologyJing YI
This document summarizes the synthesis of new imidazolium salts intended for use as vectors for siRNA transfection. It describes the step-by-step synthesis of intermediates including 1-alkyl-3-[3,4-bis(dodecyloxy)benzyl]-4H-imidazolium chloride and its deprotected form. It also discusses the inhibition of lactoperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation by an imidazole-based thione synthesized from one of the intermediates. The synthesis routes achieved good yields for the intermediates and products, which were characterized by various analytical techniques. The document concludes by discussing the different potential applications of the synthesized compounds.
Potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate – one of the excellent tools of ...Istiqur Rahman
This document discusses pharmaceutical analysis and different types of titration methods. It focuses on redox titration and provides details about common oxidizing agents used - potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate. Potassium permanganate is highlighted as a stronger oxidizing agent compared to potassium dichromate due to its higher oxidation state of +7 and ability to oxidize a wider range of functional groups. Both oxidizing agents are compared in terms of their toxicity, with potassium dichromate noted as being more hazardous to health.
11.[11 18]acampaquinone a novel phenanthraquinone isolated from the whole pla...Alexander Decker
1. A novel phenanthraquinone derivative called Acampaquinone was isolated from the whole plant of Acampae praemorsa.
2. Structural elucidation using spectroscopic data revealed the structure of Acampaquinone to be 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1,4-phenanthraquinone.
3. This is the first report of a phenanthraquinone being isolated from Acampae praemorsa.
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with anthranillic acid and tributylphosphine. The complexes were prepared in a 1:2:2 molar ratio of metal to ligands and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The complexes were found to have octahedral geometry and were tested for their antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, showing high activity. In summary, mixed ligand metal complexes were successfully synthesized and showed antimicrobial properties.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IOSRPHR(www.iosrphr.org) IOSR Journal of Pharmacyiosrphr_editor
The document summarizes the synthesis and pharmacological screening of some benzoxazole derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. A series of new 5-substituted benzoxazoles were synthesized and characterized. These compounds were then screened for their anti-inflammatory activity. Eight compounds (VIa-VIh) with different substituents were synthesized using an appropriate synthetic route. These compounds were purified and their structures were confirmed through various analytical techniques. The compounds were then evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potential through preliminary pharmacological screening tests.
1.[1 9]use of 2-{[5-(2-amino-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4 h)-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl...Alexander Decker
This document describes the synthesis of novel quinazolinone derivatives. Specifically, it details:
1) The synthesis of compound 1 which serves as the starting material.
2) The reaction of compound 1 with various reagents to yield Schiff bases, cyclic, and acyclic derivatives. This includes reactions with aldehydes, ketones, chloroacetyl chloride, and various nucleophiles.
3) Characterization of the synthesized derivatives using techniques like IR, mass, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis to confirm their structures.
The goal is to gain a better understanding of the reaction pathways and structure-property relationships of these quinazolinone derivatives which have potential biological activities
This document describes a one-pot synthesis of nitroolefins using zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Various olefins are reacted with nitric oxide at mild temperatures and pressures in the presence of zeolites such as HY-zeolite and HEMT. This produces the corresponding nitroolefins in good yields ranging from 68-81%. The zeolite-catalyzed reaction provides an easy, convenient method for nitroolefin synthesis that avoids the harsh conditions and byproducts of previous approaches.
The document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of plumbum(II) complexes with mixed ligands of bis(N-alkyl-N-ethyldithiocarbamates) and 1,10-phenanthroline. Specifically, it describes the synthesis of new plumbum(II) complexes with butyl and cyclohexyl dithiocarbamate ligands and their adducts with phenanthroline. Elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the complexes and confirmed the proposed structures.
This document summarizes a study investigating the sorption and biodegradation of six nitrogen-substituted naphthalenes (I-VI) in flooded soil under different pH and redox conditions. The compounds showed curvilinear adsorption patterns. Adsorption of the ionizable amino-compounds (I-III) increased under acidic conditions, suggesting cation exchange is an important mechanism. Adsorption of the nonionizable nitro-compounds (IV, VI) did not vary with pH. Aerobic biodegradation occurred in two phases, with an initial fast phase followed by a slower phase. Methyl substitution increased adsorption but decreased biodegradation rates. All compounds showed recalcitrance under an
The document describes a new efficient route for the one-pot synthesis of 2-aminobenzophenone from substituted isatoic anhydride under microwave conditions. Isatoic anhydrides were first prepared from isatin using acetic acid, formic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction of substituted isatoic anhydride with K-10 clay and benzene under microwave irradiation for 5-7 minutes produced the desired 2-aminobenzophenone derivatives in good yields ranging from 64-78% within 6-7 hours. The structures of the products were characterized using NMR, IR and LCMS spectroscopy.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of New Complexes of So...IOSR Journals
Complexes of some lanthanide picrates (Ln3+ = Pr3+, Nd3+ and Dy3+) with benzo-18-crown-6 and 221-cryptand were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, and UV-Visible. Spectrophotometric methods, thermal analysis (TGA & DTG), melting point, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance. Also an in-vitro study on gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella and pseudomonas aeruginosa) was performed and the results were compared to those of the broad spectrum antibiotic Chloramphinicol. The benzo-18-crown-6 complexes have the general formula of [Ln.L.(Pic)2]Pic.nH2O , where; (Ln3+ = Pr3+, Nd3+, and Dy3+) , (L = Benzo-18-crown-6) , (Pic = Picrate anion) , (n = 1-2). In these complexes two picrate anions are coordinated to the metal ion through the phenolic oxygen and oxygen of the ortho nitro group, thus, the metal ions in these complexes have a coordination number of (10). The complexes of 221-cryptand have the general formula of [Ln.L.(Pic)]Pic2.nH2O where; (Ln3+ = Pr3+, Nd3+, and Dy3+), (L = 221-cryptand), (Pic = Picrate anion), (n = 1,2 or 7). In these complexes one picrate anion is coordinated to the metal ion, also through the phenolic oxygen and the oxygen from the ortho nitro group, thus the metal ions in the cryptand complexes have a coordination number of (9).
Synthesis, Spectroscopic study & Biological Activity Of Some Organotin(Iv) De...IOSR Journals
Some di-and triorganotin(IV) derivatives of (2E)-N-methyl-(2
oxo1,2diphenylethylidne)hydrazinecarbothioamide synthesised by the reactions of the corresponding di and
triorganotin(IV) chlorides with the sodium salt of (2E)-N-methyl-(2-
oxo1,2diphenylethylidne)hydrazinecarbothioamide in different molar ratios. These derivatives have been
characterized by elemental analyses ,molecular weights, conductivity measurements and spectral(IR, 1H, 13C
and 119 Sn NMR) studies.
The Mannich reaction involves the condensation of an enolizable carbonyl compound, an aldehyde such as formaldehyde, and a primary or secondary amine. This results in an aminoalkylation and formation of a β-aminocarbonyl compound known as a Mannich base. Modifications using preformed Mannich bases and reactive substrates extend the scope and selectivity of the reaction. The Mannich reaction has wide applications in organic synthesis and for producing natural and medicinal compounds.
A micro-review of the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation with recent (2012/2013) references from the literature; last updated on March 1 2013.
The Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation is a popular tool for the synthesis of esters and lactones.
See an animation at: http://www.harinchem.com/named_organic_reactions.html.
Please send feedback or questions through: http://www.harinchem.com/contactpage.aspx
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of a Schiff base ligand and its complexes with various metal ions. The ligand (HL) was prepared in two steps by reacting 3-aminoacetophenone with hydrazine monohydrate to form an intermediate, which was then reacted with salicylaldehyde. The ligand was characterized using various techniques. The metal complexes were prepared by reacting the ligand with metal chlorides in a 1:1 molar ratio. The complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Based on the data, the complexes were found to have tetrahedral geometry except for the nickel complex which was square planar.
