Managers use several tools in the planning process including stating goals, hierarchy of goals, SWOT analysis, scenario planning, contingency planning, and gap analysis. SWOT analysis identifies internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats. Gap analysis measures success towards goals. Contingency planning prepares for what to do if goals are not met, while strategic planning prepares for how to react if goals are greatly surpassed. These basic planning tools are essential for managers to effectively plan and prepare a company for different outcomes.