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Tsl641 Lecture 1
- 1. TSL641: CALLLecture 1: Introduction
- 2. Introduction to CALLDefinitionCALLApplications/MaterialsHistory of CALLDisciplines Related to CALLCAIGeneric CALLMicrosoft WordsContent
- 3. Computer-assisted language learning(CALL) was the expression agreed upon at the 1983 TESOL convention in a meeting of all interested participants.
- 4. This term iswidely used to refer to the area of technology and second language teaching and learning despite the fact that revisions for the term are suggested regularly (Chapelle, 2001, p. 3). What is CALL? Definition
- 5. Computer Assisted LanguageLearning (CALL) may also be defined as the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning (Levy, 1997, p.1).What is CALL? Definition
- 6. Given the breadthof what may go on in computer-assisted language learning (CALL), a definition of CALL that accommodates its changing nature is any process in which a learner uses a computer and, as a result, improves his or her language(Beatty, 2003, p. 7).What is CALL? Definition
- 7. CALL has cometo encompass issues of materials design, technologies, pedagogical theoriesand modes of instruction. What is CALL?
- 8. Materials for CALLcan include those which are purpose-made for language learning and those which adapt existing computer-based materials, video and other materials (Beatty, 2003, pp. 7-8).What is CALL?
- 9. CALL - Computer-assistedlanguage learning, sometimes expanded as computer-aided language learning
- 10. CELL - Computer-enhancedlanguage learning: suggests the computer's role is to make learning better
- 11. TELL - Technology-enhancedlanguage learning: this accommodates more than just computers, often bringing in video and seeing the computer as just one part of a larger system. It is increasingly popular as a generic term
- 12. TALL - Technology-assistedlanguage learning: variant of CALL and TELL
- 13. CALI - Computer-assistedlanguage instruction: with "instruction" in it, it's more teaching oriented
- 14. CBLT - Computer-basedlanguage training: views elements of language learning as "training" and tends to use an approach with definable, measurable objectives
- 15. IT and ICT- Information Technology/Information and Communication Technologies are common acronyms outside of language teaching, particularly in Europe; sometimes this is presented as IT or ICT for LT (Language Teaching)
- 16. NBLT - Network-BasedLanguage Teaching: focuses on computer-mediated communication and the webOther Acronyms
- 17. Two distinct typesof Applications or materials for CALL
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- 19. CALL Software ApplicationCALLApplications/Materials
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- 21. Multi-purpose programsNOT designedfor language learning and teaching’
- 22. E.g. – MSWords, MS Power Point, MS Excel
- 23.
- 24. Computer-mediated-communication (CMC) E-mail,weblog, chat, discussion group, SMS etc
- 25. Writing, grammar, speaking,listening
- 26. Web-Browser – usingthe World Wide Web for Language teaching and learning
- 27. Authoring Package –Macromedia Flash, Director, ToolBook, Authorware (can be used for any subjects)CALL Applications/Materials
- 28. GenericAdaptation of existingcomputer-based materials, videos and others. Extremely useful in language teaching when used in well-designed activities which seek to apply aspects of the functionality of the software to language learning situations. For example, the use of a word-processor to encourage drafting, critical reflection and editing is an excellent use of generic software to further a number of language learning objectives.CALL Applications/Materials
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- 30. Programs designed specificallyto promote language learning
- 31. Designed to promoteexplicit or implied language learning objectives and are usually based on the software authors' beliefs about the ways in which students learn languages. CALL Applications/Materials
- 32. Offer support inthe acquisition of knowledge about language and in the application of that knowledge both in discrete and in mixed skill activities.
- 33. Can be content-specificinthat the teacher cannot change the linguistic content or the format of the activities which seek to teach that content.
- 34. Multimedia software suppliedon CD-ROM is content-specific because it is impossible to make any changes to itCALL Applications/Materials
- 35. CALL software applicationscan also be content-free in that the teacher can provide the content which the software then uses as data for the pre-programmed activities
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- 43. CALL Applications- AuthoringSoftware
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- 47. There are manyother easy-to-use authoring packages, for example:
- 48. JClic: A freewareapplication, formerly know simply as CLIC, developed by FrancescBusquets, for the development of multimedia activities for language learners. With JClic you can create different types of activities: puzzles, associations, crosswords, identification activities, exploration activities, open-ended answers, multiple choice, etc. CALL Applications – Authoring Software
- 49. ContentGenerator: Flash-based toolsfor the generation of quizzes, games and other applications.
- 50. Hot Potatoes: Thissoftware was especially developed to create Web-based language exercises, including multiple choice, gap-filling, matching, jumbled sentences, crosswords and short text entry. It is used extensively on websites that provide interactive exercises and tests. Visit the Hot Potatoes website to find out more, download the software and see lots of examples: http://hotpot.uvic.ca. See Winke & MacGregor (2001) for a review of Hot Potatoes. CALL Applications – Authoring Software
- 51. MaxAuthor, an authoringsystem used to create the Critical Language Seriesseries of Web materials and CD-ROMs at the University of Arizona. It is available free of charge.
- 52. Quandary, a packagefrom the Hot Potatoes team (see above).What is an Action Maze?
- 53. Quia: Includes lotsof ready-made examples in foreign languages and a variety of other subjects - all submitted by keen registered users.
- 54. TaskMagic by mdlsoft.co.ukis another easy-to-use authoring package, ideally suited for creating exercises suitable for children of secondary school age. It includes a range of multiple-choice, gap-filling and matching exercises, including exercises containing audio stiumuli.
- 55. SpellMaster, a simpleauthoring package for creating vocabulary exercises.
- 56. Vokabel: Vocabulary TrainingExercises. Choose an exisiting quiz of create your own.
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- 58. Instant Online CrosswordPuzzle Maker at http://www.puzzle-maker.com/CW/.
- 59. Here's another one,called EclipseCrossword: http://www.greeneclipsesoftware.com/eclipsecrossword/. CALL Applications – Authoring Software
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- 61. Confined to universitieswith prestigious computer science department
- 62. Only on bigmainframe computers
- 63. The PLATO Project (1960, University of Illinois)
- 64. Programmed Logic forAutomatic Teaching Operations
- 65. A drill &practice materials – more on vocabulary and grammar drill
- 66. TICCIT project (1971,Brigham Young University) (Time-Shared, Interactive, Computer Controlled Information Television)
- 67. Combined TV andcomputerHistory of CALL
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- 70. Apple the mostpopular
- 71. Boom in CALLas well
- 72. CALL reached themasses
- 73. The professional associationsCALICO (1983) & EUROCALL (1986) are established
- 74. Teachers were moreinvolved in CALL design
- 75. Word-processing came intothe picture
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- 77. An authoring systemwas popular
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- 79. Reconstruct a text,word by word, History of CALL
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- 81. Advent of theWeb, the Internet, the world wide network of networks
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- 83. In Malaysia probablyaround 1996
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- 89. Broadband becomes morewidely available, opening up new possibilities for delivering audio and video materials via the Web.
- 90. Blogs and podcastsappear.
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- 92. And many moretechnologies will appear
- 93. Thus, CALL willevolve, as technologies advancesHistory of CALL
- 94. Web 2.0Refers towhat is perceived as a second generation of web development and web design. It is characterized as facilitating communication, information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design[1] and collaboration on the World Wide Web. It has led to the development and evolution of web-based communities, hosted services, and web applications. Examples include social-networking sites, video-sharing sites, wikis, blogs, mashups and folksonomies.History of CALL
- 95.
- 96. WEB 3.0The predictedthird generation of the World Wide Web, usually conjectured to include semantictagging of content. Does not exist yet.FUTURE OF CALL
- 97. Disciplines Related toCALLHuman-Computer InteractionInstructional Technology and DesignPsychologyEducational TechnologyApplied LinguisticsDisciplines Related to CALLArtificial IntelligenceComputer-Assisted AssessmentComputer-Supported Collaborative Learning.Corpus LinguisticsComputational Linguistics
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- 100. Computers are used‘to guide the user through a prescribed course of learning and testing.
- 101. The computer assumesthe role of teacher, asking questions and assessing the user’s responses
- 102. It refers tothe use of computer as a tool to facilitate and improve instruction.
- 103. All are approachesto present topics and test students’ understanding.CAI – Computer Assisted Instruction
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- 109. Real situations (e.g.flight simulations)
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- 111. Series of problemsand questions to be solved
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- 116. All types ofprograms can be combined into one courseware or websites Types of CAI - Programs
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- 124. Test – e.g.TOEFL
- 125. Thank YouPlease visitthe blog for today’s lecture notes