The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Fifth cranial nerve
Have a large sensory root and a small motor root.
Motor root arises – arises from the lateral aspect of lower pons (cranially) the motor root cross the apex of the petrous temporal bone beneath the superior petrosal sinus, to enter the middle cranial fossa.
Sensory root – arises from the lateral aspect of lower pons (caudally).
RELATIONS
Medially
(a) internal carotid artery
(b) posterior part of cavernous sinus
Laterally - middle meningeal artery
Superiorly - parahippocampal gyrus
Inferiorly
motor root of trigeminal nerve
(b) greater petrosal nerve
(c) apex of the petrous temporal bone
(d) foramen lacerum.OPTHALIMIC DIVISION
Terminal branches of Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve, are
1. Frontal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
2. Nasociliary
Branch of ciliray ganglion
2-3 long ciliary nerves
Posterior ethmoidal
Infratrochlear
Anterior ethmoidal
3. Lacrimal
Branches
From main trunk
Meningeal branch
Nerve to medial pterygoid
From the anterior trunk
Sensory branch
Buccal nerve
Motor branch
Masseteric
Deep temporal nerve
Nerve to lateral pterygoid
From the posterior trunk
Auriculotemporal
Lingual
Inferior alveolar nerves
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Fifth cranial nerve
Have a large sensory root and a small motor root.
Motor root arises – arises from the lateral aspect of lower pons (cranially) the motor root cross the apex of the petrous temporal bone beneath the superior petrosal sinus, to enter the middle cranial fossa.
Sensory root – arises from the lateral aspect of lower pons (caudally).
RELATIONS
Medially
(a) internal carotid artery
(b) posterior part of cavernous sinus
Laterally - middle meningeal artery
Superiorly - parahippocampal gyrus
Inferiorly
motor root of trigeminal nerve
(b) greater petrosal nerve
(c) apex of the petrous temporal bone
(d) foramen lacerum.OPTHALIMIC DIVISION
Terminal branches of Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve, are
1. Frontal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
2. Nasociliary
Branch of ciliray ganglion
2-3 long ciliary nerves
Posterior ethmoidal
Infratrochlear
Anterior ethmoidal
3. Lacrimal
Branches
From main trunk
Meningeal branch
Nerve to medial pterygoid
From the anterior trunk
Sensory branch
Buccal nerve
Motor branch
Masseteric
Deep temporal nerve
Nerve to lateral pterygoid
From the posterior trunk
Auriculotemporal
Lingual
Inferior alveolar nerves
trigeminal nerve and pathology/rotary endodontic courses by indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Trigeminal nerve / orthodontic courses by Indian dental academyIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This presentation contains the detailed description about the courses, branches and supply of the Trigeminal Nerve, contains variations of maxillary nerve & Mandibular Nerve, and the detail about trigeminal Neurolgia and its managements
trigeminal nerve and pathology/rotary endodontic courses by indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Trigeminal nerve / orthodontic courses by Indian dental academyIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This presentation contains the detailed description about the courses, branches and supply of the Trigeminal Nerve, contains variations of maxillary nerve & Mandibular Nerve, and the detail about trigeminal Neurolgia and its managements
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
3. INTRODUCTION
It is the Largest cranial Nerve
Contains both the Sensory and motor
fibres.
It is sensory from the head, but motor
to the jaw muscles.
4. The term trigeminal was given byWinslow on
account of its three divisions.
The part of parasympathetic craniosacral
outflow.
It is a mixed nerve ( sensory and motor )
Contains
1,70,000 sensory fibres
7,700 motor fibres
The 3 divisions have approx.
Ophthalmic 26,000
Maxillary 50,000
Mandibular 78,000
5. NUCLEI
The trigeminal nerve has four
nuclei:
The main sensory nucleus,
The spinal nucleus,
The mesencephalic nucleus, and
The motor nucleus.
6. SENSORY NUCLEUS
It lies in the upper part of pons lateral to
the motor nucleus.
It is continuous below with the spinal
nucleus and above with the mesencephalic
nucleus.
7. SPINAL NUCLEUS
▪It descends from the main sensory
nucleus in the pons, through the
whole length of medulla oblongata
▪And into the upper two segments of
the spinal cord.
8. MESENCEPHALIC NUCLEUS
▪This nucleus is situated in the
lateral part of the central grey
matter of the midbrain.
▪It extends down in the pons up to
the main sensory nucleus.
9. MOTOR NUCLEUS
This is situated in the upper
part of the pons medial to the
main sensory nucleus.
10.
11.
