This document provides an overview of a lesson on information and communication technologies (ICT). It discusses four major periods in the history of ICT: pre-mechanical, mechanical, electro-mechanical, and electronic. Key technologies from each period are identified. The document then covers modern ICT topics like the internet, World Wide Web, social media, mobile technologies, and online platforms. Example applications and systems are provided for different ICT categories like search engines, communication services, and payment systems. Learners will compare and contrast online platforms and identify future trends in ICT.

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Writer:
ROEL B. EDIL
Olutanga National High School
For SHS LEARNERS
EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES
THIRD QUARTER Week 1
MELC: Compare and contrast the nuances of varied online platforms, sites and
content to best achieve specific class objectives or address situational challenges
Topics:
Day 1. Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies
DAY 2. The state of ICT technologies
DAY 3. Online systems, functions, and platforms
DAY 4. Different trends in ICT.
Objectives:At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to:
1. Identify how ICT affects everyday lives and the state of a nation,
2. Compare and contrast the differences between online platforms, sites and
content
3. Enumerate the features of Web 2.0;
4. Expound the future of the World Wide Web through Web 3.0; and
5. Learn the different trends in ICT and use them to own advantage.

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DAY 1
I. Mini Lesson/Lecturette
Information and Communication Technologies - Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile
phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save, send and edit information. Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) is an extensional term for Information Technology (IT) that
stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications
(telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers as well as necessary enterprises
software, middleware, storage and audiovisual systems that enable users to access, store,
transmit and manipulate information. The term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of
audiovisual and telephone networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large
economic incentives to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using
a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. ICT is an umbrella term
that includes any communication device, encompassing radio, television, cellphones,
computer and network hardware, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services
and appliances with them such as video conferencing and distance learning. Since the dawn
of modern computers, the rapid digitization and growth in the amount of data created, shared,
and consumed has transformed society greatly. In a world that is inter-connected, change
happens at a startling pace. Have you ever wondered how this connected world of ours got
connected in the first place?
Four Major Periods of ICT
Pre-mechanical Period- The earliest age of technology. It can be defined as the time
between 3000B.C. and 1450A.D.When humans first started communicating, they would try to
use language to make simple pictures –petroglyphs to tell a story, map their terrain, or keep
accounts such as how many animals one owned, et. This trend continued with the advent of
formal language and better media such as rags, papyrus, and eventually paper. The first ever
calculator –the abacus was invented in this period after the development of numbering
systems.
2. Mechanical
The mechanical age is when we first start to see connections between our
Current technology and its ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as
the time between 1450 and 1840.
A lot of new technologies were developed in this era due to an explosion of interest in computation
and information. Technologies like the slide ruler (an analog computer used for multiplying and
dividing) were invented in this period.

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Engineers Work on A Harvard Mark 1 (1944)
The electromechanical age heralded the beginnings
of telecommunications
as we know it today. This age can be defined roughly as the
time between 840 and 1940.
Several revolutionary technologies were invented in
this period such as the
Morse code, telephone, radio, etc. All of these technologies
were crucial
stepping stones towards modern information technology
systems.
The first large-scale automatic digital computer in the United
States was the
Harvard Mark 1 created by IBM in 1944. This 8ft x 50ft x 2ft
big computer weighed a whopping five tons and had to be
Electronic
These machines used electronic switches, in the
form of vacuum tubes,
instead of the electromechanical relays seen in the
previous era. In principle
the electronic switches would be more reliable, since
they would have no
moving parts that would wear out, but the technology
was still new at that
time and the tubes were comparable to relays in
reliability. The major benefit
of electronic switches was that they could ‘open’ and
‘close’ thousands of
times faster than relays.
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer) was the first electronic
general-purpose computer. It could solve a large class of
numerical problems through reprogramming.
Although it was designed and
primarily used to calculate
artillery firing tables for the United
States Army's Ballistic Research
Laboratory,
its first programs included a study
of the feasibility of the
thermonuclear weapon.
Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, a very popular mechanical computer
capable of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing two numbers. Initially
called the arithmetic machine, it was granted a royal privilege by King Louis
XIV of France in 1649.
Electro-Mechanical
to be programmed using punch cards. Its first use was by the Manhattan Project to simulate the
feasibility of an implosion to detonate an atomic bomb.
Vacuum Tubes- A vacuum tube, an
electron tube, valve (British usage) or tube (North
America),[4]
is a device that controls electric current
flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which
an electric potential difference has been applied.
The type known as a thermionic tube or
thermionic valve uses the phenomenon of thermionic
emission of electrons from a hot cathode and is used
for a number of fundamental electronic functions such
as signal amplification and current .
rectification.

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Integrated Circuit(IC)
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to
as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one
small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally
silicon. The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into
a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller,
faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete
electronic components. The IC's mass production capability,
reliability, and building-block approach to integrated circuit design
has ensured the rapid adoption of standardized ICs in place of
designs using discrete transistors. ICsare now used in virtually all electronic equipment and have
revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home
appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the
small size and low cost of ICs.
Transistor
it is a semi conductor device used to amplify or switch
elecronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of
semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals
for connection to an externa circuit.
II. Facilitating Activities
Activity 1. Direction. In the three periods of ICT history, write down the devices
that was invented in its period.
PRE-MECHANICAL MECHANICAL ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
III. Evaluation Activity
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided for.
_____ 1. They are the oldest form of visual communication used to signal news,
danger, and to gather people.
A. Tele Signals B. Radio Signals C. Fire Signals D. Smoke Signal
______ 2. In what code is the telegraph written?
A. Morse Code B. Binary Code C. Gray Code D. Program Code
______ 3. Who discovered the Telephone?
A. Alex Graham Bell B. Alexander Graham Bell

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B. Martin Cooper D. Martin Copper
______ 4. This type of mail was used during the 90s. It takes several weeks from the
sender to the receiver.
A. Priority Mail B. Postal Mail C. Snail Mail D. Mail
______ 5. The Abacus was believed to have been first used around 5000 B.C. in what
country?
A. Japan B. China C. Germany D. France
______ 6. The fourth generation of computers used to control operations?
A. IC B. Transistor C. Vacuum Tube D. Microchip
______ 7. This invention replaced the transistor and led to the development of third
generation computers. Processing speed increased to millions of calculations per
second.
A. Vacuum tube B. Integrated Circuit C. Transistor D. CPU
_____ 8. The ______________ was developed in 3000 BC, and was basically beads
on rods to count and was used to calculate, has upper and lower deck.
A. UNIVAC B. Vacuum Tubes D. Abacus D. Slide Rule
_____ 9. What company did Paul Allen and Bill Gates start
A. Microsoft B. Apple C. Windows D. Mine craft
_____ 10. The word "Computer" was first assigned to...
A. A person who conducts calculations C. A person who is very loud
B. A person who doesn't sleep D. A person who lies
Direction: Reflections
Write your significant learning from today’s lesson. What part of the lesson do
you find easy or difficult? Explain why.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
DAY 2
I. Mini Lesson/Lecturette
Modern ICT
The modern world of Information and Communication Technology is ever-changing
thanks to the shifting landscape of new technology and the modification of the old ones. As a
better understanding of computing methods are being incorporated into hardware that is used
in developing more efficient software, the new trends in ICT are becoming more and more
empowered. That’s the focus of our topic here: the ICT-relevant concepts and technologies
that affect our daily lives.
Internet: The World Wide Web

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It’s literally almost impossible to think of our daily lives without the use of the internet
these days since we hardly own any digital device that isn’t connected to the web. Its practical
applications range from business to entertainment, from education to health care and much
more.
INTERNET- a large computer network that is made up of thousand network worldwide
- in 1969, the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network or ARPANET was launched by
US Department of Defense to allow scientists to share information and computer resources
Web Browsers- a computer program used to open and browse web pages over the internet
- examples of web browsers
are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, etc.
1. World Wide Web (WWW)
Invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 -an information space where documents and other web
resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) interlinked by hypertext links
and accessible through the Internet.
Web 1.0
Web 1.0 refers to the first stage in the World Wide Web, which was entirely made up of web
pages connected by hyperlinks. Although the exact definition of Web 1.0 is a source of
debate, it is generally believed to refer to the web when it was a set of static websites that
were not yet providing interactive content.
Example of this type of web page is information found on http://tilde.club/~choire/.
Web 2.0
Web 2.0 is the term used to describe a variety of web sites and applications that allow
anyone to create and share online information or material they have created. A key element

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of the technology is that it allows people to create, share, collaborate & communicate. The
social media pages and blogs are examples of Web 2.0.
2. Convergent Technologies
Technological convergence is the synergy of technological advancements to work in a similar
goal or task. It is the use of several technologies to accomplish a task conveniently.
3. Social Media
Social network
Bookmarking sites
Social News
Media Sharing
Microblogging
Blogs and Forums
4. Mobile Technologies
The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken rise over the years. This is largely
because of the devices' capability to do tasks that were originally found in personal
computers.
Mobile Technologies Operating System:
 iOS
 Android
 Blackberry OS
 Windows Phone OS
 Symbian
 WebOS
 Windows Mobile
5. Assistive Media
It is a non-profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A
database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Copyright Infringement
Intellectual Property
Copyright Law
Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information.
Hashtag – used to “categorize” posts in website
Convergence – the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task
Social media – websites, applications, or online channels that enable users to create, co-
create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content.
Comparison between Native Apps and Web Application
Native apps - are applications which are compatible with various devices such as mobile
phones and computers. Native apps are usually installed directly into devices and have the
ability to run independently without the presence of other apps, unlike web applications which
cannot run on their own.
Web applications- are the most used websites in the world today. They are equipped with
modern features that enable us to perform various functions more than just accessing and
reading texts on displays. Such websites include YouTube and eBay.

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II. Facilitating Activity
Directions: Fill in the table below by classifying the different application found in the
box. Identify the native application and the web application from the given application.
Application Native Application Web Application
Word Processing
Email
Music Streaming
Photo Editor
III. Evaluation Activity
Directions: Answer the following question base in your understanding in the
discussion. Your answer may vary on the given rubrics below.
1 point 3 points 5 points
Fails to address the question or
demonstrate an inadequate or partial
grasp of the question
Demonstrate and
adequate understanding
of the question
Demonstrate and complete
understanding of the question
Answer lacks clarity, may be
confused, omit significant facts or is
otherwise incomplete
Answer displays basic
knowledge of the
question
Answer displays clarity of thought,
depth of reflection, and insight
Score
1. How can you differentiate the Native Application to Web application?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________.
2. Technology nowadays is very powerful in terms of giving information from the
web. Social media and other networking site is very often to individual, as a
senior high student how does this online platform help you in navigating your
knowledge in technology?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Microsoft Word, Excel Google Docs, Google Sheets
Microsoft Outlook Gmail, Yahoo, Mail
Windows Media Player Spotify, Web Player
Adobe Photoshop, GIMP Canva, Pixlr

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______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_________________________________.
IV. Reflections
Write your significant learning from today’s lesson. Did you learn
something or none? And what topic did you find most difficult to you.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
DAY 3
I. Mini Lesson/Lecturette
What is online platform? If you can program it, then it’s a platform if you can’t, then it’s not.
Online Platform Categories:
 Social Media- using websites and applications to communicate informally with others,
find people, and share similar interests. It allows user to directly connect with one
another through groups, networks and location. Social media platforms like blogging,
online games, sharing same interest groups, photo sharing, video sharing
 Search Engine- a web search engine or internet search engine is a software system
that is designed to carry out web search, which means to search the world wide web
in a systematic way for a particular information specified in a textual web search
query.
Top 10 search Engines
1. Google
2. Bing (Microsoft)
3. Yahoo (no. 1 email Provider)
4. Ask.com (ask Joeves)
5. AIO.com (America Online)
6. Baidu (China)
7. Wolframalpha (Computational Knowledge Engine)
8. Duckduckgo.simple
9. Internet Archive (histories of domain)
10. Chacha.com (Similar to ask.com)
 Communication –the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing or
using some other medium. It also means of sending and receiving information such as
telephone lines or computer.
These are outsourcing enterprise communications solutions that can be leased from a
single vendor or provider. A communication service provider (CSP) is a provider that
transport information electronically and can encompass public and private companies
in telecom, internet, cable satellite and managed service business.
Example of ‘telecommunication and Internet
1. Smart

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2. PLDT
3. Globe
4. Su Cellular
 Services Payment- it is any system and to settle financial transactions through
transfer of monetary value and includes the institutions, instruments, people, rules,
procedure standards and technologies.
 System Advertising Platforms- it allows users to create and manage advertising
campaigns, generates reports and retrieve information about the ads, campaign and
organizations that are associated with an account.
 Creative Content Outlets- it is content that needs to be translated creatively.
What is a System?
A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done an organized
scheme or method.
Example:
 Online shopping
II. Facilitating Activity
Directions: Determine the following icons if they belong to social media, search
engine, communication services, payment system, advertising platforms and
creative content outlets.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9 10

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III. Evaluation Activity
Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
______ 1. This media is designed to help people who have visual and reading
impairments.
A. Assistive B. Blogging C. Bookmark D. Hash Tagging
______ 2. Currently, this is the fastest mobile network.
A. 2G B. 3G C. 4G D. 5G
______ 3. Pinterest is a social media website that can be classified as ___
A. Book Marking Site C. Micro blogging
B. Media sharing D. Blogs and forum
______ 4. what is this logo?
A. Logo B. fox C. internet D. Firefox
______ 5. System and to settle financial transactions through transfer of monetary
value
A. Assistive B. Blogging C. Bookmark D. services Payment
______ 6. A software system that is designed to carry out web search, which means
to search the World Wide Web in a systematic way for particular information?
A. Search Engine B. Service Payment C. blogging D. assistive
______ 7. A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done an
organized scheme or method?
A. Program B. software C. Hardware D. System
______ 8. According to this magazine, two Philippines cities are part of the top in their
research about “ the safest cities around the world.”
A. People B. Time C Candy D. Readers Digest
______ 9. A feature of a dynamic website that allows users to put their own content.
A. Long Tail B. Mass Participation C. User Participation
______ 10. What type of social media is presented by the image?
A. Book marking site B. networking site C. social news site
IV. Reflections
Write your significant learning from today’s lesson. What part of the
lesson do you find easy or difficult and explain why.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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Day 4
I. Mini Lesson/Lecturette
1. Convergence- is the synergy of
technological advancements to work on
a similar goal or task. For example,
besides using your personal computer to
create word documents, you can now
use your smartphone.
2. Social Media- is a website application, or
online channel enables web users to create,
co-create, discuss modify and exchange
user generated content.
Six types of Social Media:
a)Social Networks – These are sites that allows you to connect with other people
with the same interests or background. Once the user creates his/her account, he/she
can set up a profile, add people, share content, etc
Example: Facebook and Google+
b) Bookmarking Sites – Sites that allow you to store and manage links to various
website and resources. Most of the sites allow you to create a tag to others.
Stumble Upon, Pinterest
c) Social News – Sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to
other news sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may also
be rank.
Ex. Reddit and Digg

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d) Media Sharing – sites that allow you to upload and share media content like
images, music and video.
Ex. Flickr, Youtube and instagram
e) Microblogging – focus on short updates from the user. Those that subscribed to
the user will be able to receive these updates.
Ex. Twitter and Plurk
f) Blogs and Forums – allow user to post their content. Other users are able
to comment on the said topic.
Ex. Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr
3. Mobile Technologies– The popularity of smartphones
and tablets has taken a major rise over the years. This is
largely because of the devices capability to do the tasks
that were originally found in PCs. Several of these devices
are capable of using a high-speed internet. Today the
latest model devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is
currently the fastest
MOBILE OS
 iOS – use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad
 Android – an open source OS developed by Google. Being open
source means mobile phone companies use this OS for free.
 Blackberry OS – use in blackberry devices
 Windows phone OS – A closed source and proprietary operating system
developed by Microsoft.
 Symbian – the original smartphone OS. Used by Nokia devices
 WebOS- originally used in smartphone; now in smart TVs.
 Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs
4. Assistive Media– is a non- profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading
impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user
5. e.g. Yahoo!, Gmail, HotmailCloud computing-
distributed computing on internet or delivery of
computing service over the internet.

