This document summarizes a research presentation on challenging existing views of the role of school counselors in Saudi Arabia. The researcher has extensive education and experience as a school counselor and director of counseling programs in Saudi Arabia. The presentation outlines issues facing school counselors such as understaffing, lack of training and budgets, and cultural misunderstandings of their role. Findings from interviews with counselors and administrators show problems related to lack of support from the Ministry of Education, heavy workloads without resources, and difficulty establishing trust and communication with students and parents due to cultural norms. The researcher aims to bring greater understanding of the challenges facing school counselors in Saudi Arabia through this mixed methods study.
Managing Guidance and Counselling Services for Patriotism and Values Re-Oriet...ijtsrd
The study investigated managing guidance and counselling services for patriotism and values re-orientation among the students of colleges of education in Ankpa education zone of Kogi state. Two research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive research design. A sample of 300 students was randomly selected for the study. Students Patriotism and Values Adherence Level Parameter SPLP and Students Values Adherence Parameter SVAP were used as instruments. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The cumulative analysis of mean and standard deviation for research question one shows the calculated values of 3.56 and 0.05 revealing that guidance counselling services does not influence students level of patriotism in colleges of education in Ankpa education zone. The cumulative analysis of mean and standard deviation for research question two shows the calculated values of 1.77 and 0.19 revealing that management of guidance counselling services influence colleges of education students in the practice of the societal values in Ankpa education zone of Kogi state to a little extent. It was recommended that guidance counselling services should be given top priority by the stakeholders in education industry to enhance the level of students patriotism and strict adherence to practices of Nigerian values. Yakubu Hassan | Shaibu Leonard "Managing Guidance and Counselling Services for Patriotism and Values Re-Orietation among the Students of Colleges of Education in Ankpa Education Zone of Kogi State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21463.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/21463/managing-guidance-and-counselling-services-for-patriotism-and-values-re-orietation-among-the-students-of-colleges-of-education-in-ankpa-education-zone-of-kogi-state/yakubu-hassan
Managing Guidance and Counselling Services for Patriotism and Values Re-Oriet...ijtsrd
The study investigated managing guidance and counselling services for patriotism and values re-orientation among the students of colleges of education in Ankpa education zone of Kogi state. Two research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive research design. A sample of 300 students was randomly selected for the study. Students Patriotism and Values Adherence Level Parameter SPLP and Students Values Adherence Parameter SVAP were used as instruments. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The cumulative analysis of mean and standard deviation for research question one shows the calculated values of 3.56 and 0.05 revealing that guidance counselling services does not influence students level of patriotism in colleges of education in Ankpa education zone. The cumulative analysis of mean and standard deviation for research question two shows the calculated values of 1.77 and 0.19 revealing that management of guidance counselling services influence colleges of education students in the practice of the societal values in Ankpa education zone of Kogi state to a little extent. It was recommended that guidance counselling services should be given top priority by the stakeholders in education industry to enhance the level of students patriotism and strict adherence to practices of Nigerian values. Yakubu Hassan | Shaibu Leonard "Managing Guidance and Counselling Services for Patriotism and Values Re-Orietation among the Students of Colleges of Education in Ankpa Education Zone of Kogi State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21463.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/21463/managing-guidance-and-counselling-services-for-patriotism-and-values-re-orietation-among-the-students-of-colleges-of-education-in-ankpa-education-zone-of-kogi-state/yakubu-hassan
EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVE AMONG INDIGENOUS STUDENTS BASED ON THE MODEL GPILSEO ...Norwaliza Abdul Wahab
6,640 primary school students did not continue their education in the secondary school. This shows that a large number of indigenous students dropped out after they completed primary school.
These slides are about Quality Education, this presentation will help you to find the factors, dimensions and approaches of quality education, and will make you aware of issues and problems which are affecting the quality of education
Quality Education in Rural India - Bharti FoundationBharti Foundation
Bharti Foundation remains focussed on supporting and strengthening the National mission of quality education in rural India, our initiatives in sanitation and legal aid address the other
pressing issues raised by the Government. Within two years, Satya Bharti Abhiyan, a rural sanitation initiative, has successfully provided individual toilets in 15,637 households across
698 villages as well as a separate toilet for girls in 14 Government schools identified by the Education Department of Punjab.
Brief Review for Quality of Education in Institutions of Gujarat Stateijtsrd
Education development is a prime necessity for any state as well as country. This enhances the basic requirements pertaining to the education system as a whole. To visualize the quality of education pertaining to secondary and higher education a brief study is made in this paper which can highlight in nutshell the quality of education among the institutions for secondary and higher education that are situated in Gujarat state. Statistical indicators are presented in brief to highlight about the educational system. Dr. Mahesh H. Vaghela "Brief Review for Quality of Education in Institutions of Gujarat State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38626.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38626/brief-review-for-quality-of-education-in-institutions-of-gujarat-state/dr-mahesh-h-vaghela
If we educate a boy, we educate an individual. If we educate a girl, we educate the whole family but if we educate a teacher, we actually educate the whole community.
Teaching is the one profession that creates all other professions. So what's you think?
Personality Development of Girls Studying in NPEGEL and Non-NPEGEL Schoolsinventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The challenges of indigenous schools as perceived by school administratorsNorwaliza Abdul Wahab
Abstract. This study discusses the challenges facing by Indigenous school administrators towards the schools and education of ‘Orang Asli’ (indigenous) students. This case study was carried out regarding to the problems related to the role played by school administrators that give implications for the quality of Orang Asli education. Two primary school administrators involved in the semi-structured interview to answer the focused questions on seven modified aspects of GPILSEO Model. The interview was audio-taped, transcribed and checked for content based on predetermined themes. The findings showed that school administrators have moderate targets in improving the achievements of Orang Asli students, encouraging fun method of teaching and learning, and stated the equipments needed by the school were sufficient but in a sorry state. The findings also showed they carried out assessments for teachers and students as scheduled and helped to distribute assistance from government in the forms of money and materials to the students. The final finding showed that the school administrators and their teacher were highly committed in managing the school of Orang Asli. This gives a major implication that the school administrators should play a role as an agent planning to increase the academic achievement of Orang Asli students in education.
Keywords: school administrators, indigenous students, Indigenous education, pedagogy, Orang Asli
The study provides information of the current status of Quality Education. This will discuss about the Introduction, Overview of current goal in Bangladesh, Government initiative to achieve the goal’s target and key challenges of Quality Education.
Pedagogic Transformation: Comparing Educational Technology in the US and IndiaPremier Publishers
In the last 15 years, the US and India have witnessed increasing bilateral cooperation on broad and multi-sectoral matters especially in the field of education and technology. This has led to enormous policy borrowing and practice sharing in educational technology from the US. Acknowledging the contemporary strategic ties between the countries, this paper compares the historic evolution of educational technology as pedagogic transformation within the K-12 classrooms to identify the critical factors contributing to the contemporary educational technology scenario in the respective countries. The TPACK framework of educational pedagogy is used to analyze and determine the evolutionary journeys of pedagogic transformation during the Digital Phases: the personal computer and the internet. While comparing the two countries, it is found that independent socio-cultural and political factors have influenced the specific trajectory. Thereby, making the scientific investigation of the ‘contextual forces’ affecting the pedagogic transformation of educational technology within both the home (the US) and the target (India) key to policy-makers.
EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVE AMONG INDIGENOUS STUDENTS BASED ON THE MODEL GPILSEO ...Norwaliza Abdul Wahab
6,640 primary school students did not continue their education in the secondary school. This shows that a large number of indigenous students dropped out after they completed primary school.
These slides are about Quality Education, this presentation will help you to find the factors, dimensions and approaches of quality education, and will make you aware of issues and problems which are affecting the quality of education
Quality Education in Rural India - Bharti FoundationBharti Foundation
Bharti Foundation remains focussed on supporting and strengthening the National mission of quality education in rural India, our initiatives in sanitation and legal aid address the other
pressing issues raised by the Government. Within two years, Satya Bharti Abhiyan, a rural sanitation initiative, has successfully provided individual toilets in 15,637 households across
698 villages as well as a separate toilet for girls in 14 Government schools identified by the Education Department of Punjab.
Brief Review for Quality of Education in Institutions of Gujarat Stateijtsrd
Education development is a prime necessity for any state as well as country. This enhances the basic requirements pertaining to the education system as a whole. To visualize the quality of education pertaining to secondary and higher education a brief study is made in this paper which can highlight in nutshell the quality of education among the institutions for secondary and higher education that are situated in Gujarat state. Statistical indicators are presented in brief to highlight about the educational system. Dr. Mahesh H. Vaghela "Brief Review for Quality of Education in Institutions of Gujarat State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38626.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38626/brief-review-for-quality-of-education-in-institutions-of-gujarat-state/dr-mahesh-h-vaghela
If we educate a boy, we educate an individual. If we educate a girl, we educate the whole family but if we educate a teacher, we actually educate the whole community.
Teaching is the one profession that creates all other professions. So what's you think?
Personality Development of Girls Studying in NPEGEL and Non-NPEGEL Schoolsinventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The challenges of indigenous schools as perceived by school administratorsNorwaliza Abdul Wahab
Abstract. This study discusses the challenges facing by Indigenous school administrators towards the schools and education of ‘Orang Asli’ (indigenous) students. This case study was carried out regarding to the problems related to the role played by school administrators that give implications for the quality of Orang Asli education. Two primary school administrators involved in the semi-structured interview to answer the focused questions on seven modified aspects of GPILSEO Model. The interview was audio-taped, transcribed and checked for content based on predetermined themes. The findings showed that school administrators have moderate targets in improving the achievements of Orang Asli students, encouraging fun method of teaching and learning, and stated the equipments needed by the school were sufficient but in a sorry state. The findings also showed they carried out assessments for teachers and students as scheduled and helped to distribute assistance from government in the forms of money and materials to the students. The final finding showed that the school administrators and their teacher were highly committed in managing the school of Orang Asli. This gives a major implication that the school administrators should play a role as an agent planning to increase the academic achievement of Orang Asli students in education.
