Unit1 module1 em

Empowerment
Technologies
Prepared by:
Ms. Mishill D. Cempron, MIT

UNIT 1
Information and Communications Technology Today:
Development and Commonly Used Tools

Century Ago
 Alexander Graham Bell revolutionize the
communications field by inventing the telephone.
 Invention of telecommunications network to
support telephone services.
 Invention of Internet and mobile phones
These technologies and methodologies are now
collectively referred to as Information and
Communications Technology.

The fast development and improvement of
technology, especially in the fields of
electronics and telecommunications
- introduced high productivity
- ease in our daily activities

Electronic devices for everyday use
- desktop computer, mobile phones, laptop
computer
Applications and uses:
- entertainment such as playing games
- listening to music
- watching video clips
- sending electronic mails (emails)
- making calls
- sending text messages

Electronic devices for everyday use
Other applications and uses:
- productivity such as word processing,
spreadsheets, presentations, and
digital imagery.
- access online search engines

Information and Communications
Technology (ICT)
- is a dynamic field and its innovations
are endless.
- its applications are continuously
evolving and improving to cater and
ease human activities.

Learning outcomes:
-demonstrate an understanding of ICT in the
context of global communications for a specific
professional track.
-Compose an insightful reaction paper on the
nature of ICT in real-life context and social
and professional tracks
-Demonstrate the use of advanced tools and
techniques found in common productivity and
software applications in developing ICT content
for specific professional tracks.

Learning outcomes:
-Learn to manipulate text, graphic elements, and
images to create ICT content intended for an
online environment.
-Apply the techniques of image manipulation and
graphic design to create original or derivative
ICT content from existing images, texts, and
graphic elements for use in specific
professional tracks.
-Learn the principles and techniques of design
using online creation tools, platforms and

Learning outcomes:
-Apply the principles and techniques of design
using online creation tools, platforms, and
applications to create original or derivative
ICT content for use in specific professional
tracks.
-Develop an online portal or Web site
collaboratively to showcase and share existing
and previously developed content.

Empowerment
Technologies
Module 1:
Information and Communications Technology
Today

At the end of this module, students can:
1. Compare and contrast the nuances of varied online
platforms, sites and content to best achieve
specific class objectives or address situational
challenges.
2. State the events that led to the current
technologies, processes, and techniques used in
ICT.
3. Apply online strategy, security, ethics etiquette
standards and practices in the use of ICT as it
would relate to a specific professional track.
4. Use the internet as a tool for credible research
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Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
refers to the technologies, both hardware and
software, that enable humans to communicate with
one another.
Common misconception: ICT is Internet or
computer alone.
ICT is any form of technology that enables you to
communicate.
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Evolution of ICT
The beginning of ICT can be traced back when
human started to use objects to communicate with
one another.
Four main periods in history that divide the era
of ICT:
- premechanical
- mechanical
- electromechanical
- electronic
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The devices,
technologies, and
processes that humans
enjoy today are
products of centuries
of improvements and
innovations built on
foundations prepared

Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
- around 3000 BCE to 1450 CE
- humans started communicating with one another
using words and pictograms curved in rocks
- started to write symbols as substitutes for
pictures to depict ideas, objects, and animals
- when paper was finally produced from the
papyrus plant, storing of information was
revolutionized
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Periods of ICT
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Periods of ICT
- compiled records written on pieces of paper
and bound them together, giving birth to books
- books needed to be compiled and stored in
areas, libraries were created
- libraries were considered the first data
centers in history
- in the late stages, humans started using the
numerical system
- humans started to optimize and invent devices
and techniques in counting
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
- served as the bridge between our current and the
premechanical period
- started around 1450 – 1840
- interest in automating and speeding up numerical
calculations grew
- concentrated on the development of machines that
will enhance calculation speed
- the advent of the mechanical calculator called
Pascaline, invented by the famous
mathematician inventor Blaise Pascal along with
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Periods of ICT
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Periods of ICT
- Charles Babbage, a mathematician invented
the Analytical Engine which is considered as the
first programmable mechanical computer
- This invention earned him the title “Father
of the Computers”
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
Telegraph
- first device to use electricity to transmit
information over an electrical media
- first invented in 1837 by William Cooke and
Sir Charles Wheatstone
- the first working model used five magnetic
needles that could be pointed around set of
letters and numbers by using electric current
- in 1844, American inventor Samuel Morse
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Periods of ICT
Telegraph
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Periods of ICT
- humans were not satisfied with simply
transmitting symbols or letters
- became fascinated with the idea of voice
transmission
- in 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was granted
the patent for the telephone
- the telephone converts sounds into
electricity and enables the telephone
network to transmit it over copper wires
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Periods of ICT
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Periods of ICT
- computing devices started to revolutionize
information handling and processing
- machines were mechanical in nature but were
run by electricity
- machines were intended to encode and transmit
information over telegraph lines
- used in the Second World War to avoid
information being intercepted by the
enemy
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
- started in the 1940s and continues to the
present
- focused on the advent of solid state devices
or electronic devices
Four main events:
 vacuum tube machines
- Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
(ENIAC) is the first electronic and general
purpose computer that marked a revolutionary
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 vacuum tube machines
- ENIAC was a big machine that occupied an area
of 167 square meters. Its processing
speed was slower than those of machines today
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Periods of ICT
ENIAC computer
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 transistor
- was invented in 1947
- it is an electronic device with properties and
functions similar to vacuum tubes but it is
lightweight and faster
- foundation of every electronic device today
- you can find transistor for every electronic
device
- full transistor computer was developed in 1957
and was faster than vacuum computer
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 transistor
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 integrated circuit (IC)
- American engineer Jack Kilby introduced the
IC
- it is a device that is composed of a group of
transistors and circuit elements compressed in a
single package
- it revolutionized the use of computers and
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
- it is integrated in a chip or a single
package, limiting the distances between
components, resulting in a faster operating speed
- smaller devices intended for information
processing and communication were developed
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 computer processor
- constructed in the forms of IC
- PC used these processors to deliver user
applications
- computers are evolving from basic textual
interfaces to GUI
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Periods of ICT
Four main events:
 computer processor
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Periods of ICT
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Periods of ICT
The fast-paced development and innovations in
PC paved the way for the birth of different user
applications that introduced ease and comfort for
users.
Internet or World Wide Web is a network which
is the interconnection of computer devices and
equipment.
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INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
List all the technologies developed from the
past years. Group these techonologies according
to the following:
1. Hardware/software
2. Influence in ICT
3. Generated by electricity
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ICT Today
The fusion of hardware equipment, precise
software, GUI, and effective communications
network is the present composition of the ICT
network.
World Wide Web (WWW)
- widely used information systems today
- initially intended to disseminate
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- widely used information systems today
- initially intended to disseminate
information, but through the years it evolved
because of man’s rising needs and continuous
usage.
- system that enables you to access
hypertext documents and other files over the
Internet.
- proposed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989
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Web 1.0 (Read-only Web)
- information/hypertext file is accessed by
the user.
- no facilities to interact with it other
than to read or view the content.
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Web 1.0 (Read-only Web)
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Web 2.0 (Read-and-Write Web)
- need to interact with Web pages
- enabled users/viewers to edit the content
of the files they’re accessing
- blogging
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Web 2.0 (Read-and-Write Web)
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Web 3.0 (Semantic Executing Web)
- smarter access of hypertext files
- enables a wider range of search in a fast
manner
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Web 3.0 (Semantic Executing Web)
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Social Media
Started together with Web 2.0 and is used in
communicating and socializing with other
application users in virtual communities and
networks.
Allows users to create and exchange user-
generated information.
Formats:
- blogs, enterprise social networks, forums,
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Social Media
The effectiveness of social media application
can be measured by its
Virality – defined as the rate of reposting or
sharing photos, pieces of information, or ideas
published in one’s social media profile/page.
Main benefactor:
- businesses, nonprofit organizations, and
special interests groups that use online
marketing and campaigns.
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Social Media
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Social Media
Oral Recitation
What social media applications affect your day-
to-day activities,
and how did it improve your life?
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Research and Information Seeking
Information sources:
 Web search engines
 Research indexing sites
 Massive Online Open Course (MOOC) sites or
tutorial sites
 Employment Web sites
 Electronic commerce (e-commerce)
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Authenticity Verification of Information from the
Web
There are no standards governing the content
publishing on the WWW to ensure correctness of
information.
Ways on how to verify if the information is
trustworthy or legitimate:
 Published author’s name
 Credible Web sites
 Rating, number of viewers, and number of shares
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Authenticity Verification of Information from the
Web
Oral Recitation
1. What are the Web sites that you frequently
visit?
2. Based on the discussions, assess and compare
the authenticity and reliability of information
of your frequently visited Web sites.
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Online Ethics and Etiquette
Netiquette – is a coined or portmanteau term of
network and etiquette.
Netizen – person who is a member or part of the
online community.
Netiquette
is a set of ideal rules and conduct that a
netizen should observe in communicating and/or
publishing information and materials over the WWW
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Netiquette
Some key points to keep in mind to maintain good
conduct over the Internet:
 Recognize that youre cyber avatar
 Apply values and conduct learned since childhood
 Keep in mind that there are laws existing
 Participation of people from different countries
with different cultures and religions
 Everything published in WWW should be considered as
copyrighted or owned by another individual.
 In sending emails/chats, be careful in selecting
words to communicate
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Netiquette
Oral Recitation
Are there any instance when you misbehaved
online?
How do you think should you behave now that you
have learned netiquette and proper behavior on
the WWW?
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Online Safety and Security
Threats that can be acquired from connecting to
the WWW:
 Spam
 Phishing
 Malware
A very effective way of avoiding these threats
is verifying the authenticity and credibility of
the Web source.
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Government Provisions for Online Courtesy and
Etiquette
The Philippine government ensures the welfare
of its people in their ICT experience by enacting
various laws and regulations.
Laws that aim to protect the people:
 Republic Act 10627 or Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
 Republic Act 10175 or Cybercrime Prevention Act
of 2012
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Government Provisions for Online Courtesy and
Etiquette
Oral Recitation
Have you witnessed cyberbullying on social
media?
When can you say that a person is being
cyberbullied?
As a responsible netizen, what is your role in
helping the person who is being cyberbullied?
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