This presentation provides an overview of OLED technology. It discusses that OLEDs are made of thin films of organic materials that emit light when electric current is applied. The history of OLED development from 1987 to recent announcements of AMOLED displays is presented. The key features of OLEDs are their flexibility, light weight, high contrast and brightness from all viewing angles. The common types of OLEDs and their applications in televisions, phones and laptops are also summarized along with the advantages of OLEDs over LCDs and some current disadvantages that researchers are working to improve.

1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY
PRESENTATION ON OLED TECHNOLOGY
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Dr. K. ANUSUDHA,
Assistant Professor,
Dept. Of Electronics Engineering
PRESENTED BY
S. EGHANATHAN
M.Tech (ECE) – Ist Yr
21304010

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS AN OLED?
 HISTORY
 FEATURES
 STRUCTURE OF OLED(Figure)
 OLED FABRICATION
 OLED DEPOSITION
 TYPES OF OLED
 OLED ADVANTAGES
 OLED DISADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
• Uses Organic Light Emitting Diode(OLED).
• Emerging Technology for displays in devices.
• Main principle behind OLED technology is electroluminescence.
• Offers brighter, thinner, high contrast, flexible displays.

4. WHAT IS AN OLED?
• OLEDs are solid state devices composed of thin films of
organic molecules that is 100 to 500 nanometres thick.
• They emits light with the application of electricity.
• They doesn’t require any backlight i.e., they are self emitting.
• They are made from carbon and hydrogen.

5. HISTORY
• The first OLED devices was developed by Eastman Kodak in
1987.
• In 1996, pioneer produces the world’s first commercial
PMOLED.
• In 2000, many companies like Motorola, LG etc developed
various displays.
• In 2001, sony developed world’s largest fullcolor OLED.

6. • In 2002, approximately 3.5 million passive matrix OLED sub-
displays were sold, and over 10 million were sold in 2003.
• In 2010 and 2011, many companies announced AMOLED
displays.
• Many developments had take place in the year 2012.

7. FEATURES
• Flexibility.
• Emissive Technology.
• Light weight and thin.
• Low power consumption.
• High contrast, brighter and perfect display from all angles.

8. STRUCTURE OF OLED
(Figure)

9. OLED Fabrication
• Substrate preparation.
• Device deposition
Deposit and pattern anode.
Pattern organic layers.
Vacuum deposit and pattern cathode.
• Encapsulation.
• Also involves making backplane.

10. OLED DEPOSITION
• Organic layers can be applied to the substrate using the
following methods.
- Evaporation and shadow masking.
- Inkjet printing.
- Organic vapor phase deposition.

11. COLOUR GENERATION
• Different approaches for fabricating red, green and blue
pixels.
- Red, green and blue individual pixels.
- White emitter and color filters.
- Blue emitter and color converters.
- Stacked OLED

12. COLOUR GENERATION
(Figure)

13. WORKING PRINCIPLE
• A voltage is applied across the anode and cathode.
• Current flows from cathode to anode through the organic
layers.
• Electrons are removed from conductive layer leaving holes.
• Holes jump into emissive layer.
• Electron and hole combine and light emitted.

14. OLED DEVICE OPERATION

15. TYPES OF OLED
Six types of OLEDs
1. Passive matrix OLED (PMOLED).
2. Active matrix OLED (AMOLED).
3. Transparent OLED (TOLED).
4. Top emitting OLED.
5. Flexible OLED (FOLED).
6. White OLED (WOLED).

16. OLED ADVANTAGES
• Thinner, lighter and more flexible.
• Do not require backlighting like LCDs.
• Can be made to larger sizes.
• Large fields of view, about 170 degrees.
• Faster response time.
• Brighter.
• High resolution, <5𝜇𝑚 𝑝𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒.

17. OLED DISADVANTAGES
• Expensive.
• Low Lifespan.
• Water damage.
• Color balance issues.

18. APPLICATIONS
Major applications of OLED technology are
 OLED TV.
 Mobile phones with OLED screens.
 Rolltop Laptops.

19. CONCLUSION
• Organic Light Emitting Diodes are evolving as the next
generation displays.
• As OLED display technology matures, it will be better able to
improve upon certain existing limitations of LCD including
 High power consumption.
 Limited viewing angles.
 Poor contrast ratios.

20. REFERENCES
 www.elprocus.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 https://oled.com

21. THANKS