Keywords: school administrators, indigenous students, Indigenous education, pedagogy, Orang Asli
The study provides information of the current status of Quality Education. This will discuss about the Introduction, Overview of current goal in Bangladesh, Government initiative to achieve the goal’s target and key challenges of Quality Education.
Pedagogic Transformation: Comparing Educational Technology in the US and IndiaPremier Publishers
In the last 15 years, the US and India have witnessed increasing bilateral cooperation on broad and multi-sectoral matters especially in the field of education and technology. This has led to enormous policy borrowing and practice sharing in educational technology from the US. Acknowledging the contemporary strategic ties between the countries, this paper compares the historic evolution of educational technology as pedagogic transformation within the K-12 classrooms to identify the critical factors contributing to the contemporary educational technology scenario in the respective countries. The TPACK framework of educational pedagogy is used to analyze and determine the evolutionary journeys of pedagogic transformation during the Digital Phases: the personal computer and the internet. While comparing the two countries, it is found that independent socio-cultural and political factors have influenced the specific trajectory. Thereby, making the scientific investigation of the ‘contextual forces’ affecting the pedagogic transformation of educational technology within both the home (the US) and the target (India) key to policy-makers.
counselor is a person who is involved in counseling. It refers to a person who is concerned with the profession of giving advice on various things such as academic matters, vocational issues and personal relationships.
Daved Evans, PhD - Examination of Teacher Attitudes Towards Education of Stud...IEFE
Speaker:
Daved Evans, PhD
Associate Professor of Special Education
Examination of Teacher Attitudes Towards Education of Students with Disability in the Mainstream Classroom
IEFE Forum 2014
International Leadership of Schools with an ability to consult on complex change initiatives based on 20 years in school leader positions and diverse international experiences.
Principals' use of counselling skills dr geoffrey wangoDr Wango Geoffrey
Child or student counselling is a process in which the counsellor attempts to understand and helps to clarify those feelings in a child or student that may, and can impede growth, maturation, and overall well-being. The counsellor in the school has to regularly confront sensitive issues in the lives of a pupil or student, families and members of teaching and support staff. Issues include love relationships, depression, suicidal attempts, alcohol and drug abuse, sexual activity, parent-child relationships and self-injurious behaviours. The manner in which these issues are handled has profound effects on the well-being of pupils and students, their relationship with teachers and family, the school’s relationships with families, school culture, and on learning and general achievement. It must be emphasized that the school principal as the chief executive bears the ultimate responsibility for all school programmes including the school guidance and counselling programmes. To fulfil the academic and other responsibilities, principals must understand the counselling programmes, procedures and work with the counsellor in the school to ensure the series maximally benefit pupils and students within their jurisdiction. In particular, principals and counsellors maintain amicable relationships with pupils and students, teachers, parents and support staff. Principals consult with the counsellor about the handling of cases which present particular difficulties and others that touch upon the school’s interests. This includes acute cases of emotional disturbance, illness, indiscipline, crime, violence and drug abuse. This paper advances that while both the principal and counsellor require training in counselling, principals should make use of counselling skills to function within counselling professional ethical and legal guidelines.
The school purposes in curriculum developmentMica Navarro
it includes:
Curriculum and School Purposes
Meaning and Application
School Goals and Sources of Curriculum
Data on the Learner
Data on the Contemporary Society
The Fund of Knowledge
Levels of School Goals
CURRICULUM VITAE Edwards 1
CURRICULUM VITAE Edwards 2
Markis’ Edwards
EDU 695: Supporting Diversity through 21st Century Teaching and Learning
Dr. Sherry Leialoha-Waipa
April 9, 2018
Resume
Personal information
Name: Markis G. Edwards
Gender: Male
Residence: United States of America
Phone: (601) 500- 2537
Email: [email protected]
Educational background
Ashford University October 2016-May 2018
· Major: Higher Education
· GPA: 3.9
· Honor Society (2017-2019)
· Golden Key International Honor Society (2017)
The University of Southern Mississippi August 2010-December 2015
· Major:Communication Studies, Fall 2015
· GPA: 2.52
Lakeside School, Seattle WA
· Certificate of secondary education August 2014- May 2015
Profile
I am a person who is highly responsible for anything that I am doing. Like being punctual both in time and my work, because this is the only way I can meet objectives that I set each day I start work. I am given to changing the education system and in bringing positive changes that can make the system better for both the learners and the teachers. Over the past years, I have been involved in deep research that is aimed at inventing new and better ways of teaching especially to the children with special needs who need special attention. In addition, I am highly disciplined ensuring that I team with the rest of the relevant stakeholders so as to make the system better. In addition, following hierarchy is one thing that I so much observe due to the fact that it can help me to reduce conflicts with both the high and lower administration.
