The document discusses pervious concrete mixtures and common issues that arise. It provides information on:
- The National Pervious Concrete Pavement Association's mission to promote pervious concrete.
- Key considerations for pervious concrete mixtures including void content, strength, workability.
- Common mixture issues like water content, admixture dosing, and proportions.
- Potential causes and remedies for common problems with pervious concrete related to workability, raveling, and more.
This document discusses the importance of proper site design for pervious concrete pavements. It outlines how poor site designs can lead to clogging and failure of pervious concrete if sediment and runoff are not properly managed. The presentation provides examples of good site designs that isolate sediment, include backup drainage systems like swales and trench drains, and protect pervious concrete from runoff from impervious surfaces. It emphasizes communicating with designers early in the process to implement best practices and prevent costly issues later on. The goal is to educate people on site design and protect the growing pervious concrete market.
Decorative concrete requires more attention to detail and quality control compared to standard concrete. Aesthetic treatments like pigments, stains, and exposed aggregates influence the final appearance. Proper joint sealants and sealers help protect the concrete and prevent damage over time. Maintaining decorative concrete requires following the product system manufacturer's guidelines to preserve the desired look.
The document summarizes a workshop about permeable paving. It discusses how permeable paving can help control stormwater runoff through infiltration and storage in aggregate layers below the pavement. Key benefits include eliminating detention ponds, replenishing groundwater, improving water quality by filtering pollutants, and providing traction control on roads by reducing ice and water. The document also provides details on permeable pavement components, soil infiltration rates, examples of permeable pavement installations, and pollutant removal effectiveness.
Green technologies like pervious concrete and porous asphalt are being increasingly used in road construction in India. Pervious concrete allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and admixtures with high porosity (16% void space). Porous asphalt also has high porosity and consists of layers of asphalt, crushed aggregates, and geotextile. Both technologies reduce stormwater runoff and promote groundwater recharge compared to conventional pavements. They also provide environmental, economic, and safety benefits.
This document summarizes a study on the characteristics of pervious concrete. The study tested 7 different mixes of pervious concrete that varied the type and size of coarse aggregate and use of fine aggregate. 42 concrete specimens were cast and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, and void ratio. The mix with river sand fine aggregate and 12mm coarse aggregate (M4) performed best with 83% higher compressive strength, 72% higher flexural strength, and 51% lower void ratio than the control mix without fine aggregate (M1). In general, the addition of fine aggregate improved the strength of pervious concrete while reducing the void ratio.
This document discusses the importance of proper site design for pervious concrete pavements. It outlines how poor site designs can lead to clogging and failure of pervious concrete if sediment and runoff are not properly managed. The presentation provides examples of good site designs that isolate sediment, include backup drainage systems like swales and trench drains, and protect pervious concrete from runoff from impervious surfaces. It emphasizes communicating with designers early in the process to implement best practices and prevent costly issues later on. The goal is to educate people on site design and protect the growing pervious concrete market.
Decorative concrete requires more attention to detail and quality control compared to standard concrete. Aesthetic treatments like pigments, stains, and exposed aggregates influence the final appearance. Proper joint sealants and sealers help protect the concrete and prevent damage over time. Maintaining decorative concrete requires following the product system manufacturer's guidelines to preserve the desired look.
The document summarizes a workshop about permeable paving. It discusses how permeable paving can help control stormwater runoff through infiltration and storage in aggregate layers below the pavement. Key benefits include eliminating detention ponds, replenishing groundwater, improving water quality by filtering pollutants, and providing traction control on roads by reducing ice and water. The document also provides details on permeable pavement components, soil infiltration rates, examples of permeable pavement installations, and pollutant removal effectiveness.
Green technologies like pervious concrete and porous asphalt are being increasingly used in road construction in India. Pervious concrete allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, and admixtures with high porosity (16% void space). Porous asphalt also has high porosity and consists of layers of asphalt, crushed aggregates, and geotextile. Both technologies reduce stormwater runoff and promote groundwater recharge compared to conventional pavements. They also provide environmental, economic, and safety benefits.
This document summarizes a study on the characteristics of pervious concrete. The study tested 7 different mixes of pervious concrete that varied the type and size of coarse aggregate and use of fine aggregate. 42 concrete specimens were cast and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, and void ratio. The mix with river sand fine aggregate and 12mm coarse aggregate (M4) performed best with 83% higher compressive strength, 72% higher flexural strength, and 51% lower void ratio than the control mix without fine aggregate (M1). In general, the addition of fine aggregate improved the strength of pervious concrete while reducing the void ratio.
The document discusses the design and properties of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete with high porosity (around 30%) that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It is made without fine aggregates like sand. The study designed a pervious concrete mix without sand but with silica fume additive to increase strength according to ACI code. The mix is intended to be used for parking areas and roads to easily transmit water to the ground, maintaining groundwater levels. Pervious concrete has benefits like reduced runoff and flooding, increased groundwater recharge, and ability to filter pollutants from water.
An Experimental Paper on Compressive Strength of Pervious Concreteijtsrd
Pervious concrete has been in use in many countries over more than a century. Its higher porosity helps in percolating rain water directly to ground and thereby helps in recharging groundwater aquifer. In this study, pervious concrete of sizes of 6.3mm size aggregate were prepared with different water cement ratios to find the compressive strength. The purpose of this project is to analyze the feasibility of producing highly sustainable no fine concrete mixtures and evaluating the effect of W c ratio on the properties of pervious concrete. Porous concrete is produced by using ordinary Portland cement, coarse aggregates, and water. This concrete is tested for its property compressive strength. The results showed that the water cement ratio showed significant effect on compressive strength of Pervious concrete. S. Suryasri | Mr. K. S. B. Prasad "An Experimental Paper on Compressive Strength of Pervious Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28121.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/transport-engineering/28121/an-experimental-paper-on-compressive-strength-of-pervious-concrete/s-suryasri
Pervious concrete allows water to pass directly through, reducing runoff and allowing groundwater recharge. It consists of cement, coarse aggregate, and 15-35% voids. It has strengths of 3.5-28 MPa and permeability of 120 L/m2/min. Applications include low-traffic pavements, parking areas, and sidewalks. Advantages are reduced runoff, groundwater recharge, and no need for retention ponds. Maintenance is required and it has lower strength than conventional concrete.
The document discusses pervious cement concrete pavement, which is designed to allow stormwater to infiltrate rather than run off. It can absorb 36,000 mm of water per hour through its porous structure. Pervious pavement is mostly used for low-traffic areas like sidewalks, driveways, and parking lots. The document outlines the materials, properties, design considerations, construction process, maintenance needs, and environmental benefits of pervious cement concrete pavement.
