This document discusses data transmission and computer networks. It defines data transmission as the transfer of digital data over communication channels and telecommunication as communication at a distance using technology. A computer network allows devices to exchange data by connecting them with cables, routers/switches, wireless access points, network cards, modems and an internet connection. Networks can be local area networks within a building, wide area networks connecting multiple LANs over large distances, or metropolitan area networks that are hybrids between LANs and WANs. The advantages of networks include file sharing, resource sharing, communication and flexible access.

1. Understanding the Basic
Principles of Data Transmission

2. Objectives
• Define data transmission
• Explain the term telecommunication
• State different methods of data transmission
• Define Computer Network
• State types of Network
• State advantages of Network
• Identify equipment necessary for data
transmission
• Understanding Communication Software

3. Data Transmission &
Telecommunication
Data Transmission is the physical transfer of
data (a digital bit stream) over a point-to-point
or point-to-multipoint communication channel.
Telecommunication is communication at a
distance by technological means, particularly
through electrical signals or electromagnetic
waves.

4. Computer Network
• A computer network or data network is a
telecommunications network that allows
computers to exchange data. In computer
networks, networked computing devices pass
data to each other along data connections.
• A computer network connects together all your
computers, plus other peripheral equipment like
printers. To build a computer network you will
need a range of physical equipment including the
following pieces of network hardware in the
following slides.

5. Equipments Necessary for Data
Transmission
• Cables and connectors. These link together
the computers, printers, servers and other
equipment on your network.

6. Equipments Necessary for Data
Transmission
• A router or switch. This manages network
traffic, ensuring devices can communicate
with each other.

7. Equipments Necessary for Data
Transmission
• A wireless access point. This allows people to
connect to the network wirelessly.

8. Network card is an electronic device that connects a
computer to a computer network, usually a LAN or
WLAN. It is considered a piece of computer hardware.

9. Equipments Necessary for Data
Transmission
• An internet connection. This could be a
simple broadband connection over a
telephone line or a faster fibre connection.
• A hardware firewall. This creates a secure
barrier between your network and the
internet, blocking security threats.

10. Equipments Necessary for Data
Transmission
Modem: A modem
(modulator-demodulator)
is a device that modulates
an analog carrier signal to
encode digital
information and
demodulates the signal to
decode the transmitted
information.

11. Types of Computer Network
• Local area networks (LANs) are used to connect
networking devices that are in a very close
geographic area, such as a floor of a building, a
building itself, or a campus environment.
• Wide area networks (WANs) are used to connect
LANs together. Typically, WANs are used when
the LANs that must be connected are separated
by a large distance.
• A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a hybrid
between a LAN and a WAN.

12. Advantages of Computer Network
• File Sharing
• Software Cost and Management
• Security
• Resource Sharing
• Communication
• Flexible Access
• Workgroup Computing

13. Communication Software
• Communication software is used to provide remote access
to systems and exchange files and messages in text, audio
and/or video formats between different computers or
users.
• Communication software forms a part of communication
systems with software components classified according to
functions within the Open Systems Interconnection Model
(OSI Model). Some examples of communication software
are file transfer protocol (FTP), messaging software and
email such as Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) or
Post Office Protocol (POP), Voice Over Internet Protocol
(VoIP) and the internet protocol suite which is Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP).