This document discusses reading and writing skills. It explains that reading involves recognizing letters, words, meanings and understanding connections between sentences through grammar, vocabulary and world knowledge. Writing is a productive skill that involves producing letters, words, sentences and texts. The document outlines key concepts and stages of reading such as pre-reading, during reading and post reading activities. It also discusses writing subskills like accuracy and communicating a message as well as the stages of writing such as brainstorming, drafting and editing. The document notes that reading and writing skills develop differently depending on a learner's age and level.

1. TKT Module 1
Unit 5 – Reading
Unit 6 - Writing

2. Languge skills
 Receptive skills – speaking and
listening
 Productive skills – reading and writing

3. Reading involves:
 Recognition of letters
 Recognition of words
 Recognition of meaning of words
 Making sense of text
 Understanding the connection
between sentences

4. Connection of the sentences:
 By grammar and vocabulary;

5. Connection of the sentences:
 By grammar and vocabulary
 By knowlegde of the world

6. The boy was surprised because he girl was much faster
at running than he was. Then he found out that her
mother had won a medal for running at the Olympic
Games.

7. Connection of the sentences:
 By grammar or vocabulary – cohision
 By the knowledge of world -
coherence

8. Reading subskills:
 Reading for specific information –
scanning
 Reading for gist – skimming
 Reading for detail
 Extensive reading (mind intensive
reading)

9. Key concepts:
 Learners transfer their subskills from L1 to L2
 Giving opportunities for extensive reading helps students
develop their fluency in reading (both in and out of
class)
 As teachers we follow the language levels when working
with reading – letter – word – phrase – sentence – text.
 Choose the right texts for your learners.
 Simplify the task or make it more difficult
 Use authentic materials
 Different comprehension tasks develop different subskills

10. The activities in a reading lesson:
 Pre-reading activities
 Main activities
 Post activities

11. Unit 6 - Writing

12. Writing is a productive skill.
Involves:
 Producing letters
 Producing words
 Producing sentences
 Prtoducing texts

13. Writing subskills:
 Accuracy
 Communicating a message

14. Stages of writing:
 Brainstorming
 Making notes
 Planning
 Writing a draft
 Editing (correcting and impoving)
 Producing another draft
 Proof-reading (checking for mistakes)

15. Writing skills differ at different age:
 At primary level we teach how to write
letters and words, post cards, invitations.
 At secondary level we need to focus on
longer texts (letters, emails etc.)
 When teaching writing we focus both on
accuracy and communicating a message.
 Personalisation drives the development of
writing.