This document summarizes a study of permeable concrete pavement conducted by students. It includes an introduction to permeable pavement and its benefits. The materials required for permeable concrete are described, such as cement, aggregates, fly ash and water. Tests conducted on the materials include compression testing of concrete specimens, aggregate abrasion testing, and water absorption testing. The design of permeable pavement systems and the structural design process are overviewed. Installation and maintenance of permeable concrete are also summarized. Experimental results on concrete compressive strength are shown. Further work is identified, and references are provided.
Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with little to no fine material that allows water to pass through it. It is made using the same methods as conventional concrete but with an open graded aggregate structure. Pervious concrete undergoes various lab tests to determine properties like slump, air content, permeability, and strength. It has many applications where drainage is important such as sidewalks, roads, parking lots, tennis courts, and pool decks.
Permeable pavement allows stormwater runoff to filter through voids in the pavement into an underlying stone reservoir, where it is temporarily stored or infiltrated. There are various permeable pavement surfaces like pervious concrete and porous asphalt. The major design goals are maximizing nutrient removal and runoff reduction. Design considerations include soil infiltration rates, structural loading capacity, and reservoir layer sizing. Proper construction and long-term maintenance like periodic vacuum sweeping are required to prevent surface clogging and ensure effective performance.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from Kakatiya University. The project investigates the effect of material proportions on the engineering properties of pervious concrete. It includes an introduction to pervious concrete, a literature review on previous studies of pervious concrete, and experimental testing and results analyzing the properties of pervious concrete mixes with varying material proportions. The report is presented to fulfill the students' degree requirements under the guidance of their project supervisor.
Concrete is normally not permeable but Tarmac has developed a permeable concrete called Topmix Permeable that can absorb large amounts of water quickly. It is being marketed to help with flash flooding issues by allowing water to drain through the surface into an underground base. The Topmix Permeable concrete can absorb 880 gallons of water per minute per square area by using a permeable layer on top that allows water to seep through into a loose rubble base below. This helps drain stormwater and remove pollutants before returning it to the water table while also helping to cool the surface on hot days by storing water.
This document provides information on subfloor preparation and moisture mitigation for concrete slabs. It discusses concrete slab basics, sources of moisture in slabs and testing methodologies. It also reviews treatments for slabs with moisture issues, including penetrating sealers, topical sealers, epoxy coatings, cementitious overlays, and dual-function adhesives. The document also addresses repairing defects in concrete surfaces using cement-based products, and repairing cracks through mechanical preparation and cleaning. Proper subfloor preparation and moisture mitigation is important to prevent future moisture-related flooring issues.
PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SYSTEMS AND TOP MIX PERMEABLE PAVEMENTG.Ajith Kumar
This document summarizes a technical seminar presented on permeable pavement systems, specifically top mix permeable concrete. It defines permeable pavement that allows stormwater infiltration and discusses common types. It then focuses on advancements in pervious concrete, describing top mix permeable concrete as a fast-draining solution that directs stormwater runoff. The document outlines the water absorption capabilities and stormwater management benefits of top mix permeable concrete.
This document is prepared for our major project submission for B.tech degree. the project deals with improvement of compressive strength of pervious concrete with out affecting its permeability property much.
The document discusses troubleshooting pervious concrete mixtures and placements. It summarizes common issues such as changes in workability over time or between loads. Potential causes include changes in water content, mixture proportions, admixture dosages, and ambient temperatures. The document provides recommendations for actions like checking aggregate moisture, verifying batch proportions and admixture dosages, increasing hydration stabilizers, and adjusting water-cement ratios. The overall goal is to recognize and address issues in order to control mixture quality and prevent pervious concrete failures.
Pervious concrete (also called porous concrete, permeable concrete, no fines concrete and porous pavement) is a special type of concrete with a high porosity used for concrete flatwork applications that allows water from precipitation and other sources to pass directly through, thereby reducing the runoff from a site and allowing groundwater recharge. ...
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Porous Pavement in Cold Climates Part 1: Design, Installation, Maintenance. Robert Roseen and Thomas Ballestero, UNH Stormwater Center (presentation given March 17, 2011)
Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It was first used in Europe in the 1800s and became popular again in the 1920s for homes in Scotland and England. The mix design includes aggregates, cementitious materials, and water, with void contents between 15-30% and water-cement ratios of 0.28-0.40. Pervious concrete is used for flatwork applications and subgrade installations, and provides environmental, safety, and economic benefits like reduced runoff and maintenance costs, though it also has disadvantages like needing extended curing times.
This document discusses pricing strategies and concepts from Chapter 14. It begins with 10 questions about pricing objectives, strategies, and consumer psychology. Key points include the 5 major pricing objectives, factors that influence price sensitivity, and ways companies can initiate price increases such as unbundling or discount reduction. The document also covers price adaptation strategies like geographical pricing and differentiated pricing. It provides examples of how consumers perceive prices based on reference points, quality inferences, and other psychological factors.
The document discusses the design and properties of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete with high porosity (around 30%) that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It is made without fine aggregates like sand. The study designed a pervious concrete mix without sand but with silica fume additive to increase strength according to ACI code. The mix is intended to be used for parking areas and roads to easily transmit water to the ground, maintaining groundwater levels. Pervious concrete has benefits like reduced runoff and flooding, increased groundwater recharge, and ability to filter pollutants from water.
An Experimental Paper on Compressive Strength of Pervious Concreteijtsrd
Pervious concrete has been in use in many countries over more than a century. Its higher porosity helps in percolating rain water directly to ground and thereby helps in recharging groundwater aquifer. In this study, pervious concrete of sizes of 6.3mm size aggregate were prepared with different water cement ratios to find the compressive strength. The purpose of this project is to analyze the feasibility of producing highly sustainable no fine concrete mixtures and evaluating the effect of W c ratio on the properties of pervious concrete. Porous concrete is produced by using ordinary Portland cement, coarse aggregates, and water. This concrete is tested for its property compressive strength. The results showed that the water cement ratio showed significant effect on compressive strength of Pervious concrete. S. Suryasri | Mr. K. S. B. Prasad "An Experimental Paper on Compressive Strength of Pervious Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28121.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/transport-engineering/28121/an-experimental-paper-on-compressive-strength-of-pervious-concrete/s-suryasri
Pervious concrete allows water to pass directly through, reducing runoff and allowing groundwater recharge. It consists of cement, coarse aggregate, and 15-35% voids. It has strengths of 3.5-28 MPa and permeability of 120 L/m2/min. Applications include low-traffic pavements, parking areas, and sidewalks. Advantages are reduced runoff, groundwater recharge, and no need for retention ponds. Maintenance is required and it has lower strength than conventional concrete.
The document discusses pervious cement concrete pavement, which is designed to allow stormwater to infiltrate rather than run off. It can absorb 36,000 mm of water per hour through its porous structure. Pervious pavement is mostly used for low-traffic areas like sidewalks, driveways, and parking lots. The document outlines the materials, properties, design considerations, construction process, maintenance needs, and environmental benefits of pervious cement concrete pavement.
