This document summarizes the structure and management of lakes. It describes the different layers in a lake from top to bottom: epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion. The hypolimnion layer lacks oxygen and accumulates decaying materials. Eutrophication and pollution are discussed as problems. Management techniques include dredging, de-weeding, bio-remediation, and introducing larvivorous fish. Protocols for aeration and using bio-enzymes to oxygenate the water and eliminate odors are presented. Images show the effect of treatment in clearing algal blooms and improving water clarity within hours.

2. S
Simple Solution for Lake Management

4. Glamorous
Contaminated lake.
Courtesy Inflow
effluents
To be cared @ instant

6. Lake Structure

7. E P I L I M N I O N
The topmost and warmest
layer of water is known as the
Epilimnion layer. This layer
also contains the highest
quantity of oxygen compared
to the other parts of the lake.
This layer mixes thoroughly
withsurface winds and
provides fluctuations in
oxygen levels. The warm
temperatures and higher
oxygen makes this layer
suitable for a majority of the
flora and fauna species of
fish.

8. M E T A L I M I O N
The layer between the
epilimnion and
hypolimnion is called the
Metalimion layer. This
layer experiences a rapid
reduction in temperature
with depth (@ rate of 1
degree per meter). Since
the density of water also
changes with temperature,
the water does not easily
rise or sink in this layer.
The metalimion layer is
also known as the
thermcline layer.

9. H Y P O L I M N I O N The hypolimnion layer is the
lowest layer and is directly
beneath the metalimnion layer.
This water in this layer is much
colder and dense. The stagnant
waters of the hypolimnion
layer are too deep to be
significantly effected by surface
winds and currents. Water that
is remote from surface
influences has a relatively
small temperature gradient. In
eutrophic lakes, this lower
layer of water has no oxygen
and is loaded with toxic and
decaying materials. The bottom
of the lake is known as the
benthal.

10. E U T R O P H I C A T I O N
Ponds or Lakes that
support rapid algae or
plant growth are termed
“eutrophic” ponds.
Eutrophication comes
from the Greek work for
“over fed” and that’s just
what plants are when they
tend to grow to fast. Such
ponds are overly fertile
with plant food (mainly
nitrates and phosphates).

11. Lake Polutants

12. Lake Management
Dredging and de-silting –
De-weeding/hyacinth control or
removal (biological, chemical,
mechanical and manual measures,
bio-composting
Bio-remediation (Clean up with bio-
products - natural bacteria
breakdown, and aerators to churn
the lakes)
Introduction of composite fish
culture/larvivorous fish species to control
mosquitoes

13. Oxygen Deplation
 Out in the deeper, or limonitic part of the lake the plankton
take over. Plankton is a term used to describe those
organisms that float freely in the open waters of the lake.
Included in this group are the zooplankton (animals) and
phytoplankton (algae). Fish, of course, also roam around
out here. In a more productive lake the area fish have to
roam around gets smaller and smaller as summer
progresses. Oxygen in the deeper waters becomes
scarcer as dead algae and other detritus rains down into the
hypo limnion. Most fish won't be able to survive in dissolved
oxygen concentrations less than 5 mg/L.

15. Topography
• Basin Area : 240 km2
• Direct Catchment Area : 67 km2
• Shoreline Length : 14 km
• Maximum water spread Area : 5.7 km2
• Capacity : 27.18 million m3
• Average Depth : about 5m
• Inflow Nallas : Picket Nalla, Banjara Nalla,
• BalkapurNalla, and Kukatpally Nalla

16. Existing Problem
 Highly Toxic
 Abnormal Algae Bloom including Cyno bacteria
 Pungent Smell
 Bottom Slushy
 Presence of other contaminants viz: Heavy Metal,
Salts, Bacteria etc.

17. What To Do
Rehabilitating
Preventing
Sustaining

18. Flash Objective
 To Oxygenate & Oxidize
 To remove odor by way of de-odorizing products.
 To control the growth of Algae & Fungus.
 To remove bio fouling.
 To clarify the water column & Pond bottom.

19. Protocol -1
 QUICK FIX PROGRAMME:
 To treat in combination with Triozon F, CLO2
& CuSO4.
6 Shock Doses & 32 Maintenance doses.
 To use high power chemical dosing pump with
elongated pipe for treatment @1 meter above
Pond bottom level. Floating Service to be
Supported by Dept.
 Area of treatment to be spot decided subject to
contaminant level.

20. Protocol-2 {Bottom Aeration} The installation of a pond bed
aeration oxygenates the water at the
bottom, and eliminates the
hypolimnion by low cost, low
powered, continuous destratifcation
of the thermal layers. The whole
idea of aeration is to get oxygen into
the deep water. Aeration with tiny
air bubbles from bottom up and
circulation of lower water layers
helps to achieve uniform levels of
oxygen and temperatures
throughout the lake. Once the lake
or pond is full of oxygen near the
bottom, new insect larvae, snails
and other fish food can begin to live
at the bottom.

21. PROTOCOL-3 {BIO-ENZYME}
 A good lake is one, which
contains fresh; sparkling clear,
sweet smelling water and which
supports fish life free from
excessive algae and weeds.
Biotechnology based
 solutions involve the use of
 scientific methods to aintain the
natural health of lake. The
Essential components of a good
Biological solution are:
 (A) The presence of a sufficient
quantity of beneficial facultative
bacteria
 (B) The provision for sufficient
Pond/Lake Bed Aeration

22. Be-Aware
 Being Chemical dosing utmost care should be
taken while handling the products. Egg Has to be
handled like egg. Glass has to be handled like
glass.
 Visible eruption of entrapped Algae will surface
up, post treatment. Either this has to be remove
manually, or flushed out thro outflow source.
 Public & Press has to be kept informed that State
is in process of cleansing the lake, hence for
couple of weeks this situation is inevitable for
good.

23. How Triozon Helps
Eco-friendly
Oxygenates
Oxidizes
Mitigates Algae Growth
Improves Water Clarity
Eliminates Pond Odors
Promotes Fish
Limits Mosquito Breeding

24. Treatment Process
Before Treatment After Treatment in 20 minutes

25. Treated Process
Post Treatment 45 minutes Post Treatment

26. 12 hrs scenario
In 12 hrs View the Algal
Color
Side View with Water Clarity

27. Our Mission ends with :

28. TEAM TRIOZON