12. FUCTIONAL COMPONENT –
SENSORY COMPONENT [GENERAL SOMATIC
AFFERENT] AND CONNECTIONS OFTHE
SENSORY NUCLEI
Sensation from the eyeball, lacrimal gland,
conjunctiva, face, oral and nasal cavities are
carried along the sensory component of the
serve and relayed as below
14. descending fibres ascending fibres
Spinal nuc. Principal sen nuc. Mesencephalic
Trigeminal Leminiscus
Thalmus
Post Central Gyrus Cerebral Cortex (areas 3,2,1.)
15. THE TRIGEMINAL GANGLION :-
Also known as Gasserian ganglion, or semilunar
ganglion, is a sensory ganglion of
the trigeminal nerve that occupies a cavity
(Meckel's cave) in the dura mater, covering
the trigeminal impression near the apex of
the petrous part of the temporal bone.
16. It is somewhat crescentic or semilunarin shape, with its convexity directed
anteriomedialy.
The three divisions of the trigeminal nerve emerges from this convexity.
17.
18. RELATIONS:-
MEDIALY- Internal carotid artery &
posterior part of cavernous sinus
LATERALY-Middle meningeal artery
SUPERIORLY- Uncus And temporal lobe
INFERIORLY-Motor root of trigeminal nerve,
greater petrosal nerve ,
apex of the petrous temporal bone,
foramen lacerum.
23. OPHTHALMIC NERVE [V1]
It is the smallest of 3 division.
It lies in the Cavernous sinus where the
oculomotor and trochlear nerves are superior
to it and maxillary division is inferior to it.
24.
25. Before entering the orbit by the superior orbital fissure it
divides into
Lacrimal Nasociliary Frontal
(smallest) (intermediate) (largest)
Internal External Supra Supra
nasal nasal Troclear Orbital
Long Infra Posterior
ciliary Trochlear Ethmoidal
26.
27. Lacrimal nerve:
Smallest of main ophthalmic branches
Enters the orbit through the lateral part of the
superior orbital fissure
Runs along the upper border of the rectus
lateralis with the lacrimal artery
Receives a communication from the
zygomaticotemporal branch of maxillary
nerve.which contains lacrimal secretomotor
fibres
28.
29. FRONTAL NERVE:
Largest branch of the ophthalmic division.
Enters the orbit by the superior orbital fissure.
Divides midway between the apex and the base of the
orbit into two branches:
Supratrochlear Supra orbital
(small) (large)
30.
31. SUPRATROCHLEAR BRANCH:
Runs anteromedially, passing above the troclear.
Supplies a descending filament to the infratrochlear
branch of naso ciliary nerve.
Then it emerges between the trochlea and the
supraorbital foramen and supplies
- conjunctiva
- skin of the upper eyelid
- skin of the lower forehead near the midline
32. SUPRA ORBITAl BRANCH:
Emerges from orbit through supraorbital notch or
foramen.
It supplies,
-Conjuctiva
-Central part of the upper eyelid,
-Frontal air sinus
-Skin of the forehead
-scalp up to the vertex or even upto the lambdoid
suture.
33. Nasociliary nerve:
Begins in lateral wall of the anterior part of
cavernous sinus.
Enters the orbit through middle part of superior
orbital fissure.
Crosses above the optic nerve from lateral to
medial side.
34.
35. Branches as follows:
o Communication branch to the ciliary ganglion
from sensory root of the ganglion. It is mixed
with sympathetic root.
o Long ciliary nerves run on the medial side of the
optic nerve.
Supply sensory nerves to cornea, iris ciliary
body.
o Posterior ethmoidal nerve passes through
posterior ethmoidal foramen
Supplies ethmoidal and sphenoidal air
sinuses.
36.
37.
38. o Infratrochlear nerve is smallest terminal branch
of Nasocilliary nerve.
o Emerges from orbit below the trochlea and
appears on the face above the medial angle of
the eye.
Supplies
-Conjunctiva
-Lacrimal sac
-Caruncle
-Medial ends of the eyelids.
39.
40. o Anterior ethmoidal nerve is the largest terminal
of nasociliary nerve.
o Passes through anterior ethmoidal foramen.
o Appears for short distance, in the anterior
cranial fossa then it descends into the nose
through a slit at the side of anterior part of the
crista galli.
41. Maxillary Nerve [v2]
After arising from the ganglion passes through the foramen
rotundum and reaches the pterygopalatine fossa.
It has 5 Branches:
Middle meningeal nerve
Pterygopalatine nerve
Posterior superior alveolar nerves
Zygomatic nerve
42. Mandibular Nerve [V3]
It is formed by union of tensor trunks, large sensory trunk with motor
root of the trigeminal.
The motor root supplies the muscles of mastication, tensor tympani,
tensor veli palatine , mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric
muscle.
43. Thank You
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