This document summarizes a study of permeable concrete pavement conducted by students. It includes an introduction to permeable pavement and its benefits. The materials required for permeable concrete are described, such as cement, aggregates, fly ash and water. Tests conducted on the materials include compression testing of concrete specimens, aggregate abrasion testing, and water absorption testing. The design of permeable pavement systems and the structural design process are overviewed. Installation and maintenance of permeable concrete are also summarized. Experimental results on concrete compressive strength are shown. Further work is identified, and references are provided.
Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with little to no fine material that allows water to pass through it. It is made using the same methods as conventional concrete but with an open graded aggregate structure. Pervious concrete undergoes various lab tests to determine properties like slump, air content, permeability, and strength. It has many applications where drainage is important such as sidewalks, roads, parking lots, tennis courts, and pool decks.
Permeable pavement allows stormwater runoff to filter through voids in the pavement into an underlying stone reservoir, where it is temporarily stored or infiltrated. There are various permeable pavement surfaces like pervious concrete and porous asphalt. The major design goals are maximizing nutrient removal and runoff reduction. Design considerations include soil infiltration rates, structural loading capacity, and reservoir layer sizing. Proper construction and long-term maintenance like periodic vacuum sweeping are required to prevent surface clogging and ensure effective performance.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from Kakatiya University. The project investigates the effect of material proportions on the engineering properties of pervious concrete. It includes an introduction to pervious concrete, a literature review on previous studies of pervious concrete, and experimental testing and results analyzing the properties of pervious concrete mixes with varying material proportions. The report is presented to fulfill the students' degree requirements under the guidance of their project supervisor.
Concrete is normally not permeable but Tarmac has developed a permeable concrete called Topmix Permeable that can absorb large amounts of water quickly. It is being marketed to help with flash flooding issues by allowing water to drain through the surface into an underground base. The Topmix Permeable concrete can absorb 880 gallons of water per minute per square area by using a permeable layer on top that allows water to seep through into a loose rubble base below. This helps drain stormwater and remove pollutants before returning it to the water table while also helping to cool the surface on hot days by storing water.
This document provides information on subfloor preparation and moisture mitigation for concrete slabs. It discusses concrete slab basics, sources of moisture in slabs and testing methodologies. It also reviews treatments for slabs with moisture issues, including penetrating sealers, topical sealers, epoxy coatings, cementitious overlays, and dual-function adhesives. The document also addresses repairing defects in concrete surfaces using cement-based products, and repairing cracks through mechanical preparation and cleaning. Proper subfloor preparation and moisture mitigation is important to prevent future moisture-related flooring issues.
PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SYSTEMS AND TOP MIX PERMEABLE PAVEMENTG.Ajith Kumar
This document summarizes a technical seminar presented on permeable pavement systems, specifically top mix permeable concrete. It defines permeable pavement that allows stormwater infiltration and discusses common types. It then focuses on advancements in pervious concrete, describing top mix permeable concrete as a fast-draining solution that directs stormwater runoff. The document outlines the water absorption capabilities and stormwater management benefits of top mix permeable concrete.
This document is prepared for our major project submission for B.tech degree. the project deals with improvement of compressive strength of pervious concrete with out affecting its permeability property much.
The document discusses troubleshooting pervious concrete mixtures and placements. It summarizes common issues such as changes in workability over time or between loads. Potential causes include changes in water content, mixture proportions, admixture dosages, and ambient temperatures. The document provides recommendations for actions like checking aggregate moisture, verifying batch proportions and admixture dosages, increasing hydration stabilizers, and adjusting water-cement ratios. The overall goal is to recognize and address issues in order to control mixture quality and prevent pervious concrete failures.
Pervious concrete (also called porous concrete, permeable concrete, no fines concrete and porous pavement) is a special type of concrete with a high porosity used for concrete flatwork applications that allows water from precipitation and other sources to pass directly through, thereby reducing the runoff from a site and allowing groundwater recharge. ...
pervious concrete cost vs concrete
pervious concrete cost
pervious concrete paving
pervious concrete driveway
pervious concrete companies
pervious concrete installation
pervious concrete patio
pervious concrete cost per yard
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics pdf
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
seminar topic for civil engineering pdf
Porous Pavement in Cold Climates Part 1: Design, Installation, Maintenance. Robert Roseen and Thomas Ballestero, UNH Stormwater Center (presentation given March 17, 2011)
Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. It was first used in Europe in the 1800s and became popular again in the 1920s for homes in Scotland and England. The mix design includes aggregates, cementitious materials, and water, with void contents between 15-30% and water-cement ratios of 0.28-0.40. Pervious concrete is used for flatwork applications and subgrade installations, and provides environmental, safety, and economic benefits like reduced runoff and maintenance costs, though it also has disadvantages like needing extended curing times.
This document discusses pricing strategies and concepts from Chapter 14. It begins with 10 questions about pricing objectives, strategies, and consumer psychology. Key points include the 5 major pricing objectives, factors that influence price sensitivity, and ways companies can initiate price increases such as unbundling or discount reduction. The document also covers price adaptation strategies like geographical pricing and differentiated pricing. It provides examples of how consumers perceive prices based on reference points, quality inferences, and other psychological factors.
D.S. Brown stands alone as the leading manufacturer of engineered products in use on the world’s most significant infrastructure projects. Our advanced construction materials are specified for landmark bridge structures and critical airfield repairs worldwide.
Long-life concrete pavements in several countries were studied to identify techniques for achieving longer-lasting concrete pavements in the US. Key findings included the use of standard catalog designs optimized for 30+ year service lives, higher strength concrete mixtures with up to 4 aggregate size bins, and exposed aggregate surfaces for lower noise. Construction practices like two-lift paving allowed for recycling and provided durable surfaces, while maintenance was minimal due to the long design lives before rehabilitation. The scan identified opportunities to adapt proven international techniques to improve pavement performance and extend the life of US infrastructure.
Improving the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Pervious Concrete via Cement ...Patrick Barnhouse, E.I.T
A preliminary study of high porosity pervious concrete for non-pavement applications. Also discussed is the feasibility of including recycled aggregate and the photocatalyst titanium dioxide in the mix design.
Basic concept of crcp pavement design method, performance, factors, materials requirement, design criteria.
chandra mohan lodha work with clear way of crcp
This document discusses various methods for curing concrete. Curing involves maintaining moisture and temperature in freshly placed concrete to allow it to develop strength and durability. Proper curing increases strength, impermeability, and resistance to stresses. Common curing methods include ponding, fogging, wet coverings, impervious sheets, curing compounds, and accelerated curing using steam, electricity, or other heating. Each method has advantages for different concrete applications and conditions.
This document discusses the proposed design methodology for airfield pavement using the Advanced Concrete Pavement System (ACPS). The objectives of the ACPS design are to meet FAA and ICAO requirements by maintaining a cumulative damage factor below 1.0 and matching edge stresses calculated by ACPS to those required by FAA. The design procedure involves matching edge stresses between equivalent jointed plain concrete pavement and the proposed ACPS. Advantages of ACPS include rapid installation with minimal disruption and better quality control during precasting of concrete panels.
This document discusses various concrete pavement rehabilitation methods. It begins by noting that rigid pavements can develop distresses over time requiring rehabilitation. The presentation then covers specific repair methods including bonded concrete overlay, diamond grinding, full depth repair, partial depth repair, dowel bar retrofit, cross stitching of longitudinal cracks, joint repair, and thin asphaltic concrete overlay. For each method, it provides a brief overview and the basic steps of the procedure. References are also included at the end.
This document provides an overview of concrete pavement construction for roads. It discusses the importance of road networks for development and describes the different types of roads in India. It then defines road pavement and describes the main types - flexible and rigid. Flexible pavement uses bitumen and has low initial cost but higher maintenance, while rigid pavement uses concrete and has higher initial cost but lower long-term maintenance. The document outlines the basic components of concrete pavement including cement, aggregates, water, and equipment used. It then explains the various steps of the construction process from site preparation to forming, placing concrete, compaction, curing and finishing.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on the design of interlocking concrete block pavement. It describes different types of concrete blocks, how they are composed into pavement of varying thickness depending on traffic levels, and common laying patterns like stretcher bond. It also outlines manual and mechanical laying methods, applications such as footpaths and parking areas, advantages like durability and easy maintenance, and limitations like need for joint filler material. The conclusion states that interlocking concrete block pavement technology provides a durable and sustainable infrastructure alternative to rigid pavement in some applications.
This document discusses different types of pavement design. It describes the basic AASHTO design methods for both rigid and flexible pavements. For flexible pavement design, it considers factors like traffic volumes, equivalent single-axle loads, layer properties, and thickness. For rigid pavement design, it examines factors like terminal serviceability, equivalent single-axle loads, modulus of subgrade reaction, and slab thickness. The document also outlines some advantages and disadvantages of both rigid and flexible pavements.
A highway pavement is a structure consisting of superimposed layers of processed materials above the natural soil sub-grade, whose primary function is to distribute the applied vehicle loads to the sub-grade. The pavement structure should be able to provide a surface of acceptable riding quality, adequate skid resistance, favorable light reflecting characteristics, and low noise pollution.
Rigid pavements are constructed using reinforced concrete slabs that provide a strong wearing surface and base course. They are used in areas with adverse conditions like heavy rainfall, poor soil/drainage, or extreme climate. Materials for rigid pavements include Portland cement, coarse and fine aggregates, and water. Reinforcement includes dowel bars at joints. Rigid pavements have longitudinal and transverse joints, including contraction joints to relieve stresses, expansion joints to allow for expansion, and construction joints. They can be constructed using slipform pavers, fixed form pavers, or manual methods. Quality control checks materials and finished surface properties. Traffic is allowed after a minimum 28-day curing period.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
Pavement materials in Road Constructionsrinivas2036
Different pavement materials used in the road construction. Importance of soil, aggregate pavement materials. Tests on Soil for pavement construction. Tests on aggregate for pavement construction.
Requirements of soil and aggregates in pavement.
The document summarizes a bridge camping trip taken by a group of women to Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida from July 23-28, 2010. It details the activities of the group including staying at the Stephenson's Ponte Vedra Beach House, dining at local restaurants, taking a day trip to St. Augustine to visit historic sites, relaxing on the beach, playing cards, and returning home via the Jacksonville and Dallas/Fort Worth airports. The trip involved bonding activities among the group members such as beach walks, games, and conversations on the house patio while watching the moonrise.
The document outlines seven things a person must do to avoid illness: 1) speak your feelings to avoid stress-related diseases, 2) make decisions to reduce anxiety, 3) find solutions to problems instead of letting them grow, 4) don't live by appearances and be your true self, 5) accept yourself to boost self-esteem, 6) trust others for meaningful relationships, and 7) have a sense of humor to spread joy and health. Following these principles is said to result in an overall positive, healthy lifestyle.
This document discusses retempering concrete using water and superplasticizers. Retempering involves adding water or admixtures to concrete to restore workability after slump loss during delivery or casting. The document outlines conditions where retempering is allowed, including not exceeding water-cement ratios. An experiment found that using superplasticizers in retempering requires less water than water alone to achieve the same slump. Compressive strengths also decreased less for concrete retempered with superplasticizers compared to water alone due to lower final water-cement ratios. In conclusion, retempering can help with workability but adds water that reduces strength, so superplasticizers are preferable as they require less water.
The document discusses water-cement ratio and its effect on concrete strength. It provides examples of calculating water and cement amounts given a ratio. It also discusses determining the design and batched water-cement ratios for a given mix, accounting for cement, fly ash, water amounts. Calculating percent solids and voids in aggregates based on dry rodded unit weight is also covered.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CONCRETE USING SUPER ABSORBING POLYMER & SUPER ...IRJET Journal
This document experimentally investigates the effects of adding super absorbing polymer (SAP) to concrete at different dosages. SAP is added in both powder and gel forms. When added as a powder, SAP absorbs water and lowers the water content, increasing compressive strength compared to gel form. The optimal SAP dosage is found to be 0.3% by weight of cement. Gunny bag curing provides strength similar to pond curing, indicating SAP concrete can achieve adequate strength with minimal external curing under field conditions.
This document describes AASHTO T 84, a test method for determining the specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregates. Key steps include: 1) preparing an oven-dried sample, soaking it to saturation, and determining the saturated surface dry (SSD) condition; 2) filling a calibrated pycnometer with the SSD sample and water, weighing it, and calculating bulk specific gravity; and 3) determining absorption percentage based on dry and SSD weights. Specific gravity is important for designing asphalt mixes and concrete, as it influences properties like air voids and permeability. This test provides critical aggregate property data for various construction applications.
1. The document outlines the steps of the ACI standard concrete mix design method, which includes selecting slump, maximum aggregate size, water-cement ratio, cement content, coarse aggregate content, fine aggregate content, and adjusting for aggregate moisture.
2. An example mix design is provided for a 10-inch thick unreinforced pavement slab, following the 8 steps of the ACI method. This includes determining batch weights of 191.75 lbs of water, 625 lbs of cement, 1,936.2 lbs of coarse aggregate, and 1,188.3 lbs of fine aggregate.
3. The British Standard method of mix design is also briefly outlined, with steps including selecting target mean strength, water
CON 124 - Session 5 - Examples of Concrete Proportioningalpenaccedu
This document provides examples of concrete proportioning using two methods: the absolute volume method and trial mixtures using the water-cement ratio method. For the first example using absolute volume, the document specifies conditions and requirements. It then shows the step-by-step work to determine the mixture proportions including water, cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and admixture contents needed to achieve the design specifications. For the second example using trial mixtures, it outlines conducting laboratory trials to verify mixture meets requirements before use, including testing different water-cement ratios.
This document summarizes a presentation on optimizing the design of multiple tray aerators to correct the pH of groundwater without using lime. It proposes decreasing the surface loading rate from 24.45 to 10 cubic meters per hour per square meter to increase aeration efficiency. It also recommends using packing media to increase turbulence, increasing the distance between trays to 0.6 meters, and using 10 or more trays to fully remove carbon dioxide from the water through aeration. Testing of these design improvements on pilot models over longer periods is suggested to validate the approach and potentially eliminate the need for chemical pH correction of the groundwater.
Concrete admixtures are added ingredients beyond cement, water, and aggregates that are used to modify the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The main types of admixtures are air entrainers, water reducers, set retarders, set accelerators, and plasticizers. Air entrainers add microscopic air bubbles that increase durability in freezing environments. Water reducers allow a reduction in water while maintaining workability, increasing strength. Set retarders delay setting for hot weather, while set accelerators increase early strength for cold weather. Plasticizers make low-slump concrete flowable. Admixtures are selected and dosed to achieve specific concrete properties for construction needs.
REDUCED DISPOSAL COST OF PRODUCED AND FLOWBACK WATERiQHub
Bepex proposes collaborating to develop a thermal evaporation process to reduce produced water volumes in the Permian Basin. They have experience applying a similar thermal drying technology (FTTDTM) to oil sands tailings in Canada. A preliminary conceptual design shows thermal drying could reduce water disposal costs per barrel of oil by over 30% compared to alternatives like trucking. Bepex recommends bench and pilot testing to evaluate technical and economic feasibility for the specific Permian Basin conditions.
Admixtures are materials added to concrete mixtures to modify properties such as workability, strength, and durability, with common types including water reducers, set controllers, air entrainers, and corrosion inhibitors. Proper batching and mixing of admixtures is important to ensure uniformity and that their intended effects are achieved without unintended side effects. Trial batches should be conducted with local materials and job conditions when using new admixtures or mixture designs.
This document provides information on various types of admixtures that are added to concrete mixtures. It discusses chemical admixtures including accelerators, retarders, water reducers, super plasticizers, and air entraining agents. It also discusses mineral admixtures such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, and rice husk ash. It provides details on plasticizers and their mechanisms of action in dispersing cement particles. It describes different types of super plasticizers and discusses the purposes and examples of retarders and accelerators. The document concludes with sections on air entraining admixtures and their effects, as well as details on various mineral admixtures including their sources and functions in concrete.
Plan Building presentation Holmesglen Hujaj KhanHujaj Khan
The document discusses various types of concrete admixtures including their functions, materials, uses, effects on concrete properties, standards, and quality control methods. It covers air-entraining, water-reducing, super plasticizing, retarding admixtures. It addresses topics like durability, compatibility, mixing methods, proprietary formulations, transportation safety, environmental impacts, and cost. Standards like AS 1478 and testing in accordance with AS 2072 and AS 2073 are referenced.
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixtureskavithamegha
This PPT explores the material other than cement, water and aggregates added to batches before mixing or during mixing to modify the properties of ordinary concrete & to make it more suitable for the essential condition. Organic or inorganic materials are added in small quantifies to modify the properties of the concrete which is fresh/hardened state.
Understand the different types of admixtures, advantages and disadvantages. Mechanism of admixtures and different applications.
The document discusses using compost to improve erosion control and highway planting. It outlines that compost improves soil structure by increasing infiltration and water retention, which reduces erosion. It also improves biological activity and plant nutrient availability. The document reviews new specifications for compost, including tighter requirements for maturity, stability, and contaminants to improve quality control. It summarizes revisions made to various specifications regarding compost use for planting, erosion control, and other applications.
This document discusses concrete mix design and proportioning. The objective of mix design is to determine the most economical combination of materials to produce durable concrete of required strength under given conditions, using minimum cement and water. Factors considered include workability, strength, durability and economy. The principles are to use minimum cement and water while maintaining workability and quality. Concrete strength is directly related to the water-cement ratio, with lower ratios producing stronger, more durable concrete. Common mix design methods include the absolute volume method and ACI standards for different concrete types.
Coagulation and flocculation processes are used to separate suspended solids from water by overcoming the forces that stabilize the particles and allow them to collide and grow into larger flocs. Coagulation involves adding chemicals to neutralize particle charges so they can stick together. Flocculation then gently mixes the water to encourage the microflocs formed in coagulation to collide and bond into larger macroflocs that are easy to remove. Conventional treatment plants separate coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation into distinct stages, while other designs combine some or all of the processes in single units. Careful consideration of water characteristics and treatment goals is needed to select the appropriate coagulant and unit processes.
Admixtures are ingredients added to concrete other than cement, water, and aggregates. They are used to modify the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The main types of admixtures are air entrainers, water reducers, set retarders, set accelerators, and superplasticizers. Air entrainers improve freeze-thaw resistance by adding tiny air bubbles. Water reducers decrease the water amount needed while maintaining workability. Set retarders and accelerators adjust the setting time. Superplasticizers create highly flowable, low-water concrete. Admixtures must be properly dosed and mixed to effectively achieve their intended purposes.
Plan building materials presentation admixturesHujaj Khan
The document discusses various types of concrete admixtures, including their functions, materials, uses, and effects. It covers air-entraining, water-reducing, retarding, and superplasticizing admixtures. It discusses factors like durability, compatibility, mixing methods, proprietary formulations, quality control, transportation safety, environmental impacts, and costs. The document provides information on admixture standards and the potential future uses of admixtures, including their ability to increase concrete's fire resistance.
This document discusses mixing hydrocarbons in large storage tanks. It describes the differences between mixing, blending, and maintaining homogeneity. All blending applications in large tanks are flow related, and mixer selection is based on calculating the required flow. The document provides details on the information needed to size mixers properly, such as tank dimensions and properties of products. It compares propeller mixers and jet mixers, noting propeller mixers have lower maintenance needs and power requirements. Pointing mixers upward can reduce blend times by up to 50%. Computational fluid dynamics is a useful tool for visualizing flow patterns.
21. Mix Comparisons with Yield Issues (5%) Design Actual Cement 600 632 p/a 0.22 0.23 Unit Weight 128.88 130.42 Voids 20% +- >17% Allowable w/cm 0.30 0.23
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26. Event Late Fall parking lot placement Main Issue Sticky mixture required re-tempering with water several time per load to maintain workability. Mixture Rounded-river gravel with sand and fibers, fly ash, 0.29 w/c, water reducer, hydration stabilizer, and air entrainment. Observations: Placement occurred during the fall and temperature had dropped between the test pour and actual placement. Hindsight: Pervious was batched with hot water. Remediation: Do not use hot water; increase hydration stabilizer dosage; or dose water reducer at the site.
