The document discusses proteinuria, which refers to excretion of protein in urine over 150mg/24hours. Proteinuria can be caused by pre-renal, renal, or post-renal factors. Pre-renal causes include intravascular hemolysis or muscle injury. Renal causes include glomerular issues like glomerulonephritis or diabetes mellitus, or tubular issues like pyelonephritis. Post-renal causes include inflammation or neoplasms of the urinary tract. Symptoms of significant proteinuria include edema, hematuria, hypertension, and nephritic or nephrotic syndrome.

1. DR.N.MANJULA

3. • M/C performed lab tests.

6. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
CHEMICAL EXAMINATION
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION

7. VOLUME
COLOR
pH
APPEARANCE
ODOR
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

8. PROTEIN
GLUCOSE
KETONE
BLOOD
BILIRUBIN
BILE SALTS
RENAL
DISEASE

9. • Kidneys excrete 150mg/24hours.
• Includes proteins from plasma and proteins derived from
urinary tract.
• Proteinuria refers to excretion of urine more than
150mg/24hours.
• CAUSES:
• 1.PRE RENAL
• 2.RENAL
• 3.POST RENAL

10. PRE RENAL PROTEINURIA:
• INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS
• MUSCLE INJURY
• INFECTION
RENAL PROTEINURIA:
GLOMERULAR CAUSE:
• GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, MINIMAL CHANGE DISEASE,
DIABETES MELLITUS.
TUBULAR CAUSE:
• PYELONEPHRITIS, FANCONI SYNDROME.
POST RENAL PROTEINURIA:
• INFLAMMATION / NEOPLASM OF URINARY TRACT.

15. EDEMA
HEMATURI
A
HYPERTENSI
ON
NEPHRITI
C

16. EDEMA
Proteinuria
(> 3.5 g/24
hours)
Hypoalbuminaem
ia (< 30 g/L)
NEPHROTI
C

17. • AKA LIQUID BIOPSY OF URINARY TRACT.