1. Simple Sentence 2. Complex Sentence 3. Compound Sentence 4. Principal Clause 5. Subordinate Clause 6. Coordinate Clause

1. WELCOME
Name : Akhi Akter Nadi
ID No. : 193-10-2156
Course Title : Basic Grammar & Writing

2. Today’s Topic
Sentence and its clauses / Joining /Splitting

3. Types of Sentences
According to structures there are three kinds of sentences :
1. Simple Sentence
2. Complex Sentence
3. Compound Sentence

4. Simple Sentence
Definition :
A simple sentence is one that contains only one subject and
one finite verb, expressed or understood.
Examples :
1. He found his meal ready.
2. He goes to school everyday.
3. The boy reads a book.
4. The girl plucks a flower.
5. I shall not go to school.
6. A white shirt always looks sharp
( A simple sentence may also have one or more non-finite verb/verbs. )
7. He goes to school to read and write.
8. Going home ,he found his meal ready.

5. Complex Sentence
Definition :
A complex sentence is one that contains one principal
clause and or more subordinate clause or clauses.
Examples :
1. I know that he is honest.
Principal clause Subordinate clause
2. This is the boy who did it.
Principal clause Subordinate clause
3. We waited until he came.
Principal clause Subordinate clause
( A complex sentence may also have Subordinate Clauses joined with
Conjunctions - and, or, but, as well as, etc. )
4. I know that he is poor but honest.

6. Compound Sentence
Definition :
A complex sentence is one that contains two or more
independent clauses or coordinating clauses joined together
by coordinating conjunctions like - and, or, but, as well as etc.
Examples :
1. Salil is a good boy and he loves his brother.
Coord clause Coord clause
2. You may read the book or leave the class.
Coord clause Coord clause
3. He was late but he was not sorry.
Coord clause Coord clause

7. Clauses
Clauses are of three kinds :
1. Principal Clause
2. Subordinate Clause
3. Coordinate Clause

8. Subordinate Clauses
Noun clause Adjective clause Adverbial clause
The Subordinate Clauses are subdivided into three
heads -
I know who he is.
I know the man who
did it.
You may go where
you like.

9. Noun Clause ( Nominal Clause )
A Noun Clause is used in a sentence in the same way as a
noun may be used :
1. Subject
2. Object
3. Object to Preposition
4. Complement
5. Appositive

10. Functions of Noun Clauses Examples
Subject
What he said is true.
How he went there is known to all.
That he is honest is known to me.
When he will come is uncertain.
Whether he will succeed is uncertain.
Object I know that he is honest.
Object to a Preposition It depends on how he behaves.
I know nothing of what he will do.
Complement That is what we expected.
Appositive to “it” or a Noun It is true that he was come.

11. Functions of Relative Clauses Examples
Subject The boy who came here is my friend.
Object The boy whom you know is my friend.
Possessive The boy whose father is a doctor came
here.
Adjective Clause ( Relative Clause )
An Adjective clause or Relative Clause is used as an Adjective to qualify
a Noun or Pronoun or it denoted relation to a Noun or Pronoun. The
Noun or Pronoun with which the Adjective clause is related is called its
Antecedent.[ An Adjective Clause or Relative Clause is placed just after
its
antecedent ]

12. Adverbial Clause
An Adverbial Clause is used as an Adverb to Modify a Verb an Adjective,
another Adverb etc. and usually denotes -
1. Time
2.Place
3. Cause or Reason
4. Effect or Result
5. Extend
6. Manner
7. Comparison
8. Contrast
9. Condition
10. Purpose

13. Function of an Adverbial
Clause
Linking Words Examples
Time when father came when I started for Delhi.
Place where you may go where you like.
Cause or Reason because my friend will not come because he is
ill.
Effect or result that I am so tired that I cannot work.
Extent as far as As far as I know, the man is honest.
Manner as Rahim plays as usually does.
Condition if I shall help you if you come here.
Comparison than you are taller than I.
Contrast though Though he is poor, he is happy.
Purpose that We read that we learn.

14. Thank You