27. Event Spring parking lot placement. Main Issue Change in mixture workability as placement progressed. Mixture Rounded-river gravel with sand and fibers, fly ash, 0.29 w/c, water reducer, hydration stabilizer, and air entrainment. Observations: At the start of placement workability was correct. As the placement progressed water was added when truck first arrived and halfway through each load. Hindsight: Aggregate moisture was checked once at the beginning of the placement, but changed throughout the day. Remediation: When workability began to change aggregate moisture should have been rechecked.
28. Event Early spring parking lot placement. Main Issue Discharge rate was slow and the sticky mixture required re- tempering several times per load. Mixture Rounded river gravel with water reducer, air entrainment, and hydration stabilizer. Observations: Contractor had been told pervious was supposed to be stiff and accepted the concrete. Hindsight: The first truck should have been verified before batching additional concrete. Contractor should have rejected the third truck. Remediation: Do not use hot water; increase hydration stabilizer dosage; or add additional water reducer at the site.
29. Event Fall parking lot placement Main Issue Mixture was very dry and had severe next day raveling. Mixture River gravel mixture with slag and hydration stabilizer. Observations: Mixture was dry on arrival and required significant water addition. During the second placement raveling occurred and it appeared the previous days pour had not reached sufficient strength. Hindsight: Combination of slag and hydration stabilizer delayed set time. Remediation: Check aggregate moisture as the concrete is batched. Reduce the amount of slag and or hydration stabilizer or postpone adjacent placement.
30. Sticky Mixture Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Changes in water content Inform driver that no wash water should remain in the truck before batching pervious concrete. Mixture proportions Check that batched materials followed the prescribed proportions. Admixture dosages Check ticket for correct admixtures and dosages. Increase water reducer dosage at plant. Add water reducer at the job site.
31. Sticky Mixture Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Admixture effectiveness Use a water reducer with a longer working time Add additional water reducer at the job site. Haul Time Increase w/c to higher end of allowable limit. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at the plant. Add water reducer at the job site. Ambient temperature Check that batch plant is not using warm/hot water.
32. Workability is Different from Test Placement Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Changes in water content Check aggregate moisture contents and absorption. Make sure batch plant water is adjusted for actual aggregate moisture content. Make sure excessive free moisture is not lost form the aggregate stockpile and batching location.
33. Workability is Different from Test Placement Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Mixture proportions Check that batched materials followed the prescribed proportions. Admixture dosages Check batch plant/delivery ticket for correct admixtures and dosages. Change in admixtures Check that the correct admixtures were batched.
34. Workability is Different from Test Placement Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Haul Time Increase w/c to higher end of allowable limit. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at the plant. Ambient temperature Check that batch plant is not using warm/hot water.
35. Changes in Workability Within a Load Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Insufficient mixing Check that the truck has at least 100 revolutions. Changes in water content Make mix is adjusted for aggregate moisture content. Admixture dosage Check ticket for correct admixtures and dosages. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at the plant. Admixture effectiveness Use a water reducer with a longer working time. Use a moisture retaining admixture.
36. Changes in Workability Between Loads Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Changes in water content Remove wash water in truck before batching. Mixture proportions Check that aggregate gradation has not changed (check unit weight). Ambient temp increase Increase w/c to higher end of allowable limit. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at the plant. Ambient temp decrease Check that batch plant is not using warm/hot water.
37. Adding Water Does Not Improve Workability Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Admixture dosages Check ticket for correct admixtures and dosages. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at plant. Add water reducer at the job site. Mixture proportions Check that aggregate gradation has not changed (check unit weight). Ambient temperature Check that batch plant is not using warm/hot water.
38. Cement or Fiber Balling Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Too little water Check aggregate moisture contents and absorption. Make sure batch plant water is adjusted for actual aggregate moisture content. Admixture effectiveness Add additional water reducer at the job site.
39. Surface Closes Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Mixture proportions Check that batched materials followed the prescribed proportions. Check that aggregate gradation has not changed (check unit weight).
40. Surface Ravels (also caused by poor construction and curing practices) Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Too little water Check aggregate moisture contents and absorption Make sure batch plant water is adjusted for actual aggregate moisture content. Increased set time Reduce slag content. Mixture proportions Check that batched materials followed the prescribed proportions.
42. National Pervious Concrete Pavement Association For More Information Contact: Dale Fisher Executive Director, NPCPA [email_address]
Editor's Notes
Design for Pervious Concrete
While pervious concrete is comprised of the same components as traditional concrete, its idiosyncrasies have forced the mixture proportioning to develop as an art form instead of a clear set of procedures. Although an unlimited number of variations on pervious concrete mixture proportions can exist, this program outlines procedures to produce pervious concrete for a wide-variety of applications. These procedures are developed based on research performed by the collective pervious concrete community in the United States, and from across the world. Field experience and troubleshooting sections are included to aid identifying potential mixture related issues and contains remediation methods. Design for Pervious Concrete
NPCPA is the only cross-industry alliance that partners together all those who utilize pervious concrete systems to achieve their sustainable goals. The mission of the Association is to expand and improve the use of pervious concrete as a preferred paving method by providing education and resources that enhance quality and performance. The Association’s vision is to be the recognized and authoritative voice of pervious concrete. NPCPA resources include experienced, professional staff that, working with our members, will promote and advocate common positions and represent those interests before industry, government, and the public. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Membership categories include Owners, Designers, Producers, Regulators, Contractors, Developers, and Manufacturers. They represent the wide variety of private industry businesses and public entities that provide products, equipment, and services that benefit the public. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Designing for Pervious Concrete
Design for Pervious Concrete
This session will familiarize attendees with issues affecting successful production and placement of pervious concrete, including performance, testing, aspects of placement execution, and long term care and maintenance. Attendees will learn to identify the tell-tell signs of problems with pervious concrete mixtures that effect proper placement, learn about testing methods that produce quality assurance, and learn methods and means for the repair and maintenance of pervious concrete pavements.