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6. Instead of running an e-mail program on your
computer, you log in to a Web
e-mail account remotely. The software and storage for
your account doesn’t exist
on your computer – it’s on the service’s computer
cloud.
It has three components
1. Client computers – clients are the device that the end user interact with cloud.
2. Distributed Servers – Often servers are in geographically different places, but
server acts as if they are working next to each other.
3. Datacenters – It is collection of servers where application is placed and is
accessed via Internet.
II. Facilitating Activity
Directions: Expound the given question base in your understanding.
Your answer will be checked according to the rubric given below.
1 point 3 points 5 points
Fails to address the
question or demonstrate
an inadequate or partial
grasp of the question
Demonstrate and
adequate understanding
of the question
Demonstrate and
complete understanding
of the question
Answer lacks clarity,
may be confused, omit
significant facts or is
otherwise incomplete
Answer displays basic
knowledge of the
question
Answer displays clarity
of thought, depth of
reflection, and insight
Score
1. How ICT has affected the Philippines in different aspects of living (e.g.,
economic, social, etc.).
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________.

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2. Technology nowadays greatly evolve from time to time how did you involve
yourself in your daily life?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.
III. Evaluation
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
_____ 1. Beside using your personal computer to create word documents, you
can now use your smartphone.
A. Convergent Technology C. Converted Technology
B. Mobile Technology D. Portable Technology
_____ 2. Which of the following is an example of networking site?
A. Google+ B. Pinterest C. Plurk D. Reddit
_____ 3. The following is an example of Blogs and forum site except one;
A. Blogger B. StumbleUpon C. Tumblr D. wordpress
_____ 4. Android an open source OS developed by?
A. Apple B. Google C. Microsoft D. Nokia
_____ 5. Windows phone is closed source and proprietary operating system
developed by?
A. Apple B. Google C. Microsoft D. Nokia
_____ 6. By simply tagging a webpage with a web based tool so you can easily
access it later.
A. Book marking site C. Microblogging sites
B. Social networks D. Social News
_____ 7. Which sites that focus on short updates from the user?
A. Media sharing C. Microblogging sites
B. Social networks D. All is correct
_____ 8. Symbian is the original smartphone OS used by?
A. Apple B. Nokia C. black berry D. Windows Phone
_____ 9. It is a collection of internet-based communication tools and computer
Assisted channels dedicated to allow users to interact, communicate,
and share information in a virtual community and network.
A. Networking B. Social Media C. Informative Media D. Media and
Information
_____ 10. What OS originally used in smartphone; now in smart TVs?
A. IOS B. Android C. WebOS D. Black berry OS.
IV. Reflection
Write your significant learning from today’s lesson. What part of the lesson
do you find easy or difficult and explain
why________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

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References
https://ehs.siu.edu/_common/documents/IT%20newsletter/vol-2-no-29.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube
https://pixelscreed.com/the-current-state-of-ict/
https://pixelscreed.com/what-is-web-application-and-native-application/
https//:prezi.com/nkrmbd805xct/online-systems-function-and-
platormhttps://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5cf86c2cf889b3001a8d1ee2/empowerment-
technologylesson1-intro-to-ict
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5b3486662cef0e0019e43d9c/ict-empowerment-
technologies
https://ictcom444251764.wordpress.com/2018/03/31/empowerment-technologies-
lessons-1-15/
Quality Assured/Evaluated by the Following
Roel Edil
Olutanga National High School
Estrelita Ampo-Pena
Education Program Supervisor
Kindergarten & Senior HS Division Coordinator
Reviewed By:
Evelyn F. Importante
OIC- CID Chief EPS
Jerry C. Bokingkito
OIC- SGOD Chief EPS
Aurelio A. Santisas
OIC- Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Jeanelyn A. Aleman, CESO VI
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent