This document provides a summary of an industrial project on a four way traffic control system implemented using an FPGA. The project was completed by Ameesha Singh and Chetan Dabral for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mahatma Gandhi Mission's College of Engineering and Technology, affiliated with Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University. The project aims to design a traffic light controller using Verilog HDL that can manage traffic flow at a four road intersection through sequencing the red, yellow, and green lights. Xilinx ISE Project Navigator and iSIM simulator were used for the design, simulation, and testing of the traffic light controller system implemented on an FPGA

1. Synopsis
Of Industrial Project
on
“Four Way Traffic Control System”
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Submitted by
Ameesha Singh (1509531007)
Chetan Dabral (1509531012)
Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s College of Engineering and Technology, Noida
Affiliated to
Dr. A.P.J. AKTU Lucknow

2. Title
The traffic in road crossings /junctions is controlled by switching ON/OFF Red, Green & Amber
lights in a particular sequence. It plays more and more important role in modern management
and control of urban traffic to reduce the accident and traffic jam in road. It is a sequential
machine to be analyzed and programmed through a multistep process.
Abstract
Traffic lights are the signaling devices used to manage traffic on multi-way road. These are
positioned to control the competing flow of the traffic at the road intersections to avoid
collisions. By displaying lights (red, yellow and green), they alternate the way of multi-road
users. The implementation of traffic Light Controller can be through a Microcontroller, Field
Programmable Gate Array or Application Specific Integrated Circuit. While the microcontrollers
use the c programming languages, the ASIC and FPGA use the hardware description languages
I.e., Verilog, system Verilog or VHDL. FPGA implementation is advantageous over ASIC and
microcontroller; number of IO ports and performance compared to microcontroller and
implementation with FPGA is less expensive compared to ASIC design. The code that we have
used in this project can be used to program the FPGA Spartan kit, but due to unavailability of the
kits we would be only simulating this on the Xilinx project navigator 14.7
Methodology
There are different techniques for design entry. Schematic based, Hardware Description
Language and combination of both etc. Selection of a method depends on the design and
designer. If the designer wants to deal more with Hardware, then Schematic entry is the better
choice. When the design is complex or the designer thinks the design in an algorithmic way then
HDL is the better choice. Language based entry is faster but lag in performance and density.
Another method but rarely used is state-machines. It is the better choice for the
designers who think the design as a series of states. But the tools for state machine entry are
limited.

3. A general four road structure which consists of north, east, west and south directions each with a
set of three lights namely green, yellow and red. Green light in a direction will be ON when left,
straight and right side is set to be free for traffic in that direction.
Figure 1.1 Structure of Road
Figure 1.2 Algorithm for traffic light system

4. Tools/Software :
Xilinx ISE Project Navigator 14.4 - Xilinx ISE (Integrated Synthesis Environment) is a
software tool produced by Xilinx for synthesis and analysis of HDL designs, enabling the
developer to synthesize ("compile") their designs. The Xilinx ISE is primarily used for circuit
synthesis and design.
iSIM simulator- ISIM or the ModelSim logic simulator is used for system-level testing.
Language used:
Verilog- Verilog is a Hardware Description Language; a textual format for describing electronic
circuits and systems. Applied to electronic design, Verilog is intended to be used for verification
through simulation, for timing analysis, for test analysis (testability analysis and fault grading)
and for logic synthesis.
Literature Survey
Traffic light controller is a set of rules and instructions that drivers, pilots, train engineers, and
ship captains rely on to avoid collisions and other hazards. Traffic control systems include signs,
lights and other devices that communicate specific directions, warnings, or requirements. Traffic
light controller (TLC) has been implemented using verilog HDL[7]. It has many advantages over
other with reference to the speed, number of input/output ports and performance which are all
very important in design. This paper concerns with a design implementation of an advanced
traffic light controller system that was built as a term project of a VLSI design subject using
VHDL. The system has many advantages over the other exciting Traffic Light Controller. The
VHDL code is being used in order to implement the design and the simulation is being tested
using the ISim Simulator. It is easy to use and the cost for the same is also less as compared to
the others.

5. Application & impact on society
The modern ways of multi way traffic management improves the traffic condition upto a large
extent.Advanced signaling controllers contribute to the improvement of the urban traffic which is
proportional to the complexity of the controller. Advanced signaling controllers contribute to the
improvement in the traffic condition; and also the prevention of the road accidents. This
implementation of four junction traffic light controller can challenge any complexity in the
traffic.
Suggested guides- Mrs. Poonam Yadav
Mrs. Priyanka Chauhan
References-
[1] Z. Yuye and Y. Weisheng, “Research of Traffic Signal Light Intelligent Control System
Based On Microcontroller,” 2009 First International Workshop on Education Technology and
Computer Science.
[2] FPGA Design Tutorial, Copyright © 1-CORE Technologies, 2004-2009. [Online]. Available:
http://www.1-core.com/library/digital/fpga-design-tutorial/quick-startguide.shtml
[3] P. P. Chu, “FPGA Prototyping by VHDL Examples-Xilinx Spartan-3 Version,” John Wiley
and Sons, 2008
[4] ISE 9.1 In-Depth Tutorial, Xilinx Inc. Copyright 1995-2007. [Online]. Available:
http://download.xilinx.com/direct/ise9_tutorials/ise9tut.pdf
[5] Programmable Logic Design (Quick Start Handbook), Xilinx Copyright 2002-2006, Online].
Available: http://www.xilinx.com/ publications/products/ cpld/logic_handbook.pdf
[6] J. M. Lee, “Verilog Quick Start,” 2nd Edition, 1998.
[7] Aamir Raza, Arun Kumar and Ekta Chaudhary,”Research Paper”, “TRAFFIC LIGHT
CONTROLLER USING VHDL”
Available at : https://www.ijmter.com/papers/volume-4/issue-4/traffic-light-controller-using-
vhdl.pdf