Transport in plants For school education purpose grade 9 project done in 2024.

1. TRANSPORT IN
PLANTS
BY OWAIZ KHAN
9IGA

2. How is water and food transported
around plants?
• There basically 2 vessels, xylem and phloem.
• Xylem transports water, while Phloem transports Amino acid
and sucrose .

3. What are xylem vessels made up
of?
◦They are made up of many
hollow, dead cells joined end-
to-end.
◦These cells have no cytoplasm
or nuclei.
◦The walls are made up of
Cellulose and Lignin.

4. How is water taken up by the
plant?
◦ Firstly, the water enters the plant through the roots
plant via root hair cells and osmosis.
◦ Root hair cells are made up of many hair-like
structures, having a large surface area for a large
uptake of mineral ions and water.
◦ Water is first enters the root hair cell, then the
epidermis of the root, then the cortex of the root, then
finally to the xylem vessel.(Diagram given in next page.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

6. Transpiration and Transpiration pull
• Transpiration is a process
whereby the leaf of a plant loses
water (in water vapour form) by
the stomata.
• When there is reduced pressure
at the leaf(due to loss of
water),water flows from high
pressure to low pressure,
making water constantly flow
from the soil, then the xylem,
then back to the leaf. This is also
known as transpiration
pull/stream.
xylem

7. Measuring transpiration rate and conditions that affect it
• To measure transpiration rate ,you have to
use a potometer, which literally means
“Water measurer”.
• As the name suggests, you measure the
amount of water taken up by the plant in
the intervals of time.
• If it is a windy day, the water vapour around
the leaf is moved away quickly, allowing
more water vapour to diffuse out the
plant(increase in transpiration).
• If the temperature is high, the greater
kinetic energy of water molecules, so again
a higher rate of transpiration.
• If it is humid, there is a lot of water vapour
surrounding the leaf, which means less
water to diffuse out of the leaf.(also affects
transpiration pull)

8. Wilting
◦ Wilting takes place if the surround
temperature of the plant is high, it is
very windy and it is very less humid.
(All conditions for a very high
transpiration rate.)

9. Sources and sinks
The part of a plant where sucrose and amino acids (normally
leaves)are made, is known as a source.
The other parts of the plant which receive the amino acids and
sucrose via phloem vessel is known as sinks.
During harsh conditions, plants cannot photosynthesise ,or they
barely do, so they move their source to the root until the end of
that time period.

10. THANK YOU!!!
(THANKSFOR LISTENINGAND SURVIVNG)