Synthesis and characterization of complexes of schiff base [1, 2 diphenyl -...Alexander Decker
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of a Schiff base ligand and its complexes with various metal ions. The ligand (HL) was prepared in two steps by reacting 3-aminoacetophenone with hydrazine monohydrate to form an intermediate, which was then reacted with salicylaldehyde. The ligand was characterized using various techniques. The metal complexes were prepared by reacting the ligand with metal chlorides in a 1:1 molar ratio. The complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, conductivity, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Based on the data, the complexes were found to have tetrahedral geometry except for the nickel complex which was square planar.
This document describes the synthesis of racemic N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)alanine (5) in four steps from oxazoline derivative 1. The key steps are: (1) Regioselective alkylation of 1H-1,2,4-triazole with 1 to form compound 2. (2) Ring-opening of the oxazoline ring in 2 to form aminoalcohol 3. (3) N-protection of 3 with Boc2O to form compound 4. (4) Oxidation of 4 using KMnO4 to form the final product
Synthesis of Some Unsymmetrical Dioxime Esters Using the Acetylacetone as a P...Scientific Review SR
Three unsymmetrical dioxime esters (2E,4E)-(4-imino O-benzoyl-2-imino O-terphthaloyl)pentane, (2E,4E)-(4-imino O-benzoyl-2-imino O-tosyl)pentane and (2E,4E)-(4-imino O-terphthaloyl-2-imino O-tosyl)pentane were obtained employing esterification process between (2E,4E)-pentane-2,4-dione O4-benzoyl dioxime 2 and terephthaloyl chloride or tosyl chloride. The third unsymmetrical dioxime ester was synthesized through similar esterification reaction between 4-(2E,4E)-4-(hydroxyimino)pentan-2-ylideneaminooxycarbonyl)benzoyl chloride 8 and tosyl chloride. The yields of these esterification reactions has been found to vary from moderate to very good yields giving single geometric isomers in all cases. The synthesis of these three unsymmetrical dioxime esters required, firstly, the synthesis of (2E,4E)-pentane-2,4-dione O4-benzoyl dioxime and 4- [(2E,4E)-4-(hydroxyimino)pentan-2-ylidene]amino oxycarbonylbenzoyl chloride as two precursors.
1) A series of novel N-(1-alkyl-2,6-dimethylpyridin-4(1H)-ylidene)areneamines were synthesized by condensing aromatic amines with substituted N-(1-alkyl-2,6-dimethylpyridin-4(1H)-one.
2) The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using spectral data from IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry.
3) The compounds were characterized based on their melting points and spectral data. Their proposed structures were supported by analytical techniques.
This document describes the synthesis of novel spirooxindole derivatives via a three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Various spirooxindole-spiropiperidinone-pyrrolidine and spirooxindole-spiropiperidinone-pyrrolizine derivatives were synthesized in good yields from isatin, sarcosine or L-proline, and Knoevenagel adducts under optimized reaction conditions. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated, with some compounds exhibiting excellent activity against bacteria and fungi, comparable or superior to standard antimicrobial drugs.
Similar to Use of 2 ethoxy(4 h)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a precursor (20)
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
This document presents a framework for evaluating the usability of B2C e-commerce websites. It involves user testing methods like usability testing and interviews to identify usability problems in areas like navigation, design, purchasing processes, and customer service. The framework specifies goals for the evaluation, determines which website aspects to evaluate, and identifies target users. It then describes collecting data through user testing and analyzing the results to identify usability problems and suggest improvements.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
A unique common fixed point theorems in generalized dAlexander Decker
This document presents definitions and properties related to generalized D*-metric spaces and establishes some common fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in these spaces. It begins by introducing D*-metric spaces and generalized D*-metric spaces, defines concepts like convergence and Cauchy sequences. It presents lemmas showing the uniqueness of limits in these spaces and the equivalence of different definitions of convergence. The goal of the paper is then stated as obtaining a unique common fixed point theorem for generalized D*-metric spaces.
A trends of salmonella and antibiotic resistanceAlexander Decker
This document provides a review of trends in Salmonella and antibiotic resistance. It begins with an introduction to Salmonella as a facultative anaerobe that causes nontyphoidal salmonellosis. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is then discussed. The document proceeds to cover the historical perspective and classification of Salmonella, definitions of antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella including modification or destruction of antimicrobial agents, efflux pumps, modification of antibiotic targets, and decreased membrane permeability. Specific resistance mechanisms are discussed for several classes of antimicrobials.
A transformational generative approach towards understanding al-istifhamAlexander Decker
This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
A time series analysis of the determinants of savings in namibiaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the determinants of savings in Namibia from 1991 to 2012. It reviews previous literature on savings determinants in developing countries. The study uses time series analysis including unit root tests, cointegration, and error correction models to analyze the relationship between savings and variables like income, inflation, population growth, deposit rates, and financial deepening in Namibia. The results found inflation and income have a positive impact on savings, while population growth negatively impacts savings. Deposit rates and financial deepening were found to have no significant impact. The study reinforces previous work and emphasizes the importance of improving income levels to achieve higher savings rates in Namibia.
A therapy for physical and mental fitness of school childrenAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the importance of exercise in maintaining physical and mental fitness for school children. It discusses how physical and mental fitness are developed through participation in regular physical exercises and cannot be achieved solely through classroom learning. The document outlines different types and components of fitness and argues that developing fitness should be a key objective of education systems. It recommends that schools ensure pupils engage in graded physical activities and exercises to support their overall development.
A theory of efficiency for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining efficiency in managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was examined through the lenses of Kaizen theory (continuous improvement) and efficiency theory. A survey of 303 marketing executives from Nigerian banks found that management plays a key role in identifying and implementing efficiency improvements. The document recommends adopting a "3H grand strategy" to improve the heads, hearts, and hands of management and marketing executives by enhancing their knowledge, attitudes, and tools.
This document discusses evaluating the link budget for effective 900MHz GSM communication. It describes the basic parameters needed for a high-level link budget calculation, including transmitter power, antenna gains, path loss, and propagation models. Common propagation models for 900MHz that are described include Okumura model for urban areas and Hata model for urban, suburban, and open areas. Rain attenuation is also incorporated using the updated ITU model to improve communication during rainfall.
A synthetic review of contraceptive supplies in punjabAlexander Decker
This document discusses contraceptive use in Punjab, Pakistan. It begins by providing background on the benefits of family planning and contraceptive use for maternal and child health. It then analyzes contraceptive commodity data from Punjab, finding that use is still low despite efforts to improve access. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for strategies to bridge gaps and meet the unmet need for effective and affordable contraceptive methods and supplies in Punjab in order to improve health outcomes.
A synthesis of taylor’s and fayol’s management approaches for managing market...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses synthesizing Taylor's scientific management approach and Fayol's process management approach to identify an effective way to manage marketing executives in Nigerian banks.
2) It reviews Taylor's emphasis on efficiency and breaking tasks into small parts, and Fayol's focus on developing general management principles.
3) The study administered a survey to 303 marketing executives in Nigerian banks to test if combining elements of Taylor and Fayol's approaches would help manage their performance through clear roles, accountability, and motivation. Statistical analysis supported combining the two approaches.
A survey paper on sequence pattern mining with incrementalAlexander Decker
This document summarizes four algorithms for sequential pattern mining: GSP, ISM, FreeSpan, and PrefixSpan. GSP is an Apriori-based algorithm that incorporates time constraints. ISM extends SPADE to incrementally update patterns after database changes. FreeSpan uses frequent items to recursively project databases and grow subsequences. PrefixSpan also uses projection but claims to not require candidate generation. It recursively projects databases based on short prefix patterns. The document concludes by stating the goal was to find an efficient scheme for extracting sequential patterns from transactional datasets.
A survey on live virtual machine migrations and its techniquesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes several techniques for live virtual machine migration in cloud computing. It discusses works that have proposed affinity-aware migration models to improve resource utilization, energy efficient migration approaches using storage migration and live VM migration, and a dynamic consolidation technique using migration control to avoid unnecessary migrations. The document also summarizes works that have designed methods to minimize migration downtime and network traffic, proposed a resource reservation framework for efficient migration of multiple VMs, and addressed real-time issues in live migration. Finally, it provides a table summarizing the techniques, tools used, and potential future work or gaps identified for each discussed work.
A survey on data mining and analysis in hadoop and mongo dbAlexander Decker
This document discusses data mining of big data using Hadoop and MongoDB. It provides an overview of Hadoop and MongoDB and their uses in big data analysis. Specifically, it proposes using Hadoop for distributed processing and MongoDB for data storage and input. The document reviews several related works that discuss big data analysis using these tools, as well as their capabilities for scalable data storage and mining. It aims to improve computational time and fault tolerance for big data analysis by mining data stored in Hadoop using MongoDB and MapReduce.
1. The document discusses several challenges for integrating media with cloud computing including media content convergence, scalability and expandability, finding appropriate applications, and reliability.
2. Media content convergence challenges include dealing with the heterogeneity of media types, services, networks, devices, and quality of service requirements as well as integrating technologies used by media providers and consumers.
3. Scalability and expandability challenges involve adapting to the increasing volume of media content and being able to support new media formats and outlets over time.
This document surveys trust architectures that leverage provenance in wireless sensor networks. It begins with background on provenance, which refers to the documented history or derivation of data. Provenance can be used to assess trust by providing metadata about how data was processed. The document then discusses challenges for using provenance to establish trust in wireless sensor networks, which have constraints on energy and computation. Finally, it provides background on trust, which is the subjective probability that a node will behave dependably. Trust architectures need to be lightweight to account for the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
This document discusses private equity investments in Kenya. It provides background on private equity and discusses trends in various regions. The objectives of the study discussed are to establish the extent of private equity adoption in Kenya, identify common forms of private equity utilized, and determine typical exit strategies. Private equity can involve venture capital, leveraged buyouts, or mezzanine financing. Exits allow recycling of capital into new opportunities. The document provides context on private equity globally and in developing markets like Africa to frame the goals of the study.
This document discusses a study that analyzes the financial health of the Indian logistics industry from 2005-2012 using Altman's Z-score model. The study finds that the average Z-score for selected logistics firms was in the healthy to very healthy range during the study period. The average Z-score increased from 2006 to 2010 when the Indian economy was hit by the global recession, indicating the overall performance of the Indian logistics industry was good. The document reviews previous literature on measuring financial performance and distress using ratios and Z-scores, and outlines the objectives and methodology used in the current study.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
Use of 2 ethoxy(4 h)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a precursor
1. Chemical and Process Engineering Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-7467 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0913 (Online)
Vol 2, 2012
Use of 2-Ethoxy(4H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a Precursor for
Synthesis of Quinazoline and Quinazolinone Starting Materials
Maher A El-Hashash, Sameh A Rizk, Fakhry A El-Bassiouny
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
Khalid M Darwish
Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Garyounis, Benghazi, Libya
Corresponding Author: khaliddarwish1962@yahoo.com, Tel. +201113049976
Abstract:
The interactions of 2-ethoxy(4H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (1) with various nitrogen nucleophiles such as
ammonium acetate, hydrazine hydrate, ethanolamine, p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, o-
tolidine, dapsone, 2-aminophenol, 4-aminophenol, 4-aminobenzoic acid and 2-aminonicotinic acid have
been discussed. The reactions of 2-thoxy-(3H)-quinazolin-4-one with ethyl chloroformate, phosphorus
pentasulfide, chloroacetyl chloride and phosphorus oxychloride have also been investigated. Similar
reactions of 2-ethoxy-4-chloroquinazoline with hydrazine hydrate and thiosemicarbazide have been
introduced. Aminolysis of the 2-ethoxy group in some of the thiadiazoloquinazolinone derivatives has been
attempted. The interactions of these aminolized derivatives and the 3-aminoquinazolinone with
chloroacetyl chloride have been studied. All of the synthesized derivatives have been used in a wide range
as starting materials for the synthesis of novel quinazoline and/or quinazolinones which have biological
activity. The structures of all these products, obtained by heterocyclic ring opening and ring closure, were
inferred by the IR, MS, 1H NMR spectral as well as elemental analyses.
Keywords: Aminothiadiazole, Benzoxazin-4-one, N-nucleophile, quinazoline, quinazolin-4-one,
thiosemicarbazide.
1. Introduction
3,1-Benzoxazin-4-ones can be considered as semiacid anhydrides which undergo many of the reactions of
true acid anhydrides, but at a slower rate. This special reactivity allows this class of compounds to be
useful as antimicrobial (Mathew et al 2010), anti-platelet aggregation (Pritchard et al 2007), human
leukocyte elastase inhibitors (Pei-Wen Hsieh et al 2005), receptor agonist active (Ward et al 2007),
receptor antagonist active (Deswal et al 2006, ohno et al 2006, Kern et al 2007, Powell et al 2007,
Bromidge et al 2009), pesticides (Shakil et al 2010), tissue culture protective and in vivo model of
neurodegeneration (Wang et al 2010) and improve the umbilical vein endothelial cells (Dong et al 2010).
On the other hand, in recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the chemistry of 4(3H)-
quinazolinones because of their biological importance. Many of them show antifungal (Bartroli et al 1998),
antibacterial (Shiba et al 1997), anticancer (Abdel-Hamid et al 1997), anti-inflammatory (Barker 1995),
anticonvulsant (Bekhit et al 1998), immunotropic (Gursoy et al 1995), hypolipidemic (Nawrocka et al
1997), antitumor (Kurogi et al 1996), antiulcer (Hame et al 1996), analgesic (Terashima et al 1995),
17
2. Chemical and Process Engineering Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-7467 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0913 (Online)
Vol 2, 2012
antiproliferative activities (Raffa et al 1999) and inhibitory effects (Baek et al 1998) for thymidylate
synthase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (Griffin et al 1998). The 4(3H)-quinazolinones can
act as semicyclic amides or iminols, due to the tautomeric phenomenon they have. Their reactions in
either form with alkyl or acyl halides are perhaps the most interesting due to the large number of
heterocycles that are obtained either directly or through further transformations of the initially
formed products. Also quinazolines are a big family of heterocyclic compounds, which have shown broad
variety of biological activity profiles (Jhone 1982, Brown 1996), e. g. analgesic, narcotic, diuretic,
antihypertensive, antimalarial, sedative, hypoglycaemic, antibiotic, antitumoral and many others. It has
been found (Armarego 1967) that the biological activity strongly depends on the type and place of the
substituents in their molecules. Out of the wide substitution patterns known, 4-aminoquinazolines are
useful as fungicides (Nakagami et al 1982, Haley 1994) anti-inflammatory (Palanki et al 1999, Myers et al
1998) anticancer (Baker 1999) anti-microbial and anti-hypertensive agents (Nauta 1976, Mizogami et al
1986). Some 4-anilinoquinazolines have found to be potential and highly selective inhibitors of human
immunoglobulin E (Berger et al 2001) and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (Bridges 2001)
which regulates the cell growth and proliferation, so they work as potent antiallergic or anticancer
agents, respectively. Among the broad synthetic pathways for aminoquinazoline preparation (Katritzky et
al 1996 and 2000) the substitution of chlorine atom in 4-chloroquinazolines by amines is the shortest and
cheapest one. On the other hand, it is well known that heterocycle-bearing N-glycosides play a significant
role as inhibitors, e. g. the tetrazole-bearing N-glycosides used as SGLT2 inhibitors (Gao et al 2010)
where their hypoglycemic activity is tested in vivo by mice oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In the
current article we report the synthesis of 4-aminoquinazoline-bearing N-glycosides in a similar way with
exception of the endocyclic 2°nitrogen atom attached to the glucose moiety.
2. Results and Discussion
In this paper we used the 2-ethoxy(4H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (1) to synthesize novel quinazoline and
quinazolinone derivatives having active functional groups which make their parent compounds important to
be used as starting materials for novel derivatives. This advantage will be revealed by the functional group
(or groups) residing on position 2 of the benzoxazinone ring, on positions 2 and 3 of the quinazolin-4-one
ring and positions 2 and 4 of the quinazoline ring. Thus, the fusion of compound 1 with ammonium
acetate gave the quinazolin-4-one 4 (Scheme 1).
O O
O NH4 OAc NH
o OEt
N OEt oil bath, 190 C, 2 h N
1 2
Scheme 1 : synthetic pathway for compound 2
The structure of compound 2 was inferred by its 1H NMR spectrum that showed a singlet at δ 12.30 which
is attributable for NH group.
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Compound 1 reacted with hydrazine hydrate in boiling ethanol to give 3-aminoquinazolinone 3 (Scheme 2).
O O
NH2
O N2H4 . H2O N
Reflux, ethanol, 2 h OEt
N OEt N
1 3
Scheme 2 : synthetic pathway for compound 3
The structure of compound 3 was assigned by its 1H NMR spectrum that showed a singlet at δ 2.00 which
is attributable for amino group.
Compound 1 was interacted with 2-aminoethanol in boiling ethanol to afford compound 4 which on heating
above its melting point (120-121 º yielded the desired product 4a (Scheme 3).
C)
O - O
COO
H OH
H 2NCH 2CH 2OH - H 2O N
O +
Reflux, ethanol, 3 h N N-CH2CH2OH
N OEt N OEt
H OEt
1 4, amidine salt 4a
Scheme 3: Synthetic pathway for compounds 4 and 4a
The elemental analyses and spectroscopic data for 4 and 4a were consistent with the assigned structures and
isolation of 4 ruled out an abnormal nucleophilic addition to C-2 to form an amidine salt that subsequently
dehydrates to give the desired product 4a (Dong et al 2010).
Compound 1 was reacted with p-phenylenediamine in boiling ethanol affording compound 5 (Scheme 4).
NH2
O O
H2N NH2
O N
Reflux, ethanol, 2 h OEt
N OEt N
1 5
Scheme 4 : synthetic pathway for compound 5
The structure of 5 was confirmed by microanalytical and spectral analysis.
Compound 1 was reacted with o-phenylenediamine in warming ethanol affording compound 6 (Scheme 5).
Heating compound 6 above its melting point afforded compound 6a with traces of compound 6b.
NH2
H2N
O H2N O N O
O N Reflux, 3 h N N
+
Warming, ethanol NH
N OEt N OEt N OEt
15 minutes N
1 6 6a 6b
S cheme 5 : synthetic pathway for compounds 6, 6a and 6b
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The 1H NMR spectrum of 6a devoid any band for the carbonyl group whereas the 1H NMR of 6b devoid
any band for the ethoxy group.
Compound 1 was reacted with o-tolidine in boiling ethanol to give compound 7 (Scheme 6).
CH3
NH2
O H3C CH3
H2N NH2 H3C
O O
Reflux, ethanol, 3 h
N OEt N
1 7
N OEt
S cheme 6 : synthetic pathway for compound 7
The structure of compound 7 was assigned by its mass spectrum and elemental analysis.
Compound 1 was reacted with dapsone in boiling ethanol to give compound 8 (Scheme 7).
NH2
O O O
H2N S NH2 S
O O O
O
N OEt Reflux, ethanol, 3 h
N
1 N OEt 8
Scheme 7 : synthetic pathway for compound 8
The structure of compound 8 was assigned by its mass spectrum and elemental analysis.
Compound 1 was reacted with 2-aminophenol in boiling ethanol to give compound 9 (Scheme 8).
NH2 HO
O HO O
O N
Reflux, 3 h
N OEt N OEt
1 9
Scheme 8 : synthetic pathway for compounds 9
Compound 1 was reacted with 4-aminophenol in boiling ethanol to give compound 10 (Scheme 9).
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OH
O O
H2N OH
O N
Reflux, 3 h
N OEt N OEt
1 10
S cheme 9 : synthetic pathway for compounds 10
The structures of compounds 9 and 10 were confirmed by microanalytical and spectral analysis.
Compound 1 was reacted with 4-aminobenzoic acid in boiling ethanol to give compound 11 (Scheme 10).
COOH
O O
H2N COOH
O N
Reflux, 3 h
N OEt N OEt
1 11
Scheme 10 : synthetic pathway for compounds 11
Compound 1 was reacted with 2-aminonicotinic acid in boiling ethanol to give compound 12 (Scheme 11).
HOOC
O COOH O
O N NH2 N N
Reflux, 3 h
N OEt N OEt
1 12
S cheme 11 : synthetic pathway for compounds 12
The structures of products 11 and 12 were inferred by microanalytical and spectral analysis. The IR spectra
for 11 and 12 showed absorption bands in the range 1704-1705 attributable to υmax of C=O groups of acids.
Compound 2 was reacted with ethyl chloroformate in dry pyridine to give compound 13 (Scheme 12).
O O O
NH ClCOOEt N OEt
o
Pyridine/ 0 C
N OEt N OEt
2 13
Scheme 12 : synthetic pathway for compounds 13
The IR spectrum devoid any band of NH but rather revealed an absorption band at 1762 attributable to υmax
of C=O group of ester.
Compound 2 was reacted with phosphorus pentasulfide in dry xylene to give compound 14 (Scheme 13).
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O S
NH P 2S 5 NH
Xylene/ reflux 8 h
N OEt N OEt
2 14
S cheme 13 : synthetic pathway for compounds 14
The IR spectrum devoid any band of C=O in the carbonyl region but rather revealed an absorption band at
1319 attributable to υmax of C=S group.
Compound 2 was reacted with phosphorus oxychloride in water bath to give compound 15 (Scheme 14).
O Cl
NH POCl3 N
water bath/ 3 h
N OEt N OEt
2 15
S cheme 14 : synthetic pathway for compounds 15
The IR spectrum devoid any band of C=O in the carbonyl region.
Compound 15 was reacted with hydrazine hydrate in boiling ethanol to give compound 16 (Scheme 15).
NH2
Cl HN
N N2H4 . H2O N
Ethanol / reflux, 3 h
N OEt N OEt
15 16
Scheme 15 : synthetic pathway for compounds 16
The IR spectrum revealed an absorption band in the range 3250-3300 attributable to υmax of NH2 group.
Compound 15 was heated with thiosemicarbazide in AcOH / fused NaOAc to give product 17 (Scheme 16).
S
NH
Cl HN NH 2
N H2NC(S)NHNH 2 N
Acetic acid/ reflux, 3h
N OEt N OEt
15 17
Scheme 16 : synthetic pathway for compounds 17
The IR spectrum revealed an absorption band at 1381 attributable to υmax of C=S group.
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Compound 1 was heated with thiadiazole derivatives in boiling AcOH/fused NaOAc affording compounds
18a-c (Scheme 17).
O O N N 18a : R = - C 6H5
AcOH N R
18b : R = -CH=CH - C6H5
O N N S
+ O
fused NaOAc
N OEt NH2 S R N OCH 2 CH3
18c: R = -CH 2 N
1 18a - c O
Scheme 17 : synthetic pathway for compounds 18a-c
The structures of 18a-c were assigned by their mass spectra and elemental analysis.
Compounds 18a-c were fused with ammonium acetate or formamide to give products 19a-c (Scheme 18).
O N N O N N
19a : R = - C 6H5
HCONH2
N S R N S R 19b : R = -CH=CH - C6H5
fusion / 2 h O
N OEt N NH2
19c : R = -CH 2 N
18a - c 19a-c O
Scheme 18 : synthetic pathway for compounds 19a-c
The 1H NMR spectrum devoid any band of ethoxy group.
Compounds 19a-c were reacted with chloroacetyl chloride in pyridine to give products 20a-c (Scheme 19).
O N N
O N N ClCH2COCl 20a : R = - C 6H 5
Pyridine N S R
N S R
O 20b : R = -CH=CH - C 6H5
stiring at r.t. Cl O
N NH
N NH2
20c : R = -CH 2 N
19a - c 20a-c
O
Scheme 19 : synthetic pathway for compounds 20a-c
Compound 3 was reacted with chloroacetyl chloride in pyridine to give compound 21 (Scheme 20).
O O
NH2 NH O
N ClCH2COCl N
Pyridine / r.t. OEt Cl
N OEt N
3 21
S cheme 20 : synthetic pathway for compound 21
The 1H NMR spectra for 20 and 21 always revealed singlets at δ 8.00 and 8.11 for the amidicNH.
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Experimental
All melting points recorded are uncorrected. The IR spectra were recorded on a Pye Unicam SP1200
spectrophotometer using KBr wafer technique. The 1H-NMR spectra were determined on a Varian FT-200,
Brucker AC-200 MHz spectrophotometry experiment using TMS as an internal standard. Chemical shifts
(δ) are expressed in ppm. The mass spectra were determined using MP model NS-5988 and Shimadzu
single focusing mass spectrometer (70 eV).
The 2-ethoxy(4H) –3,1–benzoxazin–4–one 1 was prepared according to methods available in the literature
(Krantz et al 1990) and was immediately used after preparation, prior to each synthesis to avoid moisture .
2- Ethoxy-4(3H)quinazolinone 2. 2-ethoxy(4H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (0.01 mol) and ammonium acetate
(0.01 mol) were fused using an oil bath for 2 h. The mixture was poured into an ice / water mixture and
stirred. The yellowish white precipitate that separated out was filtered, washed, dried, and then crystallized
from ethanol to give off-white crystals of compound 2. M.p. 155-156º yield 85 %; Anal. for C10H10N2O2
C;
(m.wt. 190); Found: C, 63.16; H, 5.26; N, 14.74; Calcd: C, 63.22; H, 5.18; N, 14.72; IR υ (cm-1) 1671
(C=O), 3229 (NH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 190 (58%); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.19 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3, J
= 7.4 Hz), 4.29 (q, 2H; OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 7.31-8.17 (4d, 4H; ArH), 12.30 (br s, 1H, NH).
3-Amino-2-ethoxyquinazolin-4(3H)-one 3. 2-ethoxy-4H-3,1- benzoxazin-4-one (0.01 mol) was heated
under reflux with hydrazine hydrate (0.02 mol) in ethanol (20 mL) for 3 h. The mixture was cooled, filtered
off and crystallized from ethanol as off-white needles; yield 68 %; m.p. 172-173 ° Anal. for C10H11N3O2
C.
(m.w. 205); Found: C, 58.59; H, 5.42; N, 20.56; Calcd: C, 58.53; H, 5.37; N, 20.49; IR υ (cm-1) 1671
(C=O), 1528 (C=N); 3389 (NH); 3443 (CH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 205 (78.3); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ
1.14 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3), 4.33 (q, 2H; OCH2CH3), 7.29-8.19 (m, 4H; ArH), 2.0 (s, NH, amine).
Synthesis of Compounds 4 and 4a
A mixture of compound 1 and ethanolamine (0.01mol each) in boiling ethanol (30 mL) was refluxed for 3h.
Concentration of the solvent left a white precipitate of compound 4 which was crystallized from ethanol to
affording off-white crystals. Heating of 4 above its melting point yielded the corresponding product 4a.
2-Ethoxycarbonylamino(β-hydroxyethyl)benzamide 4. Yellowish white crystals from ethanol; m.p. 120-121
º yield 80 %; Anal. for C12H16N2O4 (m.w. 252); Found: C, 57.21; H, 6.29; N, 11.13; Calcd: C, 57.14;
C;
H, 6.35; N, 11.11; IR υ (cm-1) 1636 (C=O), 1737 (C=O), 3069 (CH), 3130 (NH), 3342 (OH); MS: m/z (int.
%) [M+H]+ 252 (42.3).
2-Ethoxy–3-(2-hydroxyethyl)quinazolin–4–one 4a.
Light brown crystals; m.p. 108-109 º yield 75 %; Anal. for C12H14N2O3 (m.w. 234); Found: C, 61.05; H,
C;
5.98; N, 12.03; Calcd: C, 61.54; H, 5.98; N, 11.97; IR υ (cm-1) 1660 (C=O), 3340 (OH). MS: m/z (int. %)
[M+H]+ 234 (58.0), 236 (12.8), 190 (100), 192 (22.3); 174 (22.3), 176 (12.4); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.19
(t, 3H; OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.52 (m, 2H, 2'-H), 4.32 (q, 2H; OCH2CH3, J = 7.4Hz), 4.13 (m, 1H, 1'-H),
5.72 (s, br., OH), 7.41- 8.16 (4 d, 4H; ArH).
2-Ethoxy-3-(4-aminophenyl)quinazolin-4-one 5. A mixture of compound 1 (0.01 mol) and p-phenylene
diamine (0.01 mol) in boiling ethanol (30 mL) was refluxed for 3 h. Concentration of the solution gave a
solid which was filtered, washed, dried and then crystallized from ethanol to give blue crystals of product 5;
m.p. 105-106 º yield 80 %. Anal. for C16H12N3O2 (m.w. 278); Found: C, 69.22; H, 4.16; N, 15.08; Calcd:
C;
C, 69.06; H, 4.32; N, 15.10; IR υ (cm-1) 1635 (C=N), 1670 (C=O), 3225 (NH). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+
278 (55.0), 280 (18.2), 191 (100), 193 (31.7), 175 (32.1), 177 (0.8), 157 (4.7), 159 (0.6), 130 (52.4), 132
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(0.3), 93 (0.9), 95 (0.1), 78 (0.2), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3, J = 6.9 Hz), 4.35
(q, 2H; OCH2CH3 J = 6.9Hz), 5.12 (s, 2H, NH2), 6.70-7.43 (m, 4H; Ph-H), 7.47-8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolone).
Reactions of Compound 1 with o-phenylene diamine:
A mixture of compound 1 and o-phenylenediamine (0.01 mol each) was slightly warmed in ethanol (30 mL)
for 15 min. The precipitate that separated out was filtered, washed, dried and then crystallized from ethanol
to give light blue crystals of product 6. Heating product 6 above its melting point gave dark blue residue of
unstable melting point. Crystallization of the residue, using different ratios of benzene/ethanol, enabled the
products 6a and 6b to be isolated. The purity of products was checked by different melting points and TLC.
3-(2-aminophenyl)-2-ethoxyquinazolin-4(3H)-one 6. M.p. 105-106 º yield 80 %. Anal. for C16H12N3O2
C;
(m.w. 278); Found: C, 69.22; H, 4.16; N, 15.08; Calcd: C, 69.06; H, 4.32; N, 15.10; IR υ (cm-1) 1635
(C=N), 1670 (C=O), 3225 (NH). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 278 (55.0), 280 (18.2), 191 (100), 193 (31.7),
175 (32.1), 177 (0.8), 157 (4.7), 159 (0.6), 130 (52.4), 132 (0.3), 93 (0.9), 95 (0.1), 78 (0.2), 80 (0.1); 1H-
NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3, J = 6.9 Hz), 4.36 (q, 2H; OCH2CH3 J = 6.9 Hz), 5.24 (s, 2H,
NH2), 6.71-7.42 (m, 4H; Ph-H), 7.29-8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolinone).
2-Ethoxy benzimidazolo-[1,2-c]quinazoline 6a. M.p. 191-192 º yield 85 %. Anal. for C16H13N3O (m.w.
C;
263); Found: C, 73.02; H, 4.94; N, 15.98; Calcd: C, 73.00; H, 4.94; N,15.97; IR υ (cm-1) 1607 (C=N). MS:
m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 263 (66.0), 265 (17.3), 187 (44.8), 189 (4.8), 175 (28.4), 177 (11.1), 157 (3.3), 159
(0.1), 130 (78.9), 132 (12.4), 78 (2.4), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.1
Hz), 4.31 (q, 2H; OCH2CH3 J = 7.1), 7.52-7.92 (m, 4H, benzimidazole), 7.62-8.55 (2m, 4H; quinazoline).
Benzimidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(1H)-one 6b. M.p. 202-203 º yield 23 %. Anal. for C14H9N3O (m.w.
C;
235); Found: C, 71.56; H, 3.85; N, 17.91; Calcd: C, 71.49; H, 3.83; N, 17.87; IR υ (cm-1) 1607 (C=N). MS:
m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 235 (26.0), 237 (1.8); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 7.52-7.92 (m, 4H, PhH), 7.62-8.55 (2m,
4H; quinazoline), 6.88 (br s, 1 H, NH).
2-Ethoxy-3-(3,3'-dimethyl-4-amino)biphenyl quinazolin-4-one 7. A mixture of benzoxazinone 1 and 3,3'-
dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldiamine (0.01 mol each) in boiling butanol (30 mL) was heated under reflux for 6 h.
The solvent was concentrated leaving a solid gum which was washed, filtered, dried and then recrystallized
from ethanol giving product 7 as dark brown crystals; m.p. 121-122 º yield 80 %; Anal. for C24H23N3O2
C;
(m.w. 385); Found: C, 74.53; H, 5.63; N, 10.79; Calcd: C, 74.80; H, 5.97; N, 10.90; IR υ (cm-1) 1620
(C=N), 1675 (C=O), 3250 (NH). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 385 (72.0), 387 (34.2), 228 (13.3), 230 (1.2),
198 (12.7), 200 (0.1), 194 (16.1), 196 (0.4), 191 (100), 193 (24.8), 175 (53.3), 177 (8.7), 157 (7.1), 159
(1.4), 154 (1.2), 156 (0.2), 130 (46.3), 132 (0.1), 78 (0.3), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H;
-OCH2CH3, J = 6.9 Hz), 2.21- 2.29 (s, 6H; 2ArCH3), 4.40 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3 J = 6.9 Hz), 5.08 (2H, s,
NH2), 6.90-7.80 (m, 6H; biphenyl-H), 7.33-8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolinone).
3-[4-(4-aminobenzenesulfonyl)phenyl]-2-ethoxyquinazolin-4(3H)-one 8. Benzoxazinone 1 (0.01 mol) was
dissolved in 20 ml of ethanol and then dapsone (0.03 mol) was added to it. The mixture was refluxed for 4h
and cooled. The separated solid 8 was crystallized from ethanol as colorless crystals; m.p. 144-146oC; yield
61%; Anal. For C22H19N3O4S (m.w. 421); Found: C, 62.77; H, 4.53; N, 99. 86; Calcd: C, 62.71; H, 4.51; N,
99.77; IR υ (cm-1) 1162 (S=O), 1631 (C=N), 1764 (C=O), 3230 (NH). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 421 (12.0);
119 (100); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 6.9 Hz), 4.47 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3 J = 6.9
Hz), 5.08 (2H, s, NH2), 7.30-8.20 (m, 4H, quinazolinone), 7.22-8.35 (m, 8H; Ar-H).
Synthesis of compounds 9 and 10
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A mixture of compound 1 and o-hydroxyaniline or p-hydroxyaniline (0.01 mol each) in 40 mL of boiling
ethanol was refluxed for 3 h. The obtained precipitate was heated in a round bottom flask (25 mL) in an
oil bath at 160 º for 30 minutes. After cooling the products were crystallized from the proper
C
solvent to give the corresponding quinazolinones 9 and 10, respectively.
2-Ethoxy-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)quinazolin-4-one 9. Dark brown crystals from light petroleum (100-120 º C);
m.p. 89-90 º yield 80 %; Anal. for C16H14N2O3 (m.w. 284); Found: C, 67.31; H, 4.73; N, 9.89; Calcd:
C;
C, 67.60; H, 4.93; N, 9.86; IR υ (cm-1) 1669 (C=O), 2988 (OH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 284 (48.0), 286
(6.3), 191 (100), 193 (43.3), 175 (18.2), 177 (0.1), 157 (4.7), 159 (1.2), 130 (67.1), 132 (6.3); 1H-NMR
(DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.36 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3 J = 7.4 Hz), 5.55 (s, H; OH),
6.76 – 7.67 (m, 4H; Ph-H), 7.30 – 8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolinone).
2-Ethoxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)quinazolin-4-one 10. Dark brown crystals from benzene; m.p. 105-106 º C;
yield 80 %; Anal. for C16H14N2O3 (m.w. 284); Found: C, 67.42; H, 4.70; N, 9.81; Calcd: C, 67.60; H, 4.93;
N, 9.86; IR υ (cm-1) 1671(C=O), 2992 (OH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 284 (43.0), 286 (16.3), 191 (100),
193 (52.3), 175 (20.8), 177 (0.1), 157 (4.3), 159 (0.5), 130 (57.4), 132 (7.9); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22
(t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.35 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3 J = 7.4 Hz), 5.35 (s, H; OH), 6.68-7.69 (m, 4H;
Ph-H), 7.43–8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolinone).
4-[2-Ethoxy-4-quinazolon-3-yl]benzoic acid 11. A mixture of compound 1 (0.01 mol) and p-aminobenzoic
acid in boiling butanol (30 mL) was refluxed for 3 h. Concentration of the solution gave a solid which was
washed, filtered, dried and then crystallized from ethanol affording derivatives 11 as light brown crystals of
m.p. 151-152 º yield 80 %; Anal. for C17H14N2O4 (m. w. 310); Found: C, 65.44; H, 4.72; N, 9.00; Calcd:
C;
C, 65.80; H, 4.52; N, 9.03; IR υ (cm-1) 1675, 1705 (2xC=O), 3355 (chelated OH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+
310 (63.0), 312 (28.2), 191 (100), 193 (27.8), 175 (34.3), 177 (0.6), 130 (59.3), 132 (0.2), 122 (1.8), 124
(0.2), 78 (0.1), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3, J = 6.9Hz), 4.36 (q, 2H;OCH2CH3,
J = 6.9 Hz), 7.40-8.00 (m, 4H; PhH), 7.43-8.19 (m, 4H, quinazolinone), 10.6 (1H, acid proton).
2-[2-Ethoxy-4-oxoquinazolin-384H)-yl]pyridine-3-caboxylic acid 12. A mixture of benzoxazinone 1 (0.01
mol) and 2–aminonicotinic acid (0.01 mol) in boiling butanol (30 mL) was refluxed for 6 h. Concentrating
the solution gave a solid which was washed, filtered, dried and then crystallized from ethanol affording the
quinazolinone 12 as brown crystals; m.p. 298-300º yield 80 %; Anal. for C16H13N3O4 (m.w. 311); Found:
C;
C, 61.58; H, 4.26; N, 13.20; Calcd: C, 61.74; H, 4.18; N, 13.50; IR υ (cm-1) 1669, 1704 (2xC=O), 3255
(chelated OH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 311 (36.0), 313 (19.5), 191 (100), 193 (28.6), 175 (61.8), 177
(7.6), 157 (5.2), 159 (1.1), 130 (58.2), 132 (0.6), 123 (0.7), 125 (0.2), 79 (0.7), 81 (0.1) ; 1H-NMR (DMSO-
d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 6.9 Hz), 4.37 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3 J = 6.9 Hz), 7.44 - 8.20 (m, 4H;
quinazolinone), 6.97, 7.87, 8.41 (m, 3H; H-4, H-5, H-6, pyridine moiety).
3-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxyquinazolin-4-one 13. Compound 2 (0.01 mol) was heated under refluxed with
ethyl chloroformate (0.01 mol) in 50 mL of dry pyridine for 4h. The excess solvent was distilled off and the
solution was left to cool and then poured onto ice with stirring to obtain a crude product, which was filtered
off, thoroughly washed with cold water, dried and crystallized from benzene affording products 13 as white
crystals; m.p. 177-178 º yield 92 %. Anal. for C13H14N2O4 (m.w. 262); Found: C, 59.65; H, 5.39; N,
C;
10.68; Calcd: C, 59.54; H, 5.34; N, 10.69; IR υ (cm-1) 1672, 1762 (2 C=O); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 262
(88.5); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.19 (t, 3H, -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.15 (t, 3H, CH3, COOCH2CH3), 4.24
(q, 2H, CH2, COOCH2CH3), 4.34 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 7.43-8.17 (m, 4H, ArH).
2-Ethoxy-4(3H)quinazolin-4-thione 14. A solution of compound 2 and P2S5 (0.03 mol each) in dry xylene
(50 mL) was boiled for 6 h. The reaction mixture was filtered while hot and then concentrated. The product
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separated on cooling was crystallized from ethanol to give the product 14. Brown crystals of m.p. 137-138
º yield 65 %. Anal. for C10H10N2OS (m.w. 206); Found: C, 58.15; H, 4.81; N, 13.52; S, 15.53; Calcd: C,
C;
58.25; H, 4.85; N, 13.59; S, 15,53; IR υ (cm-1) 1319 (C=S), 1597 (C=N), 3137 (NH); MS: m/z (int. %)
[M+H]+ 206 (55.7); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.19 (t, 3H, -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.39 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3,
J = 7.4 Hz), 7.29-7.67 (m, 4H, ArH), 12.3 (br s, 1H, NH).
4-Chloro-2-ethoxyquinazoline 15. A solution of 2-ethoxy-4(3H)quinazolinone 1 (0.01 mol) in phosphorus
oxychloride (20 mL) was heated on a water bath at 70 ° for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled and
C
diluted with ice/water and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and recrystallized from CHCl3
chloroform giving product 15 as light brown crystals; m.p. 180-182 º yield 85 %. Anal. For C10H9N2OCl
C;
(m.w. 208.5); Found: C, 57.45; H, 4.31; N, 13.42; Cl, 17.00; Calcd: C, 57.55; H, 4.30; N, 13.43; Cl, 17.02;
IR υ (cm-1) 1622 (C=N); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 208.5 (57.9); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.19 (t, 3H,
OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.19 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 7.49-8.86 (m, 4H, ArH).
2-Ethoxyquinazolin-4-ylhydrazine 16. An emulsion of product 15 (0.01mol) and hydrazine hydrate (0.05
mol) in benzene (15 mL) was stirred for 2 h. The benzene-insoluble gum obtained was treated and washed
with water, dried and crystallized from ethanol giving reddish brown crystals of product 16. Yield 68 %; m.
p. 156-158 ° Anal. for C10H12N4O (M. wt. 204); Found: C, 58.86; H, 5.78; N, 27.45; Calcd: C, 58.82;
C.
H, 5.88; N, 27.45; IR υ (cm-1) 1620 (C=N), 3160(NH), 3250, 3300 (NH2); MS: m/z [M+H]+ 204; 1H-NMR
(DMSO-d6) δ 1.18 (t, 3H, CH3 of ethoxy J = 7.4 Hz), 4.17 (q, 2H, CH2 of ethoxy J = 7.4 Hz), 7.40 - 8.06
(m, 4H, ArH), 8.65 (br. s, 3H, NH and NH2).
4-(2-Ethoxyquinazolin-4-yl)thiosemicarbazide 17. A mixture of the quinazoline 15 and thiosemicarbazide
(0.01 mol each) was heated under reflux in acetic acid / fused sodium acetate (30 mL / 2 g) for 3 h. Pouring
the solution onto ice/water left a white solid which was filtered, washed with water, dried and recrystallized
from ethanol giving white crystals of compound 17; yield 74 %; m.p. 128 -130 º Anal. for C11H13N5OS
C.
(m.wt. 263); Found: C, 53.38; H, 5.19; N, 28.39; Calcd: C, 53.44; H, 5.26; N, 28.34; IR υ (cm-1) 1381
(C=S), 1620 (C=N), 3418, 3250 (NH and NH2). MS: m/z [M+H]+ 263 (77%). 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.20
(t, 3H; CH3 of ethoxy J = 7.2 Hz), 4.15 (q, 2H; CH2 of ethoxy J = 7.2), 7.44-8.06(4d, 4H, ArH), 8.41 - 9.34
(2 br. s, 4H, 2NH and NH2).
Synthesis of Compounds 18a-c
A mixture of compound 1 (0.01 mol) and the aminothiadiazole derivatives 2-phenyl-5-aminothiadiazole, 2-
cinnamyl-5-aminothiadiazole and 2-phthalimidomethyl-5-aminothiadiazole (0.01 mol) was heated under
reflux in boiling acetic acid / fused sodium acetate (30 mL / 2 g) for 3 h. The solution was poured into an
ice / water mixture, stirred and left to settle down affording a white solid. The resulting solid was filtered,
washed, dried and finally recrystallized from the proper solvent affording the derivatives 18a-c.
5-[2-Ethoxy-quinazolone-3-yl]-2-phenylthiadiazole 18a. Brown crystals from DMF; m.p. 172-173 º C;
yield 85 %. Anal. for C18H14N4O2 S (m.w. 350); Found: C, 61.88; H, 4.04; N, 16.08; S, 9.17; Calcd: C,
61.71; H, 4.00; N, 16.00; S, 9.14. IR υ (cm-1) 1630 (C=N), 1669 (C=O). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 350
(78.0), 352 (31.1), 191 (100), 193 (23.7), 157 (4.4), 159 (0.1), 175 (49.5), 177 (9.7), 162 (38.2), 164 (3.6),
130 (61.2), 132 (4.1), 103 (1.8), 105 (0.2), 78 (0.7), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.22 (t, 3H; -
OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.40 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.41 - 7.94 (m, 5H, Ph-H), 7.44 - 8.20 (m,
4H, quinazolinone).
5-[2-Ethoxy-quinazolone-3-yl]-2-cinnamylthiadiazole 18b. Brown crystals from DMF; m.p. 289-290
º yield 85 %. Anal. for C20H16N4O2 S (m.w. 376); Found: C, 68.99; H, 4.72; N, 16.00; S, 9.03; Calcd:
C;
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C, 68.97; H, 4.60; N, 16.09; S, 9.20. IR υ (cm-1) 1633 (C=N), 1689 (C=O). MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+
376 (72.0), 378 (14.9), 191 (100), 193 (17.5), 188 (14.2), 190 (3.1), 175 (48.2), 177 (12.7), 157 (5.7), 159
(0.2), 130 (67.1), 132 (1.8), 129 (0.8), 131 (0.2), 122 (1.3), 124 (0.1), 78 (0.6), 80 (0.1). 1H-NMR (DMSO-
d6) δ 1.23 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.43 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz); 7.42- 8.20 (4d, 4H,
quinazolinone), 7.35 - 7.45 (m, 5H, Ph-H), 7.20, 7.47 (2d, 2H, J = 15.8 Hz, olefinic-H).
5-[2-Ethoxyquinazolone-3-yl]-2-phthalamidomethylthiadiazole 18c. Brown crystals from DMF; m.p.
303-304 º yield 85 %. Anal. for C21H15N5O4 S (m.w. 433); found: C, 58.72; H, 3.66; N, 16.31; S, 7.42;
C;
Calcd: C, 58.20; H, 3.46; N, 16.17; S, 7.39. IR υ (cm-1) 1631 (C=N), 1670, 1727, 1776 (3xC=O). MS: m/z
(int. %) [M+H]+ 433 (58.0), 435 (22.8), 245 (36.4), 247 (3.4), 191 (100), 193 (56.1), 186 (78.0), 188 (12.7),
175 (30.1), 177 (8.1), 157 (3.2), 159 (0.1), 147 (8.3), 149 (0.3), 130 (48.3), 132 (6.4), 122 (4.5), 124
(0.2), 78 (0.3), 80 (0.1); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.21 (t, 3H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.48 (q, 2H;
-OCH2CH3, J = 7.1 Hz), 5.16 (s, 2H; CH2, phthalimidomethyl), 7.32 - 7.86 (m, 4H, quinazolinone), 7.94
- 8.03 (m, 4H, phthalimido-H).
Synthesis of Compounds 19a-c
The quinazolinone thiadiazole derivative 18a-c was heated under reflux with formamide (0.01 mol each)
for 3 h. The mixture was poured onto ice/water mixture with stirring leaving a white material to separate
out and then begin to solidify forming gum. This material was washed with water, filtered and crystallized
from ethanol as off-white needles of 19a-c.
5-[2-Amino-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl]-2-phenylthiadiazole 19a. Yield 73 %, m.p. 243-245 ° Anal. for
C.
C18H14N4O2S (m.w. 350); Found: C, 61.76; H, 4.04; N, 16.02; S, 9.17; Calcd: C, 61.71; H, 4.00; N, 16.00;
S, 9.14; IR υ (cm-1) 1669 (C=O), 1531 (C=N); 3330 (NH); 3444 (CH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 350 (72.3);
1
H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 2.11 (s, 2H, NH2 ), 7.28-7.77 (m, 4H; quinazolinone), 7.41-7.93 (m, 5H; ph-H).
5-[2-Amino-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl]-2-cinnamylthiadiazole 19b. Yield 78 %, m.p. 262-263 ° Anal.
C.
for C20H16N4O2S (m.w. 376); Found: C, 63.87; H, 4.27; N, 14.91; S, 8.53; Calcd: C, 63.83; H, 4.26; N,
14.89; S, 8.51; IR υ (cm-1) 1670 (C=O), 1529 (C=N); 3392 (NH); 3433 (CH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 376
(78.3); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 2.04 (s, NH, NH2), 7.20, 7.47 (2d, 2H, J = 15.8 Hz, olefinic-H), 7.34-7.44
(m, 5H, Ph-H), 7.30-7.77 (m, 4 H, quinazolinone).
2-{[5-(2-Amino-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] methyl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione 19c.
Yield 68 %, m.p. 272-273 ° Anal. for C19H12N6O3S (m.w. 404); Found: C, 56.49; H, 2.99; N, 20.83; S,
C.
7.95; Calcd: C, 56.44; H, 2.97; N, 20.79; S, 7.92; IR υ (cm-1) 1671, 1730, 1790 (3xC=O), 1528 (C=N);
3389 (NH); 3443 (CH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 404 (78.3); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 2.00 (s, 2H, NH2),
7.29-8.19 (m, 4H; ArH), 7.30-7.77 (m, 4 H, quinazolinone) .
Synthesis of Compounds 20a-c
Compound 19a-c (0.01 mol) was dissolved in 50 mL of dry toluene and cooled to 15 ° To this solution
C.
was added drop wise an equimolar amount of chloroacetyl chloride with frequent stirring. The temperature
of the reaction was brought slowly to room temperature an then the solution was heated under reflux for 4h.
The excess toluene was distilled off and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed repeatedly with dry
toluene, dried and crystallized from aqueous dioxane affording compounds 20a-c.
2-Chloro-N-[3-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl]acetamide 20a. White
crystals from dioxane; m.p. 163-164° yield 77 %. Anal. For C18H12ClN5O2S (m.w. 397.5); Found: C,
C,
54.38; H, 3.05; Cl, 8.96; N, 17.66; S, 8.08; Calcd: C, 54.34 ; H, 3.02; Cl, 8.93; N, 17.61; S, 8.05; IR υ
(cm-1) 3230 (N-H), 3023 (Ar-H), 2995 (CH2), 1668, 1699 (CO), 763 (CCl); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 397.5
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(68.4); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 4.41 (s, 2H, CH2Cl), 8.11 (s, 1H, NH), 7.38-7.93 (m, 4H, Ph-H) 7.21-8.19
(m, 4H, quinazolinone).
2-Chloro-N-(4-oxo-3-{5-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-
yl)acetamide 20b. White crystals from dioxane; m.p. 171-173° yield 81 %. Anal. For C20H14Cl N5O2S
C,
(m.w. 423.5); Found: C, 56.71; H, 3.33; Cl, 8.40; N, 16.55; S, 7.58; Calcd: C, 56.67 ; H, 3.31; Cl, 8.38; N,
16.53; S, 7.56; IR υ (cm-1) 3205 (N-H), 3010 (Ar-H), 2935 (CH2), 1666, 1694, (CO), 775 (CCl); MS: m/z
(int. %) [M+H]+ 423.5 (73.4); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 4.41 (s, 2H, CH2Cl),8.00 (s, 1H, NH), 7.20, 7.47 (2 d,
2 H, olefin-H), 7.28-7.45 (m, 4H, cinnamyl moiety), 7.27-8.14 (m, 4H, quinazolinone).
2-Chloro-N-(3-{5-[(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}-4-oxo-3,4-
dihydroquinazolin-2-yl)acetamide 20c. White crystals from dioxane; m.p. 179-181° yield 73 %. Anal. for
C,
C21H13ClN6O4S (m.w. 480.5); Found: C, 52.48; H, 2.74; Cl, 7.43; N, 14.57; S, 6.71; Calcd: C, 52.44 ; H,
2.71; Cl, 7.39; N, 14.48; S, 6.66; IR υ (cm-1) 3205 (N-H), 3010 (Ar-H), 2935 (CH2), 1666, 1694, 1776
(CO), 775 (CCl); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 480.5 (73.4); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 4.60 (s, 2H, CH2Cl), 8.00
(s, 1H, NH), 7.25-7.85 (m, 4H, quinazolinone), 7.96-8.03 (m, 4H, phthalimido moiety).
2-Chloro-N-(2-ethoxy-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamide 21. Compound 3 (0.01 mol) was dissolved in
50 mL of dry toluene and cooled to 15 ° C. To this solution was added drop wise an equimolar amount of
chloroacetyl chloride with frequent stirring. The temperature of the reaction was brought slowly to room
temperature and then the solution was heated under reflux for 4 h. The excess toluene was distilled off and
the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed repeatedly with dry toluene, dried and then crystallized from
aqueous dioxane as white crystals of compound 21, m.p. 149-151 ° yield 73 %. Anal. for C12H12Cl N3O3
C,
(m.w. 281.5); Found: C, 51.15; H, 4.26; N, 14.92; Cl, 12.61; Calcd: C, 51.22 ; H, 4.29; N, 14.99; Cl, 12.66;
IR υ (cm-1) 3205 (N-H), 3010 (ArC-H), 2935 (CH2), 1666, 1694 (CO), 1568, 1328 (CN), 775 (CCl); MS:
m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 281 (73.4); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.15 (t, 3H; OCH2CH3), 4.31 (s, 2H, CH2Cl), 4.43
(q, 2H; OCH2CH3), 8.0 (s, 1H, NH), 7.28-8.20 (m, 4H, ArH).
3-Chloroacetyl-2-ethoxyquinazolin-4-one 22. Compound 2 (0.01 mol) was refluxed with chloroacetyl
chloride (0.01 mol) in 50 mL of dry pyridine for 4 h. The excess solvent was distilled off and the solution
was left to cool and then poured onto ice with frequent stirring till a crude product was obtained. The latter
was filtered off, thoroughly washed with cold water, dried and crystallized from ethanol affording brownish
white crystals of derivative 8; m.p. 152-153 º yield 85 %. Anal. for C12H11N2O3Cl (m.w. 266.5); Found:
C;
C, 54.52; H, 5.69; N, 7.92; Cl, 13.32; Calcd: C, 54.54; H, 5.68; N, 7.95; Cl, 13.28; IR υ (cm-1) 1668, 1717
(2 C=O), 2823 (CH); MS: m/z (int. %) [M+H]+ 266.5 (77.3); 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 1.2 (t, 3H, -OCH2CH3,
J = 7.4 Hz), 4.36 (q, 2H; -OCH2CH3, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.29 (d, 2H, CH2Cl), 7.45-8.20 (m, 4H, ArH).
Acknowledgment
Thanks to the Chemistry Department of Ain-Shams University for assistance to carry out the pilot project.
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