Dadaism was a post-World War I cultural movement that appeared in visual arts, literature, theatre, and graphic design. It protested the barbarism of the war by rejecting prevailing artistic standards and intellectual rigidity. Dadaist works were characterized by deliberate irrationality and had no meaning. Though not considered art by its proponents, Dadaism became highly influential in modern art as a commentary on art and society, and influenced later movements like Surrealism. Key figures in the movement included Hans Arp, Marcel Duchamp, and Kurt Schwitters.