Ultrasound as part of medical physics.pptx
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Ultrasound uses piezoelectric crystals that vibrate when voltage is applied to produce sound waves. The sound waves reflect off tissues inside the body and return to the transducer, which converts the reflected waves into electrical signals displayed as images on a monitor. Key parts of an ultrasound machine include transducers that send and receive sound waves, a screen to display images, a voltage generator, and controls to adjust the frequency. Ultrasound provides diagnostic information by measuring how intensity decreases as sound waves pass through different tissues based on their absorption properties.
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Presentation1
1) 1,000 Rem x 70 kg person = 70,000 Rem
1 Rem = 100 rads
So 70,000 Rem = 7,000,000 rads
1 rad = 100 ergs of energy absorbed per gram of tissue
Person's mass is 70,000 g
So energy absorbed = 7,000,000 rads x 100 ergs/rad x 70,000 g = 4.9 x 10^13 ergs
2) Energy to raise 1 g of water by 1°C is 41,600,000 ergs
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3. Pros of ultrasound include lack of radiation, quick exams, ability to see different tissue planes, portability and lower cost compared to other imaging modalities.
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- 1. ULTRASOUND AS PART OF MEDICAL PHYSICS AT SCHOOL LEVEL Dr Lalit Kishore
- 2. Production of ultrasound Diagram for visual reading Quartz crystal Voltage alternates, crystal vibrates, produces ultrasound Pizo-electric effect PATTERN POEM
- 3. Applied physics for ultrasound diagnostic Natural frequency of quartz crystal = Supplied alternative voltage => RESONANCE or Ultra Sound with max. amplitude or energy Transducer set-up Working principle
- 4. Working principle of ultra-sound machine Electrical pulses / signals > ultrasound Reflected and ultrasound sensed > electrical signal > CRO / digital image on monitor screen Condition of tissues diagnosed Quartz crystal as transducer and sensor Working principle
- 5. Machine diagram Crystal microphone Screen to display ultrasound image Alternative voltage generator Frequency tunner Diagram of ultrasound machine Parts
- 6. Formula for intensity: Diagnostic measurements for precision Exponential curve Transmission percentage vs Thickness of absorbing medium Tables available for matching transmitted intensity with thickness of tissue Measurement coefficient Attributes
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