This is a requirement powerpoint presentaion project which talks about the periods of ICT's evoution, from Pre-maechanical to Present Electronic Age...

1. Evolution of ICT
Grade 11 - Stewardship

2. Evolution of ICT
• There are four main periods in history that divide the era of ICT, namely, the
•Premechanical period
•Mechanical period
•Elctromechanical period
•Electronic period

3. Premechanical Period
The Abacus (plural abaci or
abacuses), also called a
counting frame, is a
calculating tool that was in use
in Europe, China and Russia,
centuries before the adoption
of the written Hindu–Arabic
numeral system and is still
used by merchants, traders
and clerks in some parts of
Eastern Europe, Russia, China
and Africa.
Symbols is the usage
of an icon, and is an
ideogram that
conveys its meaning
through its pictorial
resemblance to a
physical object.Abacus Symbols

4. Mechanical Period
Analytical Engine, generally
considered the first
computer, designed and
partly built by the English
inventor Charles Babbage in
the 19th century (he worked
on it until his death in 1871).
While working on the
Difference Engine a simpler
calculating machine commissi
oned by the British
government, Babbage began
to imagine ways to improve it.
The Pascaline was the
first successful
mechanical calculator.
The mathematician
Blaise Pascal developed it
in the 1640. Pascal
introduced his machine
to the public in 1645
Analytical
Engine
Pascaline

5. Electromechanical Period
A telegraph is a
communications system in
which information is
transmitted over a wire
through a series of
electrical current pulses,
usually in the form
of Morse code.
The bombe was an
electromechanical device used
by British cryptologists to help
decipher German Enigma-
machine-encrypted secret
messages during World War
developed during WWII by
Alan Turing and Gordon
Welchman, whilst working as
codebreakers at Bletchley Park.
Telegraph
Bombe

6. Electronic Period
ENIAC built between 1943 and
1945—the first large-scale
computer to run at electronic
speed without being slowed by
any mechanical parts. For a
decade, until a 1955 lightning
strike, ENIAC may have run
more calculations than all
humanity had done up to that
point. ENIAC was formally
dedicated at the University of
Pennsylvania as a "Giant Brain"
by the press.
Integrated circuit ( IC ) is an
electronic circuit formed on a small
piece of semiconducting material,
performing the same function as a
larger circuit made from discrete
components.This was invented and
concepted by Jack kilby and Robert
Noyce.Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer
Integrated
Circuit

7. PREMECHANICAL PERIOD
The Premecahnical period can be traced back thousands of years ago, around
3 000 BCE to 140 CE. During this time, humans started communicating with
one another using words and programs curved in rocks. They started to write
symbols as substitutes for pictures to depict ideas, objects and animals.

8. MECAHNICAL PERIOD
• The period served as the bridge between our current period. Started around
1450 – 1840. During this time, the interest in automating and speeding up
calculations grew.
• One of these inventors was Charles Babbage, known as the title of “Father
of the Computers”.

9. ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD
• Ushered in a new age in communication and information. This period
started around 1840-1940. Use of electricity for information handling and
transfer bloomed.
• The use of telegraph to transmit information over long distances, later the
telephone was invented.

10. ELECTRONIC PERIOD
• The last period of ICT history, started in 1940s and continues to the present.
• Focused on the advent of solid state devices. The four main events found in
this period are late vacuum tubes period, the transistors period, integrated
circuit period, and the computer processors period.

11. ICT
• The term information and communication technology (ICT)
• collectively refers to the technologies, both hardware and software, that
enables humans to communicate with one another. It is a common
misconception that ICT is internet or computer alone. Basically, it is a from
of technology that enables you to communicate.