We know a little but we try our best to make a presentation on UTI, like others we didn't go through details because a presentation should not be elaborated... so where we mention about some unknown or difficult term we give explanation about those during presentation. We are not professionals we are just beginner. _UODA (University Of Development Alternative)

1. WELCOME

2. PRESENTATION ON
URINARY TRACT INFECTION

3. Submitted To
SONGJUKTA CHAKRABORTY
LECTURER OF
UODA

4. Submitted By
MAKSUDA MUSTARI-031153001
ISRAT JAHAN RUMKY-031153003
SILVIA SHOMBA-031153004
AIRIN AKTER-031153012

5. Objectives
 UTI & Organs involved in UTI.
 Most important facts established in UTI with common
Pathogens.
 Serious infection associated with UTI.
 Drug Therapy.
 Prophylaxis for UTI with drugs.

6. UTI & Organs Involved in UTI
UTI – A UTI is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract when it
affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a bladder infection
(cystitis) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as
kidney infection (pyelonephritis).
Organs Involved in UTI –

7. Most Important facts to establish UTI &
Common Pathogens
 Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes - pus cells gives leading clues.
 Potentially pathogenic bacteria in Numbers sufficient to identify it as causative
agent causing infection.
Common Pathogens-
 Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
 Klebsiella pneumonia.
 Proteus mirabilus.
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 Streptococcus faecalis.
 Candida being a fungus can cause infections in Diabetic or Immunocompromised patients.

8. Serious infection associated with UTI
 Urethritis- painful urination and burning. Cloudiness appears in the
urine and blood found in urine.
 Cystitis- inflammation of the bladder, but known to patients as any
UTI. Infection caused by bacterial infection mainly E. coli. Women
mainly get this because of the shorter urethra, which puts it closer
to the anus where E.coli is found.
 Pyelonephritis- Acute infection of the kidneys caused by
progressively untreated cystitis.
 Chronic pyelonephritis - caused by chronic inflammation of renal
and tubular tissue with scarring and shrinkage secondary interstitial
fibrosis.

9. Drug Therapy
 BACTERIOSTATIC AGENT
Sulfonamides
Tetracycline
Nitrofurantoin
 URINARY ANTISEPTICS
Nalidixic acid
Methenamine mandelate
Nitrofurantoin
 BACTERICIDALAGENTS
Cotrimoxazole
Ampicillin
Extended spect. Penicillin.
 URINARY ACIDIFIERS
Tetracycline
 URINARY ALKALINIZERS
Cotrimoxazole

10. NITROFURANTOIN
 Rapid g.i. absorption, high urinary concentration.
 Bacteriostatic against common pathogens.
 Pseudomonas, proteus resistant.
 Not recommended for acute UTI.
 For ‘Chronic suppressive therapy’—
50-100 mg /day for several wks.
 Mainly useful for resistant infections, mixed infections, infections
associated with obstructive uropathy.

11. METHENAMINE MANDELATE
 Mandelic acid +methenamine
Formaldehyde (acid PH 5.5)
Active against g-ve pathogens & C.albicans
 Not effective in acute ,upper UTI, aginst proteus & pseudomonas

12. COTRIMOXAZOLE
 Highly potent and cost effective bactericidal combination used
against E.coli & proteus.
 Contraindicated in pregnancy.
 Successful in recurrent UTI in men (prostatic focus)
 Ineffective in renal insufficiency.

13. Prophylaxis for
UTI
 Women of child bearing age have
recurrent cystitis
 Catheterization or Instrumentation
 Indewelling catheters are placed
 Uncorrectable abnormalities of the
urinary tract
 Inoperable prostate enlargement.
Drugs for
Prophylaxis of UTI
The following drugs are given once daily
at bed time
 Cotrimoxazole
 Nitrofurantoin
 Norfloxacin
 Cephalexin

14. New Approaches
o A non-antibiotic approach for treating urinary tract infection, which
are often caused by E. coli. The approach, which involves so called
FimH antagonists, non-antibiotic compounds that would not
contribute to the growing problems of antibiotic resistance bacteria.
o Siderophore-based vaccine protects against E. coli infection.
o Battle of the bugs- chitason prevents recurrent UTI.

15. A Correlation Between UTIs &
Antibiotic Resistance
 UTIs are among the most common bacterial infection in women worldwide.
Upto 60% of all women suffer a UTI in their life time.
 Antibiotics usually the 1st line of treatment for UTIs, and women who have
frequent UTIs may even be prescribed low dose antibiotics regimes.
 Chronic over use of these drugs has increased antibiotic resistance at an
alarming rate globally.
 WHO cites a 50% resistance rate to one of the most widely used
antibiotics to treat UTIs.

17. THANK YOU