The document provides instructions for tools used in Arabic calligraphy. It discusses various types of paper that can be used, including glossy magazine pages and calligraphy paper. For calligraphy pens, it recommends preparing nibs by cutting them at a 35-40 degree angle to allow proper shaping of letters. Bamboo pens can be made by cutting bamboo strips, hollowing them out, adding a slit, and shaping the tip at an angle. Nib pens involve inserting a steel nib and sanding it to the proper angle before testing letters. Proper preparation of tools is essential for smooth writing in Arabic calligraphy.
Basic design & visual arts (Elements of design)Ar.Shakti Nanda
Lecture and presentation on Elements of Design for students of architecture, fine art and photography. semester - I (2015), Sri Sri University, Odisha. 7+1 Elements of design explained (Point, Line, Shapes, Space, Form, Texture, Value, Colour) in details with examples for better understanding. Content compiled from books and internet.
I've adapted this from an original presentation that wasn't mine; adding a few more slides. Serves as an excellent introduction to Art History and its methodology.
This presentation briefly talks about Islamic art and architecture, about their types, and introduction to Islamic calligraphy and their uses in Islamic architecture and their contemporary use of Islamic calligraphy.
This is a powerpoint that I made for a class where I pretended to be a monk creating a manual for a new scriptorium in Northern Ireland in the later Middle Ages.
Basic design & visual arts (Elements of design)Ar.Shakti Nanda
Lecture and presentation on Elements of Design for students of architecture, fine art and photography. semester - I (2015), Sri Sri University, Odisha. 7+1 Elements of design explained (Point, Line, Shapes, Space, Form, Texture, Value, Colour) in details with examples for better understanding. Content compiled from books and internet.
I've adapted this from an original presentation that wasn't mine; adding a few more slides. Serves as an excellent introduction to Art History and its methodology.
This presentation briefly talks about Islamic art and architecture, about their types, and introduction to Islamic calligraphy and their uses in Islamic architecture and their contemporary use of Islamic calligraphy.
This is a powerpoint that I made for a class where I pretended to be a monk creating a manual for a new scriptorium in Northern Ireland in the later Middle Ages.
This presentation was made to supplement learning in teaching drafting tools and materials. It is not the sole intention of the author to harm any organization, institution and individual. The author just wanted to inform.
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
As the popularity of online streaming continues to rise, the significance of providing outstanding viewing experiences cannot be emphasized enough. Tailored OTT players present a robust solution for service providers aiming to enhance their offerings and engage audiences in a competitive market. Through embracing customization, companies can craft immersive, individualized experiences that effectively hold viewers' attention, entertain them, and encourage repeat usage.
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Hollywood Actress - The 250 hottest galleryZsolt Nemeth
Hollywood Actress amazon album eminent worldwide media, female-singer, actresses, alhletina-woman, 250 collection.
Highest and photoreal-print exclusive testament PC collage.
Focused television virtuality crime, novel.
The sheer afterlife of the work is activism-like hollywood-actresses point com.
173 Illustrate, 250 gallery, 154 blog, 120 TV serie logo, 17 TV president logo, 183 active hyperlink.
HD AI face enhancement 384 page plus Bowker ISBN, Congress LLCL or US Copyright.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
Experience the thrill of Progressive Puzzle Adventures, like Scavenger Hunt Games and Escape Room Activities combined Solve Treasure Hunt Puzzles online.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
1. Tools for Arabic Calligraphy
Arabic calligraphy requires basic tools such as paper, ink, and a pen.
PAPER:
Calligraphy paper needs to have a smooth glossy surface in order for the pen to glide. For
practice purposes, use old News magazines with glossy pages. You can use the columns
of the magazine as guidelines, or you can sketch pencil lines to guide your work. When
you begin to acquire some skills, you can move to glossy or glazed calligraphy paper
available in any art store. Glossy paper for laser and inkjet copiers and printers work very
well. Test the paper before you buy it. If the paper is high-gloss, the pen will be skipping.
