The document discusses designing children's homes to provide a nurturing environment for orphaned and vulnerable children. It outlines the need to address issues like child labor, lack of education, and abuse that many children in India face. The project aims to give children a good environment to grow up in with nutritious food, education, healthcare, guidance, and recreational activities. Design considerations include ensuring children's safety while allowing independence, providing private spaces, incorporating children's scale and movement patterns, and integrating indoor and outdoor social and natural spaces. Research was conducted through surveys and interviews to understand children's preferences and needs. Guidelines were developed to create a child-centered design that supports children's well-being and development.

1. THESIS PROGRAMMING
ABOUT CHILDREN'S HOME.

2. INTRODUCTION
In todays time we see lot of children's are roaming around us some of them are beggars of
them are child labour or some of them are doing other things. In their age they should
play,learn new things but now they have lost their rights to do this things. As we can see most
of then reason is because they are poor or they are orphaned and in some cases we can even
see that some children's are sold by their own parents. As we know bylaws people cant take
children under 14 as a labour but the real scenario is that people take more children under 14
as for their works. Child labour is prominent in rural India - 80% of working children live
in India's villages, where most of them work in agriculture. ... Children between 14-17 years
engaged in hazardous work account for 62.8% of the India's child labour workforce, 10% of
whom are hired in family enterprises. There are 25 million orphan children in India 20047 and
11 million street children. India has the worlds largest number of sexually abused
children(UNICEF).This static's are saying the story of every single children's life who has no
freedom to play or learn.

3. AIM OF THE PROJECT
We all know that this children's are very important assets for our country as they are the future
of our country, the progress of our country in future are in there hands and if they are not
grown up with morals and humanity or good upbringing then the future of the country might
be in danger. So therefore I am doing this project about children's home to gave children's a
good environment to be grown up. The good materials for studies and learn educating them
well. Learning different skill so that in future they can established well in there life. These
homes are not meant to be warehouse or factories to take children's and spit out adult. This
research study provide with specific design that can be used to raise the standard of care
deliverd in these homes and can serve as a refrence for building future institution and
redesigning of the existing door.

4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• To provide children with adequate nutritious Food. A good diet and minimum three (3)
meals a day.
• Provide a suitable home for the Children with all necessary amenities.
• Provide children with a good Primary and Secondary Education. And professional training
for a secured Livelihood.
• Provide Children with a good Medical care and ensure children enjoy a happy, healthy life.
• Provide Parental guidance, Spiritual guidance and Love.
• Provide Recreational facilities and Social amenities to entertain and educate
• Ensure Children are protected from any form of Abuse, Discrimination, Slavery, and Cruel
punishment. Protected from sexual exploitation, Economic exploitation and protected from
use or trafficking harmful substances.

5. .
• Content:-To have growth and development as well as the abilities attitudes and priorities of all the children of
same age group is taken as a content. Each children is nee of protection and care who is from fa different
background and has his/her own unique story but Taking into consideration only the factors which these children
have in common.
• Variables:-The age group of children are the independent variables. Different spaces in the residence also
becomes the independent variable as each space has a unique function each space in residence is dependent
variable which varies according to age group of children and based on different gender.
• Scale:-Children's are small and it is their most obvious difference as compared to adults that is the way we
identify them and they identify themselves. