This document provides information about prepositions including their definition, types, and common uses. It discusses that prepositions show the relationship between nouns, pronouns, verbs, and adjectives. There are three types of prepositions - simple prepositions like "at" and "by", compound prepositions formed by combining a preposition with another part of speech, and phrase prepositions which are groups of words used as a preposition. The document also lists nine common relationships indicated by prepositions such as place, time, agency, manner, cause, possession, measure, contrast, and motive. Finally, it includes some pictorial illustrations of prepositions and their uses.

1. Prepositions
Gokhale Education Society’s
S.M.R.K. B.K. A.K. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Nasik-5.
Ms. Geetanjali Gitay
Assistant Professor
Dept. of English
CC English (LL)
F.Y.B.Com. Sem I
Unit 2

2. Prepositions
• A preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show in what relation
the person or thing denoted by it stands in regard to something else.
e.g. 1. There is a cow in the field. (Preposition joins noun to another noun.)
2. He is fond of tea. (Preposition joins noun to an adjective.)
3. The cat jumped off the chair. (Preposition joins noun to a verb.)
• The noun or pronoun which is used with a preposition is called its object.
•A preposition may have two or more objects.
e.g. The road runs over hills and planes.
• A preposition is usually placed before its object but sometimes follows it.
e.g. 1. Here is the watch that you asked for.
2. What are you looking at?

3. 1. Simple Prepositions
e.g. at, by, for, from, in , of, off, on, out, through, till, to, up, with.
2. Compound Prepositions
These are generally formed by prefixing a preposition to a Noun, Adjective or an
Adverb. (a= no, be= by)
e.g. about, above, across, admist, among, around, before,behind, below, beneath,beside,
between, beyond, outside, underneath, within, without.
3. Phrase Prepositions
These are formed of a group of words used with the force of a single preposition.
e.g. according to, in addition to, in place of, because of, along with, in addition to,
in spite of, in front of, in case of, in comparison to, with regard to etc.
Kinds of Prepositions

4. The following are some of the most common relations indicated by Prepositions:
1. Place.
e.g. went about the world, ran across the road, leaned against a wall, sit on the deck,
stood behind the wall, lies below the surface etc.
2. Time
e.g. After his dance, arrived before me, behind time, from 1st of April, on Monday,
throughout the year, towards morning, within a month.
3. Agency, instrumentality
e.g. Sell goods at auction, sent the parcel by post, was stunned by a blow, was destroyed
by fire, cut it with a knife.
4. Manner
e.g. Dying by inches, fought with courage, worked with sincerity, won with ease.
Relations Expressed by Prepositions

5. 5. Cause, Reason, Purpose
e.g. Laboured for the good of humanity, shivers with fever , medicine for cold.
6. Possession
e.g. The mosque of Omar, a man of means, a boy with red hair etc.
7. Measure, Standard ,Rate, Value
e.g. He charges interest at nine percent. I am taller than you by two inches.
8. Contrast, Concession.
e.g. After every effort, in spite of all his problems
9. Motive, Source, Origin
e.g. From what I know of him. He did it from gratitude.
Relations Expressed by Prepositions (ctnd)

6. Some Pictorial Illustrations of Prepositions

7. Some Pictorial Illustrations of Prepositions