This document provides instructions on interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) test results and examples of two case studies. The first case shows respiratory acidosis with an acidic pH, increased pCO2 level indicating a lung issue, and normal bicarbonate level from the kidneys. The second case also has respiratory acidosis but the pH is normal due to kidney compensation, shown by an increased bicarbonate level. Practitioners are encouraged to attempt quiz questions to further their skills in ABG interpretation.