CALLIGRAPHY PENS:
There are a number of calligraphy pens and writing tools that you can use. Calligraphy
sets, felt tip pens, markers, fountain pens, and calligraphy dip pens come normally with a
flat tip (not with an oblique angle). This will not work very well with Arabic calligraphy.
The tip needs to be cut or shaped at an oblique angle of about 35-40 degrees. With any
tools, you want to be able to do the following shapes to make sure that the pen can work
well for Arabic calligraphy:
Following is a brief description of the most common tools that calligraphers use:
1- Pencils:
The most economic and accessible tools are ordinary pencils. You can use a single pencil
with a tip shaped correctly, or use a combination of two pencils at a certain arrangement,
or you can get a carpenter pencil.
- Single Pencil:
For practice purposes, an ordinary 2H pencil can be used as long as its tip is cut (shaped)
at an oblique angle of about 35-40 degrees. You need to cut the tip using a utility knife
instead of a sharpener. Follow the same instructions as those for carpenter pencils below.
- Two Pencil Combination:
Put together two ordinary graphite (2H) pencils using elastic bands or masking tape. For
Arabic calligraphy, the points of the pencils need to be arranged at about 35-40 degrees,
or the right point is about ¼ in. higher that the left point. When using the two pencil
2. combination, you may need to close the opening using one of the points. This tool is
simple and it is useful in the learning stage specially for writing large letters.
- Carpenter Pencil:
Carpenter’s pencils are available from construction supplies stores such as Home Depot.
These pencils have broad and rectangular center. Harder pencils (H) are better than soft
ones. To prepare the pencil, use a utility knife to sharpen the tip rather than using a
sharpener. The tip needs to be shaped (cut) at an oblique angle of about 35-40 degrees to
be suitable for Arabic calligraphy.
2 - Felt Tip Pens:
These pens are available from stationary or art supplies stores. You need to select a chisel
tip pen such as the one manufactured by ZIG. In the Arab World, you will find pens
specially made for Arabic calligraphy by PILOT and ZIG. These pens come in 3
different nib widths: 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mils.
3. 3- Permanent Markers:
Chisel Tip markers such as Sharpie
COPIC Wide Extra Broad 100 (Black)
4 - Calligraphy Sets and Fountain Pens:
Calligraphy Pens such as ozmiled, Shaeffer, and Rotring calligraphy sets and pens can be
used for Arabic calligraphy. The nibs of these pens need to be shaped at an oblique angle
of about 35-40 degrees using sandpaper. Rotring pens come in 1.5, 1.9, 2.7 mil. See
instructions for preparing nib pens below.
4. 5 - Bamboo/ Reed Pens:
Preparing a Bamboo Calligraphy Pen:
The following guidelines were taken from Iqra’ Arabic Calligraphy Set
IQRA’ Book Center - 2701 W. Devon Ave. - Chicago, Il. 60659 - www.iqra.org
From a traditional perspective, the reed pen carved from a dry bamboo stalk is certainly the
essential beginner’s tool. The harder or more mature the bamboo, the less trouble it will give you
once carved. Soft bamboo tends to absorb the water in the ink and the nib swells out of shape.
Carving the pen is an art best learned in the traditional way at the hands of a master calligrapher.
Most of us ruin many pens before perfecting the art, but one can always cut away the old nib and
begin further down the stalk. For the enterprising among you who have no access to a teacher, the
following is a brief guide to carving your pen:
1. Drop the bamboo pen on a table or flat surface, allowing it to roll till it stops. The side which is
now facing the ceiling is the side you will carve.
2. In the side of the pen which fell face up, carve a hollow that is the length of the first digit of
your thumb. As you carve, shave away some of the thickness at the tip of the nib, but make sure
that you do not shave away so much that the nib becomes weak or paper-thin.
3. Gently and evenly peel the two sides of the hollow from the opening to the tip of the nib so
they are smooth and the tip is the approximate width you desire.
4. Make a vertical slit in the nib. Locate the slit slightly right of center, that is, closer to what will
be the point of the pen. This way the right-half-nib (the nib containing the point) is thinner than
the left-half-nib. This allows a free flow of ink when you use only the point of the to write
delicate strokes such as the point of the jiim, the tail of the waaw, or the vowel markings fatHa,
Damma, and kasra.
5. Make a small round hole at the base of the vertical slit. The hole stores ink, allowing it to flow
evenly through the slit of the tip as you write.
6. Cut the tip of the nib at the desired angle (usually 35-40 degrees) as follows:
- Place the hollowed nib of the pen upon the edge of a flat table or wooden box.
The back or uncarved side should be facing the ceiling.
5. - Position the knife on top of the nib at an angle such that the right side of the nib will be
pointed.
- Press down the knife, while holding the pen steady.
7. Peel a shallow .5 cm long indentation into the smooth back of the nib all the way to the tip.
8. With gentle vertical and horizontal strokes, sand the back and front of the nib, on fine
sandpaper, so the tip is smooth. Now write the letters alif, baa, waaw, nuun, and a big yaa on
sandpaper as if it were paper. Don’t write roughly or press down to hard! If you sense roughness
or resistance when writing any of the letters, write them two or three times on the sandpaper until
they can be written smoothly. When sanding a pen always hold it at the angle at which you would
write the same letter.
9. Dip your pen in ink until the vertical slit and hole are covered, but no further. Wipe the nib on
the cloth blotter and write. If any of the letters can’t be written smoothly, gently write them two
or three times on the sandpaper and text again. Repeat this process until satisfied.
The following guidelines were taken from “Calligraphy & Illumination” by Patricia Lovett.
Bamboo and reed pens
In historical times all scribes had to cut their own pens, or had an apprentice cut them. The
advantage was that the exact shape of nib and feel of the pen could be devised, rather than having
to put up with a manufactured standard. Nowadays cutting your own pen may seem like too much
trouble to some, yet bamboo or reed pens and quills are the best pens of all to use. Quills are light
— feather weight— and flexible enough for all sorts of letter-forms. A well-cut bamboo pen has a
spring to it which even a finely sharpened nib cannot achieve.
Cutting these pens often has an air of hidden mystique about it which is a pity as they are such a
delight to use. If you find metal nibs a problem, then make your own pens.
Cutting bamboo and reed pens
Bamboo is probably easier to get hold of than reed, although any hollow or tubular stem which is
reasonably firm but flexible can be used. Bamboo canes from a garden or a garden centre are
equally suitable. Some stems are too thin, but any stem which is more than about a centimeter (04
in) in diameter could be used when dried.
You need a short length for one pen, about 20 cm (8 in) long. Pick up the reed and bamboo and
choose the canes which are the heaviest. These have more moisture and so are easier to cut. Cut
or saw the bamboo into 20 cm (8 in) lengths so that the intended writing end is away from the
notch in the stem.
Using a heavy-duty craft knife, as bamboo is quite tough to cut, make a long scoop cut to about
half way through the stem along one side of the cane at the end. This is the under side of your nib.
With the point of the knife scrape out the pith.
Now shape the sides of the nib. Make a cut from the side towards the centre, shallow and
upwards. Place the knife where you started that cut and rotate the cane slightly clock wise so that
it is on the other side of the first cut. Repeat that shallow and upwards cut so that the shape is
symmetrical. You can now see the nib shape forming as you cut.
Place the cane on a cutting mat or similar surface so that the underneath of the nib is showing.
The nib must have a central slit so that the ink can flow through the pen on to the paper. Position
6. the knife so that it can make this central slit and press down firmly. The slit needs to be about l—
15 cm (05—07 in).
Now finish the writing end of the pen. Do this by cutting a bevel at the end of the nib you have
just cut. Hold the pen firmly and with the knife at an angle of about 30°, and pull the bamboo pen
back towards you; this will make a bevel cut. The tip may be a little ragged and uneven at this
point. To give a good, sharp writing edge, cut straight down, trimming off about 1 mm (005 in),
or at the most 2 mm (01 in). You do not want to lose the spring of the nib by making it too thick
at this point. This is the last ‘nib’ cut.
Bamboo and reed pens may take a little while to write because they soak up so much ink or paint
initially. Use a watery medium to start and make a few letters before you write a best piece. Each
time you use the pen it may take more ink than you think to start writing.
Summary of instructions:
Saw the bamboo into pen lengths of about 20 cm (8 in). Select the end away from the
notch.
1. With a sturdy and sharp craft knife make a long scoop cut which starts about 3 cm
(1.2 in) from the end and goes about halfway through the bamboo cane. Scoop out
the inner pith.
2. On the right side of this scoop make another cut about l cm (0.5 in) from the tip.
Rest the knife at the point where this cut started, rotate the pen clockwise and
make a similar cut on the left hand side. This shapes the shoulders of the nib.
3. With the top of the pen on a cutting mat, place the blade of the knife in the center
of the pen tip and press down to make a slit about 1—1.5 cm (0.5 in) long.
4. Trim the end so it is cut at a left-oblique angle of about 35-40 degrees. The left
point is higher than the right one (when you turn the pen over and start writing,
the right point will be higher).
5. Turn the pen over and hold it at an angle of about 30°, place the knife blade on
top and pull the pen upwards so making a bevel cut
6. The last “nib” cut is made by rocking the knife to take the very tip from the nib.
7. 6- Nib Pens:
Left: Standard Nibs with flat heads.
Right: After shaping the nib to 35-40 degrees
Contemporary Arabic calligraphers most commonly use nib pens for their work. These
pens consist of a steel nib inserted in a wood holder. Like the bamboo pens, they must be
dipped in an inkpot. The nibs are available in many sizes, and you can get a much finer
line than with a bamboo pen. When you buy a nib, the tip is completely flat. You must
prepare it for writing by sanding a comfortable angle onto it. Once a nib has been
prepared it can last for months if cleaned after every use and kept free of dried ink which
stretches the nib-halves out of shape.
Following are instructions for preparing the nib:
1. Insert the nib in its holder and hold the pen as if you were going to write, but press one
finger or your thumb against the nib between the hole and tip, so that the two teeth do not
separate and are sanded unevenly, the pen will not write properly.
2. Holding the pen at the angle at which you could write and protecting the teeth with one
finger, sand the pen from right to left and left to right several times. Since the nib is flat
and you wish to put an angle on it, you will initially be sanding only the left or bottom
half of the nib. As you continue, the nib will acquire an angle and both top (right) and
bottom (left) teeth will be sanded. Examine the sandpaper as you proceed. You will know
you are done when the sound of sanding changes and the horizontal mark from sanding is
8. the width of the full nib. If you look at the nib now, it should be angled instead of
straight. When held in writing position, the right tooth should contain the point of the
pen.
3. Examine the pen with its back facing you and the hollowed concave side facing away.
There is a slit down the nib which separates the two teeth. The slit should be slightly off
center to the right, so the right tooth (with the point) is thinner than the left tooth. If the
slit is directly down the center of the nib you must turn the nib on its right side and sand
the right tooth several times from right to left and left to right on the edge of your sanding
block. Sand until the right tooth (with the point) is slightly thinner than the left tooth.
This allows ink to flow freely to the point of the pen when it is used alone for delicate
strokes that do not require the entire nib width.
4. Gently write alif, baa, waaw, nuun, and a big yaa two or three times on the sandpaper.
If you sense any resistance write them again until they can be written smoothly.
5. Test the pen with ink on paper. If any letters cannot be written smoothly write the
again on sandpaper. Repeat this process until you are satisfied.