1) Grammar is the system and structure of a language that evolves over time based on how people use language, rather than fixed rules. It reflects how a language is used at a particular point in time. 2) Knowing grammar helps people effectively monitor and communicate the meaning and effectiveness of language use. However, usage is more important than fixed rules. 3) It is important for students to use correct grammar when writing or speaking to fully express their message to others and meet educational standards, though languages naturally change over time. Teaching grammar needs to consider learners' backgrounds and class objectives.

1. By:
Javed Iqbal PDT, PDCN for EDIP project
24-9-2011 1

2. What is Grammar?
Grammar is the system of a language. People
sometimes describe grammar as the "rules" of a
language; but in fact no language has rules*. If we use
the word "rules", we suggest that somebody created the
rules first and then spoke the language, like a new
game. But languages did not start like that. Languages
started by people making sounds which evolved into
words, phrases and sentences. No commonly-spoken
language is fixed. All languages change over time. What
we call "grammar" is simply a reflection of a language at
a particular time.
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/grammar-what.htm
4/8/2012 2

3. Cont…
• Grammar is the structural foundation of our
ability to express ourselves. The more we
are aware of how it works, the more we can
monitor the meaning and effectiveness of
the way we and others use language
• (David Crystal, "In Word and Deed," TES Teacher, April 30, 2004).
• It is necessary to know grammar, and it is better to
write grammatically than not, but it is well to
remember that grammar is common speech
formulated. Usage is the only test.
(William Somerset Maugham, The Summing Up, 1938)
4/8/2012 3

4. What do you think?
• Would you agree or disagree with the following
statement?
It’s not important for students to use correct
grammar when they are talking, as long as
they are getting their message across.
It’s not important for students to use correct
grammar when they are writing, as long as
they are getting their message across.
4/8/2012 4

5. Cont…
• Accuracy is important because…
From the point of view of the hearer/reader,
inaccuracy, even if it doesn’t affect meaning,
•From the point of view of the teacher,
professionalism means teaching the
language as best we can
4/8/2012 5

6. Things need to consider
while teaching Grammar
• What type of learning background do the learners
have?
• What are the objectives of this class?
• What learning materials and resources are
available?
4/8/2012 6

7. Importance of Grammar
• With the widespread institution of standards
and high-stakes tests, students are expected
to recognize and use correct grammar.
Educators can no longer afford to assume
that students acquire an accurate
understanding of formal language structures
through reading,
http://www.glencoe.com/sec/teachingtoday/subject/to_teach.phtml
4/8/2012 7

8. Two Common Approaches
Inductive
• First a quick definition: Inductive is known as a
'bottom up' approach. In other words, students
discovering grammar rules while working through
exercises.
• For example:
• A reading comprehension which includes a number
of sentences describing what a person has done
up to that period in time
4/8/2012 8

9. Deductive approach
• Deductive is known as a 'top down' approach. This
is the standard teaching approach that has a
teacher explaining rules to the students.
• For example:
• The present perfect is made up of the auxiliary
verb 'have' plus the past participle. It is used to
express an action which has begun in the past and
continues into the present moment... etc
4/8/2012 9

10. Let’s Do Some Activities
• Group No 1 Adverb & suffix
• Group No 2 Antonym & complete
sentence
• Group No 3 Adverb & subject verb
agreement
• Group No 4 Present simple tense &
Compound sentences
4/8/2012 10

11. Conclusion
To conclude we can say that we cannot
ignore grammar in language. Because it
directly influence the effectiveness and
meaning. Language and grammar both goes
side by side we cannot separate one from
another and we should teach grammar
combining it with the language in a
communicative way.
4/8/2012 11

12. 4/8/2012 12