The purpose of pervious concrete for stormwater management is to transmit water through the pavement into the underlying holding layer where it either infiltrates into the ground or is discharged into a stormwater system. In an overlay situation the water infiltrates into the pervious pavement to reduce splash and spray, eliminates hydroplaning potential, improves skid resistance, and is drained away from the pavement system. This percolation of water is achieved through a series of interconnected voids which are termed the porosity. Void space that comprises porosity is interconnected and rapidly permeable to water movement and is fundamentally different than entrained air captured in the cement paste. Producing pervious concrete with a specific Design Void Content (DVC), typically around 20%, allows quality control by determining the design unit weight for a corresponding DVC. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Similar to asphalt production, pervious concrete performance is influenced by the density. But unlike asphalt, using more force to compact a stiff, dry, unworkable, pervious concrete to the DVC will not produce a durable pavement. Production of a durable pavement requires consideration of both the workability of the pervious concrete mixture as well as to the method of placement. Hence, to achieve an optimal pervious concrete placement the producer must be aware of the site layout, the contractor’s experience, along with material properties associated with the pervious concrete. A mixture that had success for an experienced contractor on a straightforward site under ideal conditions might have significant problems for an inexperienced contractor or under more difficult site geometries or different weather conditions. Recognizing and understanding the differences in behavior between traditional and pervious concrete allows successful placements. The primary considerations when determining a mixture design are 1. Strength for loading. 2. Freeze-thaw resistance of the concrete and also durability against winter maintenance operations such as plowing and use of deicers. 3. Porosity to produce the desired permeability and maximize the required maintenance intervals. Designing for Pervious Concrete
The goal of a pervious concrete placement is a smooth and durable surface with the desired void content produced at a given unit weight. These are obtained through proper mixture proportions which possess the necessary inherent workability. Pervious concrete material properties and workability are a function of aggregate angularity, aggregate gradation, cementitious volume, cementitious makeup, water-to-cement ratio, admixtures, and environmental factors such as mixing time, water temperature, and mixer/truck moisture state. In order to provide an understanding of some design decisions, the following overview of research discusses the relative effects of each of these components with respect to workability, strength, and freeze-thaw durability. As the porosity of PCPC increases the unit weight decreases linearly. Compressive strength decreases with increased porosity. Permeability tends to be very low (<10 in./hr) below 15% porosity and increases exponentially above 25%. An increased amount of cement paste creates a linear decrease in porosity for mixtures without sand. Permeability decreases with increased compaction level. Each particular mixture has an inherent set of compaction relationships which may be used for quality control purposes. Angular aggregates require more cementitious binder to produce similar workability and strength as the more self-compacting round aggregate. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Aggregate comprises the largest volume of material in pervious concrete and consequently aggregate angularity has the largest influence on the ultimate unit weight. The size of the aggregate will vary depending on the application and use of the pervious concrete pavement being constructed. Both rounded aggregate (gravel) and angular aggregate (crushed stone) can be used to produce pervious concrete. Angular aggregate has more surface area than rounded aggregate and in order to produce similar cementitious paste coatings and load transfer, angular mixtures require more cementitious material. The use of good quality, clean, well-graded crushed aggregate has been observed to result in pervious concrete pavements with improved structural properties, reduced raveling and improved permeability. In freeze-thaw climates coarse aggregate should have a specific gravity greater than 2.5 and absorption less than 2.5%. Before determining the amount of fine aggregate required, the coarse aggregate must first be selected to achieve sufficient initial porosity to add mortar. Through experience, gradation requirements have been developed in which the lower gradation limit represents a point at which there is a likelihood of creating concrete without sufficient permeability and the upper gradation limit represents a level where the mixture is too harsh for rapid placement and compaction by conventional means. Also, the finer texture is more aesthetically pleasing and at the upper gradation and above the pavement resembles a cement-treated base. Designing for Pervious Concrete
The addition of sand decreases the porosity and permeability while increasing the unit weight, and compressive and tensile strength. Designing for Pervious Concrete
When fibers are used in pervious concrete the mixture responds with decreased porosity and increased unit weight, compressive, and flexural strength. However, permeability is maintained or increased contrary to the reduction in porosity by the additional connectivity of the hydraulic channels. While many factors control freeze-thaw durability in pervious concrete, the addition of fibers causes a large improvement in freeze-thaw response without additional sand. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Cement paste coats the aggregate particles, providing lubrication for workability, and hardened contact area for load transfer. As more cement paste is incorporated, the mixture becomes more workable, although reducing porosity. With binder-to-aggregate contents of b/a = 0.18 to 0.22 by volume (depending on the aggregate gradation and ultimate strength required) the paste completely coats the aggregate particles without occupying too much of the pore space. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) improve the cement hydration chemistry and provide greater durability along with other beneficial properties. Fly ash, slag and silica fume improve workability and the ultimate strength of pervious concrete, but may reduce the 7-day strengths which may be critical to durability upon opening. Designing for Pervious Concrete
There are several types of admixtures used in a pervious concrete mixture; air entraining, viscosity modifying, water reducing, internal curing and hydration stabilizing. Pervious concrete can substantially reduce the working time of admixtures and many placements have shown that polycarboxylate type water reducers increase workability. Hydration stabilizer maintains workability by preventing premature cement hydration from heat build-up during mixing and by extending the working time of the water reducer. If a standard retarder is substituted for hydration stabilizer tests mixtures are required to determine the proper dosage rate for particular environmental and haul conditions. Internal curing admixture (ICA) maintains moisture conditions in a pervious concrete mixture to allow cement hydration to occur so that the potential properties of the mixture may develop. Within the normal dosage range, it will generally extend the hydration time of pervious concrete approximately 3 to 7 days. Viscosity modifying admixtures (VMA) produce better flow and easier placement and compaction of an otherwise dry, harsh mix. In addition, the use of a VMA provides insurance against paste drain down. Paste drain down is a condition in which too fluid a cement paste in pervious concrete migrates to the bottom of the slab, due to gravity, and seals it. This sealing of the bottom surface makes the pervious concrete functionally useless and can be avoided through use of a VMA. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Some material-related issues can be remediated by changing construction practices, but for this section the suggested changes are only from the concrete producer’s perspective. Generally problems with pervious concrete are related to water content, mixture proportions, or admixture dosing. Additional troubleshooting techniques for traditional concrete can be found in the Integrated Materials and Construction Practices for Concrete Pavement: A State-of-the-Practice manual (Taylor et al. 2006). Designing for Pervious Concrete
Proper yield is key to troubleshooting PC Cementitious content Paste content Void content w/cm margins Measured by density test (actual vs. Theoretical)
Yield variations can have a large impact on mixture proportions.
In this example, when yield is off by 5%, it produces a mixture overloaded with paste and reduced voids. The producer/installer is forced to place at a much lower w/cm in order to maintain permeability. Designing for Pervious Concrete
Examples of low w/cm mixtures.
Formula for calculating yield.
Under normal conditions, w/cm less than 0.27 results in failure through surface raveling and w/cm greater than 0.35 causes draining of the cement paste producing an impermeable pervious concrete surface. Admixtures are used to increase the w/cm (up to 0.40) for better hydration of the cementitious. Correct aggregate moisture content is paramount for a successful pervious concrete placement. Excess moisture in the aggregate bin may be lost when conveyed to the batching location. An unexpected loss of 1% moisture will reduce a w/c of 0.30 below 0.27, resulting in a mixture susceptible to excessive raveling. Often for pervious concrete any extra aggregate moisture is disregarded in the batching process. Designing for Pervious Concrete
When the truck arrives at the site, the workability must be checked and adjusted if needed. On-site workability of pervious concrete is determined by the inverse slump flow test. The flow behavior of pervious concrete through a slump cone closely reproduces the discharge ability from the concrete truck. 1. Fill an inverted slump cone with fresh concrete (do not to rod or compact) to roughly level with the top surface (Figure 9). 2. With one even motion, lift the slump cone to approximately knee level. If required, lightly tap the cone to initiate flow If concrete flows from the cone then it will discharge easily from the truck chute (Figure 11a). If the material sticks in the cone and requires substantial energy (vigorous shaking) to free the concrete, then the concrete is too stiff, will be difficult to discharge, have high porosity, low strength, and high raveling potential.
