This document discusses different ecosystems and their components. It defines tropical rainforests as one of the most diverse ecosystems, containing emergent, canopy, understory and forest floor layers. Tundra ecosystems are described as having low temperatures, permafrost and short summer seasons. They are home to lichens, mosses, arctic willows and foxes. The document also explains that ecosystems are made up of biotic and abiotic elements like climate and populations. Food chains and webs show how species interact and transfer energy between trophic levels as producers, primary consumers, and decomposers.

1. UNIT 5
ECOSYSTEMS

2. WATH IS AN ECOSYSTEM?
 Ecosystems are the interaction between
living organism and the non-living physical
environment in which they live.
 They can be small or large and can exist
inside each other.

3. WHAT MAKES UP AN ECOSYSTEM?
ELEMENTS ORGANISATION
Climate Habitat: is a place where
an organism lives
Physical structure Population: organism of
the same species within
an ecosystem
Altitude Comunity: different
populations interact with
each other in comunities
longitude

4. TROPICAL RAINFOREST DEFINITION
 Are one of the most diverse ecosystems on land.
 They are foun in all the world.
 The warm is wet.

5. TROPICAL RAINFOREST PARTS
1.EMERGENT LAYER: emergent trees are usually about 50 or 60
metres tall.
Are adapted to survive in hot temperatures and strong winds.
2.CANOPY LAYER: the trees in the canopy are often more than 30
metres tall.
Many never leave the treetops and spend their whole lifecycle in
the canopy.
3.UNDESTORY LAYER: this is the part of the fores made up of
trunks,branches,bushes and shurbs.
Predators live in this section.
4.FOREST FLOOR: this part of the forest belongs to invertebrates,fungi
and bacteria.
The forest floor is dark.

6. TROPICAL RAINFOREST FOOD WEBS

7. TUNDRA DEFINITION
 They occupies the areas around the Artic
Circle and some parts of Antartica.
 They have low temperatures and no light
for half the year

8. TUNDRA
PHYSICAL ENVIROMENT LIVING THINGS
-PERMAFROST PLANTS: LICHENS,
MOSSES ,ARTIC WILLOWS,
ARTIC POPPIES…
-LITTLE RAINFALL ANIMALS: ARTIC FOXES,
ARTIC HARES, REINDEER,
SONWY OWLS, POLAR
BEARDS…
-LOW TEMPERATURES
-SHORT SUMMER SEASON

9. TUNDRA FOOD WEBS

10. FOOD CHAINS
 PRODUCERS (PLANTS)
 CONSUMERS:
 PRIMARY (HERBIVORES)
 SECONDARY (CARNIVORES AND OMNIVORES)
 TERTIARY (CARNIVORES AND OMNIVORES)
 DECOMPOSERS (FEED ON OTHER DEATH
ORGANISMS)

11. FOOD WEBS
-THERE IS AN INTERDEPENDENCE OF SPECIES WICH LIVE OFF
EACH OTHER.
-THESE INTERDEPENDENCIES FORM FOOD WEBS.
-ARE MADE UP OF DIFFERENT FOOD CHAINS.
-PRODUCE ENERGY (BIOMASS).
FOOD FOR THE NEXT TROPHIC LEVEL