Tidal energy
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The document discusses tidal energy and its generation. It describes how tides are caused by gravitational forces from the sun and moon. Tidal energy can be harnessed using in-stream devices, barrages, or lagoons. Barrages use the potential energy difference between high and low tides to power turbines. Lagoons have self-contained structures to harness tidal energy at a lower cost than barrages. Tidal energy is a renewable source with predictable tides, but construction can be costly and disrupt aquatic ecosystems.
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The document discusses an underwater windmill seminar presentation. It introduces tidal energy generation using underwater turbines that capture the kinetic energy of ocean tides. The main components of the turbines include supporting structures anchored to the seabed, rotating blades mounted on a hub and connected to a generator through a gearbox. As the tides rise and fall twice daily in a predictable pattern, the turbines rotate to produce electricity through a consistent renewable source. Developing coastal nations could benefit from implementing this technology to provide sustainable power.
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The document discusses wind energy and wind turbines. It begins by explaining that wind is caused by convection currents in the atmosphere driven by solar energy. It then classifies different types of winds and describes the Beaufort scale for measuring wind speed. The document focuses on horizontal axis wind turbines, describing their components, working principle, and equations of motion. It also discusses wind farms and criteria for selecting wind farm sites. Overall, the document provides an overview of wind energy production from atmospheric winds to powering wind turbines.
underwater windmill
This document is a seminar report on underwater windmills presented by Jadhav Lalit Vilas. It discusses the history and working of underwater windmills, also called tidal stream turbines. These operate similar to regular wind turbines but are placed underwater to harness the kinetic energy of tidal currents. The report outlines the various components, design challenges, power generation potential, research needs, advantages and disadvantages of underwater windmills. It concludes that tidal power is a renewable source that could meet some of the future energy demands if technical and economic issues are addressed.
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The document discusses hydro power, including its advantages and disadvantages. It describes different types of hydroelectric power plants such as impoundment, diversion, and pumped storage facilities. It also covers hydroelectric technologies like various dam types, turbines, and generating systems. The economics and environmental impacts of hydro power are summarized. Key points include hydro power being a renewable energy source but dams being expensive to build and potentially damaging to the environment.
Oceans as a non conventional source of energy
This document discusses harnessing energy from ocean sources like tides and waves. Tidal power uses the rise and fall of tides to generate electricity through tidal barrages and turbines. The gravitational pull of the moon and sun cause tides. Tidal power sites currently exist in France and Canada. Wave power captures energy directly from ocean surface waves and pressure fluctuations below. Devices like nodding ducks and oscillating wave surge converters can be used to generate electricity from wave motion. India has potential tidal power sites along its coasts and should invest more in research and development of non-conventional energy sources to reduce dependence on imports and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Tidal energy
- 1. Tidal Energy Arpan Deyasi Dept of ECE, RCCIIT, Kolkata, India Course: EI605D 5/19/2020 1Arpan Deyasi, EI605D
- 2. 5/19/2020 2Arpan Deyasi, EI605D What is Tide? Tide is the rising and falling of Earth’s ocean surface due to gravitational attractive forces of Sun and Moon, along with Earth’s rotation effect What is Tidal Force? It is the vectorial difference between the gravitational force of Earth and Moon
- 3. 5/19/2020 3Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Tidal Wave building up and receding of waves happened twice a day, i.e., two high tides and two low tides during each period of Earth’s rotation Time interval between consecutive low and high tide is 6.207 hr
- 4. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 4 SPRING Tide Sun New moonFull moon Earth Solar tide Lunar tide When gravitational attraction of Sun and Moon combines, then tide is called ‘SPRING’
- 5. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 5 NEAP Tide When gravitational attraction of Sun and Moon work orthogonally, then tide is called ‘NEAP’ Earth Solar tide Lunar tide Sun
- 6. 5/19/2020 6Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Tidal Energy Generation 1. In-stream Device: KE of moving water is utilized into power the turbines shorter and stronger blades, work as underwater windmills The set-up can be gradually scaled-up in the form of array It has lower potential costs It has higher ecological impacts
- 7. 5/19/2020 7Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Tidal Energy Generation 2. Barrages: It’s a type of bigger hydroelectric plant built at the bay Uses PE difference between high and low tides Higher cost of installation Larger ecological impacts
- 8. 5/19/2020 8Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Tidal Energy Generation 3. Lagoon : It’s a type of small barrage built at lower cost Self-contained structures Combination of ebb and flood Cost and potential impact are lower than barrage
- 9. 5/19/2020 9Arpan Deyasi, EI605D WorkingprincipleofBarrage
- 10. 5/19/2020 10Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Working principle of Barrage Consists of turbines, sluice gates, barrage iself Operates during Ebb and Flood Barrage holds water back during high tide Sluice gate let the water flow whenever required Turbine and generator produce electricity
- 11. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 11 Ebb & Flood
- 12. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 12 Ebb generation Basin is filled with incoming high tide current Sluice gates are closed When outside water level is low enough, gates are opened so that water can flows out, thorough turbines
- 13. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 13 Flood generation Basin is emptied with low tide Sluice gates are closed When water level is outside is high enough, gates are opened to allow water flow inside, through turbines
- 14. 5/19/2020 14Arpan Deyasi, EI605D SINGLE BASIN TIDAL ENERGY SYSTEM Power house is situated at the mouth of single basin Hydraulic turbine only operates during discharge of water from basin during ebb tide. During high tidal basin is again filled. Power generation is intermittent. It cannot meet peak power demands .
- 15. 5/19/2020 15Arpan Deyasi, EI605D DOUBLE BASIN TIDAL ENERGY SYSTEM System has two basins at two different levels and sluice gates are provided in the dam. Upper basin is filled during high tide and lower basin is emptied during low tide. Therefore, it creates a permanent head for turbine to operate continuously. Power generation is continuous. The peak power demands can be met by pumping water by other means from lower basin to upper basin.
- 16. 5/19/2020 16Arpan Deyasi, EI605D Uses of Tidal Energy Tidal Electricity generation Mechanical crushing of grains in grain mills Tidal barrage can be used to store energy
- 17. Advantages of Tidal Energy Longevity of equipment is relatively large Inexhaustible source of energy No greenhouse gas emission Can be generated at large scale as 75% of earth is covered by water Rise and fall of tides are predictable owing to their cyclic fashion Efficiency is higher than coal, solar or wind After installation, maintenance cost is relatively low Fuel is not required for operation 5/19/2020 17Arpan Deyasi, EI605D
- 18. Disadvantages of Tidal Energy Electro-magnetic emissions disrupt aquatic eco-system High construction costs Less sites available for construction costs, associated with expensive transmission costs Unpredictable sea-wave can destruct power generation units Frozen sea, weak tides, straight shorelines, low tidal waves cause obstructions 5/19/2020 18Arpan Deyasi, EI605D
- 19. 5/19/2020 Arpan Deyasi, EI605D 19 References 1. Non conventional Energy, A. V. Desai, New Age International Publishers Ltd. 2. Renewable energy resources and emerging technologies, D.P. Kothari, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 3. Er. R K Rajput, Non-Conventional Energy Sources and Utilisation (Energy Engineering), S. Chand Publishing 4. B.H Khan, Non Conventioanl Energy Resources, Tata McGraw-Hill Education