Background Information: Placement was a short haul situation from plant to site.
Background Information: Three concrete trucks were batched and sent to the site at once. Concrete plant was using hot water. It was the first pervious placement for the contractor.
Background Information: Due to construction schedule, adjacent strips were placed the following day.
Adding Water Does Not Improve Workability Potential Cause(s) Actions to Consider Admixture dosages Check delivery ticket for correct admixtures and dosages. Increase hydration stabilizer dosage at the plant. Add water reducer at the job site. Admixture effectiveness Use a water reducer with a longer working time Add additional water reducer at the job site. Mixture proportions Check that batched materials followed the prescribed proportions. Ambient temperature Check that batch plant is not using warm/hot water.
References: American Concrete Institute (ACI) Pervious Concrete, ACI 522 Committee Report, Farmington Hills, MI: ACI, 2006. American Concrete Institute (ACI) Specification for Pervious Concrete Pavement, ACI 522.1-08, Farmington Hills, MI: ACI, 2008. Bax, N., van Duerzen, A., Molenaar, A. New Technique for Rapid Construction and Rehabilitation of Concrete Pavements, Proceedings of the International Conference on Optimizing Paving Concrete Mixtures and Accelerated Concrete Pavement Construction and Rehabilitation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Atlanta, GA, pp. 283-293, 2007. Beeldens, A,. Van Gemert, D., and Caestecker, C. Porous Concrete: Laboratory Versus Field Experience. Proceedings 9th International Symposium on Concrete Roads, Istanbul, Turkey, 2003. Beeldens, A. Behavior of Porous PCC Under Freeze-Thaw Cycling. Paper presented at the Tenth International Congress on Polymers in Concrete, Honolulu, 2001. Bury, M. A., Mawby, C. A., and Fisher, D., 2006, &quot;Making Pervious Concrete Placement Easy: Using a Novel Admixture System,&quot; Concrete in Focus, V. 5, No. 3, pp. 55-59. Crouch, L., Smith, N., Walker, A., Dunn, T., and Sparkman, A. (2006) “Pervious PCC Compressive Strength in the Laboratory and the Field: The Effects of Aggregate Properties and Compactive Effort,” CD-ROM. Proceedings of the 2006 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Pervious Concrete, Nashville, TN, 2006. Delatte, N., Miller, D., and Mrkajic, M. “Portland Cement Pervious Concrete: Field Performance Investigation on Parking Lot and Roadway Pavements.” Final Report of the RMC Research and Education Foundation, Silver Springs, MD, 2007. Kevern, J.T. Mix Design Determination for Freeze-thaw Resistant Portland Cement Pervious Concrete, Master’s Thesis, Ames, IA: Iowa State University, 2006. Kevern, J. T., Wang, K., Suleiman, M. T., and Schaefer, V. R. “Pervious Concrete Construction: Methods and Quality Control.” CD-ROM. Proceedings of the 2006 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Pervious Concrete, Nashville, TN, 2006. Kevern, J.T., Schaefer, V.R., Wang, K., and Suleiman, M.T. “Pervious Concrete Mixture Proportions for Improved Freeze-Thaw Durability,” J. ASTM Int. Vol. 5, No. 2. 2008 (a). Kevern, J.T., Wang, K., and Schaefer, V. R. “A Synthesis of Pervious Concrete Freeze-Thaw Testing Results.” CD-ROM. Proceedings of the 2008 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Sustainable Development, Denver, CO, 2008 (b). Kevern, J. T., Wang, K., and Schaefer, V. R. “Self-Consolidating Pervious Concrete.” Third North American Conference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC2008), Center for Advanced Cement-Based Materials at Northwestern University, 2008 (c). Kevern, J.T. Wang, K., and Schaefer, V.R. “The Effect of Aggregate Type on the Freeze-Thaw Durability of Pervious Concrete,” A Report from the Portland Cement Association Education Foundation, currently under review Feb 2008 (d). National Ready Mixed Concrete Association (NRMCA). (2005) “Text Reference for Pervious Concrete Contractor Certification.” NRMCA Publication #2PPCRT, Silver Springs, MD. Olek, J., W.J. Weiss, N. Neithalath, A. Marolf, E. Sell, and W.D. Thornton. Development of Quiet and Durable Porous Portland Cement Concrete Paving Materials. Final Report SQDH 2003-5. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University. 2003. Schaefer, V.R., Wang, K., Sulieman, M.T., and Kevern, J. Mix Design Development for Pervious Concrete in Cold Weather Climates. A Report from the National Concrete Pavement Technology Center (CP Tech Center), Ames, IA: Iowa State University, 2006. Suleiman, M. T., Kevern, J. T., Schaefer, V. R., and Wang, K. “Effect of Compaction Energy on Pervious Concrete Properties.” Proceedings of the 2006 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Pervious Concrete, Nashville, TN, CD-ROM. 2006. Tamai, M., and Yoshida, M. (2003) Durability of Porous Concrete. Paper presented at the Sixth International Conference on Durability of Concrete, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2003. Taylor, P.C., Kosmatka, S.H., Voigt, J.F., et al. “Integrated Materials and Construction Practices for Concrete Pavement: A State-of-the-Practice Manual.” A Report from the National Concrete Pavement Technology Center and Federal Highway Administration, Ames, IA: Iowa State University, 2006. Tennis, P.D., Leming, M.L., and Akers, D.J. “Pervious Concrete Pavements.” EB302, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, and National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring, Maryland, 2004. Wang, K., Schaefer, V. R., Kevern, J. T., and Suleiman, M. T. Development of Mix Proportion for Functional and Durable Pervious Concrete. CD-ROM. Proceedings of the 2006 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Pervious Concrete, Nashville, TN, 2006. Yang, J., and Jiang, G. Experimental Study on Properties of Pervious Concrete Pavement Materials. Cement and Concrete Research, V. 33, p. 381-386, 2003. Yang, Z., Brown, H., and Cheney, A. (2006) “Influence of Moisture Conditions on the Freeze-Thaw Durability of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete,” CD-ROM. Proceedings of the 2006 NRMCA Concrete Technology Forum – Focus on Pervious Concrete, Nashville, TN, 2006. Design for Pervious Concrete