The document discusses trends in the 4th Industrial Revolution including the Internet of Things (IoT) and how lighting technology is evolving to enable the Internet of Lights (IoL). It outlines how LED lighting infrastructure can be leveraged for applications like intelligent lighting, Li-Fi broadband connections, and creating smart environments for homes, offices, retail stores, and cities. The goals of developing an IoL standard are also summarized as being IP-based, open, extensible, interoperable, secure, with consideration for performance, security, privacy, and energy efficiency.

1. Trend of 4th Industrial Revolution-
linked Application Service Technology
based IoT/IoL
Prof. JAESANG CHA
DEPARTMENT OF MEDIA IT ENGINEERING
SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, SOUTH KOREA

2. Index
1. Introduction
2. What is 4th industrial revolution
3. Trends of 4th Industrial revolution
4. Led revolution
5. IoT applications and challenges
6. Internet of Lights Meets Internet of Things
7. Applications of Internet of Lights
8. The main goals of creating an IoL standard

3. Introduction
“Together shape a future that works for all by putting people first, empowering them and
constantly reminding ourselves that all of these new technologies are first and foremost tools
made by people for people.”
“The Fourth Industrial Revolution, finally, will change not only what we do but also who we
are. It will affect our identity and all the issues associated with it: our sense of privacy, our
notions of ownership, our consumption patterns, the time we devote to work and leisure, and
how we develop our careers, cultivate our skills, meet people, and nurture relationships.”
Professor Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum

4. What is 4th industrial revolution
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the new age is differentiated by the speed of technological
breakthroughs, the pervasiveness of scope and the tremendous impact of new systems.

5. Trends of 4th industrial revolution
• Physical
• autonomous vehicles
• 3D printing
• advanced robotics
• Digital
• artificial intelligence
• internet of things (IoT)
• distributed ledger (blockchain)
• augment & virtual reality
• Biological
• genome editing
• embedded in body sensors and
monitors

6. IoT Applications
Information and analysis
◦ Tracking behavior
◦ Monitoring the behavior of persons, things
or data through space and time
◦ Enhanced situational awareness
◦ Achieving real-time awareness of physical
environment
◦ Sensor-driven decision analytics
◦ Assisting human decision making through
deep analysis and data visualization
Automation and control
◦ Process optimization
◦ Automated control of closed (self-contained)
systems
◦ Optimized resource consumption
◦ Control of consumption to optimize resource
use across network
◦ Complex autonomous systems
◦ Automated control in open environments
with great uncertainty

7. LED Revolution
The LED revolution is over. To no one’s surprise,
LEDs have won.
Solid-state lighting is changing how we light the
world, successfully displacing traditional
illumination sources across every part of the
global lighting market.
Improvements in both the efficiency and quality of
LED lighting promise to make the light in our
ceilings more than simply functional illumination.
This is Lighting 2.0: efficient, high-quality lighting
that can communicate and interact with its
environment, as well as with the users that it
serves.

8. Internet of Lights Meets Internet of Things
Where do we put all these IoT devices?
◦ Lighting is everywhere the IoT wants to be
How do we power them?
◦ As low-voltage, semiconductor technology, LEDs
are inherently compatible with processing, sensing,
and networking devices
How do we connect them?
◦ The networks being deployed for lighting can be
leveraged to connect a wide range of IoT devices
How do we pay for them?
◦ Lighting is the only IoT platform that pays for itself

9. Applications of Internet of Lights
◦ Intelligent illuminations
◦ Smart light with an integrated system for detecting anomalies in traffic.
◦ Smart lights for health and care facilities
◦ Smart lights for shopping centers
◦ Smart lights for parking garages
◦ Smart street lights
◦ Broadband connection
◦ Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) - wireless communication between devices using light to transmit data in a high speed
◦ OWC (Optical wireless communications) - form of optical communication in which unguided visible, infrared
(IR), or ultraviolet (UV) light is used to carry a signal
◦ Health & Wellness
◦ Active sleep management via wearables and tunable lighting
◦ Clinical light therapy to treat depression and seasonal disorders

10. Applications of Internet of Lights (cont.)
◦ Smart Home Accessorizing (PoE and LED Lights)
◦ Safety & Security
◦ Egress lighting that can interactively guide you to safety
◦ City-scale sensor networks that help police identify emergencies
◦ Tracking & Location Services
◦ Retail lighting with integrated cameras to track shopper expressions
◦ Indoor location services as reliable and pervasive as GPS
◦ Process Optimization
◦ Full-facility granular resource tracking built on top of lighting networks
◦ Shift worker productivity management via spectral stimulus

11. Intelligent illuminations
The intelligent module:
◦ integrates a light source (the yellow area exposed to
the front of the module)
◦ runs from a constant voltage power supply (in this
particular example 48V) using an integrated DC-DC
LED driver with deep dimming capabilities (down to
0.1%)
◦ has integrated thermal and electrical sensors to
implement overtemperature and electrical protection
◦ monitors its own behavior to predict the remaining
life of the fixture or to indicate any issues in an early
stage such that the fixture can be serviced in a regular
maintenance cycle.

12. Smart street lightning
While the energy and cost saving benefits are
driving adoption, cities are increasingly seeing
infrastructure.
With widespread distribution across urban
areas, readily available power and integrated
connectivity, smart street lighting is being
used to form the technology foundation of a
city.
Through the addition of data collection devices
such as sensors and cameras, street lighting
infrastructure is being used as a platform to
host a variety of applications in the areas of:
◦ environmental monitoring
◦ traffic optimization
◦ smart parking
◦ public safety

13. Intelligent LED Lightning Network
The key technology behind
intelligent LED lighting networks is
Power over Internet (PoE)
PoE is simple and available because
of the success of IP-based
infrastructure platforms.
By using PoE as the artery of the
LED lighting power and control
system, lighting is incorporated
into the building as an IoT asset.

14. Smart lights for shopping centers
The existing lighting infrastructure, with sensors integrated in luminaires will allow new
services to be offered through a customer app.
The IoT use cases will offer retailers a way to connect with their customer and take their
digitalization to the next level.
The new service possibilities and ease created by the Internet of Light enables ways for
retailers to interact more with their customers.
Application like location-based services not only to reduce the cost of the necessary
investment, but also to ensure rapid return on investment.
The entire building and grounds are not only provided with optimal and energy-efficient
lighting, but at the same time the infrastructure offers the basis for new, data-based services.

15. Smart lights for parking garages
Stairwells: Occupancy sensors automatically reduce power
consumption when no one is present
Covered Parking Floors & Driving Aisles: DCL with
DEMANDflex Ballasts/Linear Fluorescent Ballasts
Indoor Signage: LED line provide better illumination at a
lower monthly energy cost

16. Smart Home Accessorizing
LEDs can be readily paired with sensors,
wireless communication modules, and
embedded processors.
The collected information could include
ambient lighting, temperature, humidity, and
anonymous room-occupancy data.
PoE-powered LED lighting networks truly
give users the ability to “dynamically
monitor and control” their LED lighting
system.

17. Lite Fidelity (Li-Fi)
LiFi is a two-way, high-speed wireless technology similar to WiFi but uses light waves
instead of radio waves to transmit data
With LiFi technology provide broadband connection with a speed of 30 Mb per second
(Mb/s) without compromising lighting quality. With 30Mb/s a user can stream
simultaneously several HD quality videos while having video calls.
Benefits of LiFi:
◦ it can be used in places where radio frequencies may interfere with equipment
◦ it can be used in environments which demands high security; for example, the back office of a
financial institution or government service

18. Optical wireless communications (OWC)
Artificial lights may soon guide your car, too: In
the quest for cars that understand the world
around them and respond intelligently, a growing
number of research engineers are exploring
systems that encode signals in LED light.
A camera measures an entire scene, so it can
receive several signals at once and distinguish
among them. And the location information helps
assign objects to signals.
VLC’s proponents say that their next mission is to
get the technology incorporated into cars

19. The main goals of creating an IoL standard
◦ IP-based: Using a general communication
protocol such as IP
◦ Open and reusable: For the wider acceptance
of lighting and building control communities
◦ Extensible: The standard should be designed
in a way that it can rapidly absorb new
developments and changes in the market and
evolve accordingly
◦ Interoperable: An interoperability standard
allows different systems to work
collaboratively
◦ Secure: IoL systems can easily benefit from the
state-of-the-art IT security techniques and
their advancements

20. The main goals of creating an IoL standard
(cont.)
◦ Performance: Moving away from today’s
dedicated lighting network to an IT network
with cloud-based communication of IoT raises
several questions
◦ Security: With IoL, the system becomes more
vulnerable to attackers and attack vectors
◦ Privacy: Data collection and analytics enabled
by IoT can be beneficial
◦ Energy: The transition to SSL provides huge
savings when compared to the conventional
fluorescent or incandescent lighting

21. Reference
• [1] Klaus Schwab, “The Forth Industrial revolution”, World Economic Forum, 2016
• [2] Brian Chemel, “Lighting and the Internet of Things”, DoE Connected Lighting
Workshop, 2016
• [3] Gerard Harbers, Xicato, and Sanjay Manney, echelon corp “'Internet of Lights' Meets
Industrial Internet of Things”, Photonics Spectra, November 2014

22. Thank you