Professional Experience
The Learning Tree, Inc., Mobile, AL Jan.2017-Present
Teacher Assistant
· Working one on one with students in the classroom environment
· Running teaching trials of educational goals as outlined in each student’s individual plan
· Working cooperatively with other teacher assistants and supervisors during the shift
Greek-life coordinator 2016- 2017
· Member of the Greek community
· Serving on the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and
· Taking one-year internship under Southern Miss Greek-Life’s coordinator
The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS Dec.2012-Nov. 2014
Desk Assistant
· Greeted visitors and provided them with required information
· Assisted in managing inventory of office supplies
· Check students in/out of dorm
Leadership & Volunteer Experience
Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. August 2014 – May 2015Vice President
· Elected by peers to lead the fraternity at the University. Managed a board of 7 and over 31 collegiate members.
Weekl.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
Turki Alotaibi - Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
1. Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Mr. Turki Aziz Mohammed Al Osaimi Al Otaibi
Director of the Student Counselling Programme, The Education Department, Afif, Saudi Arabia
PhD Candidate, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Research Paper Presentation
8th Annual Keele Counselling Conference
'Daring to Make an Impact: Dynamic Qualitative Research'
22nd - 23rd March 2014
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 1
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2. Background Overview of the Researcher
EDUCATION
• PhD in Education(School Counselling in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA))
• The University of Nottingham
• M.Sc. Degree in Educational Counselling and Psychology (With Merit)
The University of Nottingham
• B.Sc. in Social Sciences (With Distinction and Honor)
• The College of Teacher Preparation in Makkah
EMPLOYMENT
• Director of the Student Counselling (2009- 2013)
• Afif Education Department, KSA
• Supervisor for Student Counselling (2003-2007)
• Afif Education Department, KSA
• Student Counsellor (1996-2003)
– Intermediate Secondary Schools (Afif) (2 years)
– Secondary School (Afif) (6 years)
– Primary School (Afif) (2 years)
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 2
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3. Researcher’s Personal Positioning and Narrative
“Many people measure success by how much money they have,
or how many cars or houses they own. But for me, I measure
success by the number of people I have been able to help in my
life. My name is Turki Al Otaibi. I am the Director of the Student
Counselling Programme at the Education Department in 'Afif', a
city geographically located in central Saudi Arabia in the Najd
region. I am responsible for the appointment and supervision of
all the student counsellors in Afif. I am the line manager for
eight supervisors and for fifty school counsellors in the Afif
region. For me, school counselling is not a job, it is my life, it is
my passion. It touches my heart and I hope to bring some of
that joy to the students that I have helped and worked with.”
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 3
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
4. What is School Counselling and what are its Aims?
• British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP):
“…a professional activity delivered by qualified practitioners in schools.
Counsellors offer troubled and/or distressed children and young people an
opportunity to talk about their difficulties, within a relationship of agreed
confidentiality” (Cooper 2013, p.3)
• School counselling (or school-based counselling) services:
– Delivered by a variety of professionals, paraprofessionals, and peers (Cooper, 2013);
– Increasingly refer to the activities of ‘professionally trained counsellors’ (Cooper, 2013);
– Highly prevalent form of psychological therapy (70,000-90,000 young people) (BACP, 2013a);
– Generally offer one-to-one supportive therapy (BACP, 2013a);
– Effective in reducing psychological distress in young people (McArthur et al., 2012);
– Young people and school staff see them as accessible, helpful, non-stigmatising (Cooper, 2009);
– Have a positive impact on students’ studying and learning (Rupani et al., 2012);
– Can improve overall attendance, attainment, and behaviour of students (Pybis et al., 2012);
– Can prove to be effective for pupils that have been bullied (McElearney et al., 2013).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 4
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
5. What is the Role of the School Counsellor?
• The role of the Counsellor:
– Listening in a patient and non-judgmental way;
– Viewing problems from the perspective of those being counselled;
– Helping those being counselled to see issues more clearly and from alternative
viewpoints;
– Minimising confusion;
– Helping those counselled to make choices and changes (BACP, 2004).
• The role of the Counsellor within Schools:
Professional practitioners provide young people with the opportunity to:
– Discuss difficulties in a confidential and non-judgmental atmosphere;
– Explore the nature of their difficulties;
– Increase their self-awareness;
– Develop a better understanding of their difficulties;
– Develop the personal resources needed to manage their problems;
– Develop strategies to cope with change (BACP, 2013b).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 5
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
6. Background on School Counselling in the KSA
• Counselling in KSA:
“Counselling is the reactive process set up between a counsellor and a student through which the
counsellor gives help to the student to understand himself and recognise his capabilities and potentialities
and to give him an enlightened approach to his problem and how to encounter him. He also helps him to
enhance his responsive behaviour and to prove self-conformity with the community” (Ministry of Education,
KSA, 1995).
• Types of Counselling in Schools in KSA:
– Religious and moral counselling.
– Educational counselling.
– Vocational counselling.
– Preventive counselling.
• Tasks to be performed by the School Counsellor in KSA:
– To help the student to take full advantage of their abilities.
– Improving the positivity in regards to the Islamic faith.
– Identifying students that are talented and skilled.
– Following up on both high achievers and low level students.
– Creating and implementing plans for counselling.
– Facilitating disabled students in appropriate and suitable ways.
– Assisting students educationally, socially and psychologically.
– Achieving and maintaining harmony among all members of the educational establishment.
– To maintain harmony between parents and the school (General Administration of Counselling, 1991).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 6
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
7. Background on School Counselling in the KSA (cont)
• Point 1: Religious oversight of schools by the Ministry of Education (MoE).
• Point 2: Islamic (Sharia’ah) law requires separate male and female schooling.
• Point 3: Different educational ‘tiering’ of students (enter secondary school later).
• Point 4: School counsellors may not be sufficiently qualified or trained.
• Point 5: School counsellors may be subject to conflicts with own religion or beliefs.
• Point 6: Lack of professional identity and status, of a clearly defined role, and of
administrative support and adequate facilities (Al-Ghamdi, 1999).
• Point 7: Differences among principals regarding the role of school counsellor, which
suggests a potential for ambiguity and role conflict (Alghamdi and Riddick, 2011).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 7
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
8. Cultural Values Affecting Schools and School Counselling in KSA
• View 1: KSA is a Collectivist Society.
The ‘closed nature’ of groupings may sometimes mean young students do not feel
comfortable discussing personal or family matters, or student counsellors feel isolated.
• View 2: High level of Uncertainty Avoidance.
Highly conservative culture with many traditional and religious rules, laws, polices, and
practices restricting freedoms which may sometimes inhibit change.
• View 3: Large Power Distance.
Citizens do not have a strong political voice; no changes unless agreed by school leaders.
• View 4: Masculinity vs. Femininity.
Dominant patriarchal society; separation of males and females; restrictions on females.
• View 5: Long-Term over Short-Term Orientation.
Emphasises social order; long-term goals; difficult to make quick changes (Finney, 2004).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 8
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
9. Existing Views of the Role of School Counsellors in KSA
• View 1: the school counsellor’s role is not important.
• View 2: anyone can be a school counsellor.
• View 3: the school counsellor is there for punishments only.
• View 4: the school counsellor is not to be trusted.
• View 5: the school counsellor will not keep anything confidential.
• View 6: talk to your family not to a stranger.
• View 7: the school counsellor is never available or is never there.
• View 8: school counsellors do not do much so do not need money.
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 9
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
10. • Aim:
Research Aim and Objectives
The main aim of the research study was to investigate and
explore the challenges and problems that student counsellors
might encounter in secondary schools in Afif.
• Objectives:
– To understand the role of the school counsellor in a boys’ secondary
school in KSA.
– To understand the challenges and problems encountered by school
counsellors from the point of view of the counsellors and of the head
teachers (HTs).
– To identify the problems that result from the counsellors’ relationships
with the school administration (HTs, teachers, other staff), parents,
students, and the Ministry of Education (MoE).
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
22nd March 2014 10
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
11. Research Method
• The research method used was ‘Mixed Methods’.
• According to Creswell (2013, p.217) Mixed Methods:
– involves the collection of both qualitative (open-ended) and quantitative (closed-ended) data
in response to research questions or hypotheses;
– it includes the analysis of both forms of data;
– the qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis procedures need to be conducted
rigorously (i.e. sampling, information sources, data analysis steps);
– two forms of data are integrated in the research design (e.g. merging, connecting, embedding
the data);
– mixed methods design emphasises the timing of data collection (concurrent or consequential)
and the emphasis (equal or unequal) for each database;
– mixed methods procedures informed by a philosophical world-view or a theory.
• In this research the quantitative data was used to support any findings made in the
qualitative interviews.
• The research used a total population of 44 (21 HTs and 23 school counsellors) based
in Afif secondary schools for boys (the Participants).
• Data collection and analysis took place from 2008 to 2009.
• Qualitative Research Stage: semi-structured interviews five Participants located
within various secondary schools located in Afif.
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12. Research Method (cont)
• Extracts from Interview Questions:
– To what extent do you think that all student counsellors in Afif schools are properly qualified
and receive adequate training to do their task?
– How does the head teacher perceive the student counsellor’s role?
– What are the significant challenges and problems that the student counsellor faces in schools?
– What support does the counsellor receive from all the people and officers he must deal with?
• Quantitative Research Stage:
– Questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 12 HTs and 18 school counsellors.
– The questionnaire covered a broad range of possible problems encountered by school
counsellors from the point of view of the HTs and the school counsellors.
– The questionnaire employed a five-point scale (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never) as
responses to various issues which were represented as statements.
– The statements were divided over four dimensions relating to problems encountered by school
counsellors: (1) MoE; (2) School Administration and teachers; (3) counsellors themselves;
and (4) students and parents.
• Research Limitations:
– Study was not longitudinal and not enough time spent to obtain a larger sample.
– Gender separation in KSA meant that interviews were only carried out with males.
– The focus of the study was limited to school counsellors working in secondary schools in Afif.
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13. Findings: Major Themes
• Problems relating to the MoE.
– FINANCIAL - Insufficient financial and other support.
– UNDERSTAFFED - Insufficient number of student counsellors in schools.
– UNDERQUALIFIED – MoE does not require relevant qualifications for school counsellors.
• Problems relating to the school administration (HTs).
– REPUTATION - HTs may not take school counsellors seriously.
– WORK - HTs may believe that school counsellors does not work hard and does not achieve much.
– WORKLOADS – Heavy workloads for school counsellors as lack of administrative support provided.
• Problems relating to the school teachers.
– LACK OF UNDERSTANDING – teachers think that school counsellors have an easy job or do nothing.
– LACK OF RESPECT – teachers do not refer students or deal with school counsellors in a professional way.
• Problems relating to the school counsellors.
– UNQUALIFIED – many counsellors are not qualified and therefore do not know what to do or how to do it.
– LACK OF WORK PREPARATION – many counsellors do not prepare enough for their duties.
– DEMORALISED – many counsellors feel de-motivated and demoralised because of their work/reputation.
• Problems relating to students and parents.
– LACK OF UNDERSTANDING – many students/parents do not trust/do not understand the counsellor’s role.
– LACK OF COMMUNICATION – many students/parents do not communicate or co-operate with counsellors.
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14. Findings: Key Themes
• Understaffing (lower quality of counselling)
– “there is difficulty in the job because there are too many students to deal with in the
school” [Interviewee C3]
• De-motivated staff(lower quality of counselling)
– “There are those counsellors who are not motivated which can be detrimental to
their performance as student counsellors” [Interviewee C3]
• Lack of sufficient or adequate training (lower quality of counselling)
– “if we had more training then we would be more able to overcome the problems that
we encounter” [Interviewee C1]
– “Although there are counselling courses provided they do not last for a sufficient
amount of time and the materials provided are not suitable for the actual problems
and objectives that the counsellors must deal with” [Interviewee C1]
• Limited budgets (lower quality of counselling)
– “the budget allocated for counselling is not sufficient” [Interviewee C4]
– “my job would be much easier if I had more money so I can purchase tools and
provide additional programs for the students” [Interviewee C4]
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15. Findings: Key Themes (cont)
• A misunderstanding of the counsellor’s role (lack of co-operation)
– “teachers think that the counsellor has an easy job with a comfortable office”
[Interviewee C1]
– “the teachers consider that the role of the counsellors is to simply give out
punishments, if the student misbehaves or neglects their homework, they are
referred to the counsellor by the teacher” [Interviewee C2]
• Cultural traditions or behaviours (obstacles to effective counselling)
– Lack of trust between student and student counsellor.
– Students discussing problems seen as a sign of weakness.
– Closed society and tribal and familial bonds mean private matters stay private.
– Parents disapprove of student counselling services – ‘keep it in the family’.
– “because of the culture and society in Saudi Arabia it is common for parents to be
uncomfortable with the involvement of the counsellor in their son’s life because they
are considered private for the family” [Interviewee C4]
– “we only see parents when their sons have a problem or are in trouble”
[Interviewee C5]
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16. Interpretation and Discussion of Research
• THE SAME:
– Saudi children are just like other children around the world.
– They are vulnerable.
– They need to be understood and listened to.
– Many may not be able to talk to friends or parents (e.g. religious reasons).
• OBSTACLES:
– Lack of support by HTs, students, parents, MoE, and general public.
– Lack of awareness by everybody – no one talks about it.
– Financial restrictions – lack of financial budgets; no training; no facilities.
• CULTURE:
– Saudi culture/tradition may make it difficult for school counsellors to be accepted.
– Less open and hierarchical society – need more support by the MoE and HTs.
• FACILITATION:
– School counsellors need more help, more training, more money.
– They need help and advice from other experienced counsellors.
– Increased co-operation from other education institutions.
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17. Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School Counsellors
• In order to challenge existing views in Saudi society, school
counsellors need many different types of support.
– More training for student counsellors.
– More qualified student counsellors.
– More professional and academic research.
– More administrative support.
– Increased financial support.
– Increased authority and autonomy.
– Increased collaboration between counsellors.
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18. Daring to Make an Impact: Dynamic Changes Made
Dynamic Changes made as Director of Student Counselling in Afif:
• Change 1:
– All student counsellors in Afif have minimum educational qualifications, i.e. they
have graduated in relevant counselling, psychology, or social work subjects.
• Change 2:
– Established a trial Centre for Counselling Services in one school so students,
teachers, or parents can attend to obtain confidential counselling or guidance.
• Change 3:
– Established and distributed to schools a confidential email address for (both male
and female) students, teachers, parents, or student counsellors to deal with any
counselling issues in a private and confidential manner.
• Change 4:
– Established regular 1 week training courses offered every school semester to
inform student counsellors about counselling, to undertake workshops, or to
inform them about new counselling news, or new journals or magazines relating
to student counselling, or to talk about school counselling issues.
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19. Daring to Make an Impact: Personal Research Undertaken
• 3 Year PhD Research into School Counselling in the KSA, The University of Nottingham
• First year of my PhD research – completing ‘Confirmation of Status’ Paper in May 2014.
• Literature Review has shown that there is a lack of relevant research in this area.
• Currently researching ways into understanding the existing problems surrounding school counsellors,
the views of school counsellors, and potential solutions to school counselling problems in KSA.
• This would include using interventions that might use specially designed school counsellor
training and materials to improve counselling practices or in-depth interviews, or both.
• Supervisors:
Dr Belinda Harris Dr Max Biddulph
Director of Postgraduate Taught Courses Lecturer
Faculty of Social Sciences Faculty of Social Sciences
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/education/people/belinda.harris http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/education/people/max.biddulph
Harris (2010) Biddulph (2008a)
Harris (2013) Biddulph (2008b)
Harris (2014) Biddulph (2010)
Regel et al. (2010) Biddulph (2012)
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20. Daring to Make an Impact: Future Research
• Areas for Future research into School Counselling in the KSA:
– How counselling in schools should operate (official guidelines, use of case notes,
confidentiality notices, feedback systems, parental interest and involvement).
– Setting up a counselling service in schools.
– Support by HTs and other Teachers.
– Support by the Government of the KSA and by the MoE.
– Procedures for employing a counsellor in a school (minimum qualifications,
personal qualities, record checks, insurance issues).
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21. • Al-Ghamdi, S. A. (1999). Perceptions of the role of the secondary school counsellor in Saudi Arabia
(November), Thesis University of Hull [Online] [Accessed 10 March 2014] Available from:
https://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8039
• Al-Ghamdi, N.G. and Riddick, B. (2011). ‘Principals’ Perceptions of the School Counsellor Role in Saudi Arabia’,
33(4) International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, pp.347-360
• BACP (2004). Counselling Children and Young People: A Systematic Scoping Review, (Rugby: British
Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy)
• BACP (2013a). 'School-based counselling – what it is and why we need it', May, (British Association for
Counselling and Psychotherapy)
• BACP (2013b). 'Written Evidence: Children and Young People Committee Inquiry into the attendance and
behaviour of pupils in Wales', ABO3 Evidence from British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy
• Biddulph, M. (2008a). Opening Hearts: Challenging Homophobia and Homophobic Bullying in the Primary
School. An evaluation of the Pilot Study in North Derbyshire Derbyshire Healthy Schools
• Biddulph, M. (2008b). Stolen intimacies: (Auto)narratives of *MSM, HIV, spaces and sexualities *men who
have sex with men, Auto/biography Yearbook 2008, pp.171-193
• Biddulph, M. (2010). Can only Dorothy’s friends speak for Dorothy? Exploring issues of biographical
positioning in qualitative research with gay/bisexual men. In: HUBER, T., ed., Storied inquiries in international
landscapes: an anthology of educational research Information Age Publishing
• Biddulph, M. (2012). Sexualities and citizenship education. In: ARTHUR, J. and CREMIN, H., eds., Debates in
citizenship education Routledge. 100-114
• Cooper, M. (2009). 'Counselling in UK secondary schools: A comprehensive review of audit and evaluation
studies', (9(3) Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, pp.137-150
• Cooper, M. (2013). School-based counselling in UK Secondary Schools: A review and critical evaluation,
University of Strathclyde: Glasgow
References
Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
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22. References (cont)
Creswell, J.W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th edn (SAGE
Publications, Inc)
Finney, M.K. (2004). 'Saudi Arabia Typologies Hofstede's Value Dimensions', DePauw University,
[Online] [Accessed 10 March 2014] Available from:
http://dpuadweb.depauw.edu/$1~mkfinney/teaching/Com227/culturalPortfolios/Saudi_Arabia/Typologies.htm
General Administration of Counselling (1991). Guidance of Student Counsellor in Saudi Arabia, (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia).
Harris, B. (2010). 'Reclaiming the radical legacy of Gestalt education in contemporary educational practice', 19(1)
British Gestalt Journal, pp.19-25
Harris, B. (2013). International School-based Counselling: A review of school-based counselling internationally, (BACP
& Department of Health)
Harris, B. (2014). Gestalt. In: M.A.ROBSON, S.PATTISON and A.BEYNON, eds., The Handbook for Counselling Children
and Young People First. Sage. (In Press.)
Harris, B. and Pattison, S. (2004). Research on counselling children and young people: a systematic scoping review,
(BACP)
McArthur, K., Cooper, M. and Berdondini, L. (2012). 'School-based humanistic counselling for psychological distress in
young people: Pilot randomized controlled trial', Psychotherapy Research
Ministry of Education (1995). Education Policy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia).
Pybis, J., Hill, A., Cooper, M. and Cromarty, K. (2012). 'A comparative analysis of the attitudes of key stakeholder
groups to the Welsh Government's school-based counselling strategy', 40(5) British Journal of Guidance & Counselling,
pp.485-498
Regel, J.S., Harris, B. and Murphy, D. (2010). What to expect when being counselled for post-traumatic stress,
(Lutterworth: BACP)
Rupani, P., Haughey, N. and Cooper, M. (2012). 'The impact of school-based counselling on young people's capacity to
study and learn', 40(5) British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, pp.499-514
McElearney, A., Adamson, G., Shevlin, M. and Bunting, B. (2013). 'Impact Evaluation of a School-based Counselling
Intervention in Northern Ireland: Is it Effective for Pupils Who Have Been Bullied?' 19(1) Child Care in Practice, pp.4-22
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23. Challenging Existing Views of the Role of School
Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Mr. Turki Aziz Mohammed Al Osaimi Al Otaibi
Director of the Student Counselling Programme, The Education Department, Afif, Saudi Arabia
PhD Candidate, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Research Paper Presentation
8th Annual Keele Counselling Conference
'Daring to Make an Impact: Dynamic Qualitative Research'
22nd - 23rd March 2014
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Counsellors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Editor's Notes
I am currently studying for a 3 year PhD in Education at the University of Nottingham.
As part of my studies I am currently in the process of writing about my personal history and how that affects my work and my views about school counselling.
I thought I would share this extract from my work because it highlights how I view school counselling.
For me, school counselling is not a job, it is my life, it is my passion.
This is why I am involved in this conference in order to show other people the difficulties that school counsellors have in Saudi Arabia.
Point 1: MoE prepares students to be believe in God (Allah), to understand Islam in the correct way (free of innovation), and to develop students mentally, socially and academically. Religious oversight and direction within schools may be difficult to adapt to for some younger students.
Point 2: May be difficult for younger students to adjust to school surroundings (when other countries do not have this separation), and male schools may be have an increasingly “masculine” culture.
Point 3: TIERING STAGES: Kindergarten (4-6 years) (emphasise that OPTIONAL); Elementary (6-12 years); Intermediate (12-15 years); Secondary (15-18 years). Students come to secondary schools later in life (UK=11 years old) and may have already learned to take care of themselves, so may be less reliant on school counsellors.
Point 4: They may find it difficult to cope with approaching students; may find it difficult developing an ‘approachable’ and ‘trustworthy’ manner; or counselling in difficult areas such as mental and behavioural health problems (e.g. depression, self-harm, anorexia, bulimia).
Point 5: Student counsellors may be approached by students who wish to discuss problems, worries, or behaviour which conflicts with Shari’ah or religious teachings, or against the student counsellor’s own beliefs, e.g. sex, abortion,
Point 6:
Point 7:
Individualism vs. Collectivism
Saudi Arabia is a collectivist society. They place great value in not only their physical family, but also their spiritual family. Members act for the good of the group, not for any individual goals.
Uncertainty Avoidance
Saudi Arabia has a high level of uncertainty avoidance. They are very conservative, and have many rules, laws, and policies that restrict freedoms, which prohibits change. Many outside influences counter to their own are not only persecuted, but often outlawed.
Power Distance
Saudi Arabia has a large power distance. This is partly due to the monarchy in power. The citizens do not have a strong political voice, and the rules of the land are decided by the king and the Koran. Within the family, the elders are at the top of the hierarchy, while the children and youth are at the bottom.
Masculinity vs. Femininity
Saudi Arabia has one of the largest male/female gaps. The life of a woman is very restricted, with laws concerning leaving the house, dress code, and servitude to the male. Consequences for breaking out of these sex-based roles are strongly punished.
Long- and Short-term Orientation
Saudi Arabia ranks high in long-term orientation due to their emphasis on social order, seen in their strong respect for their elders, and the emphasis they place on long-range goals as opposed to short-term results.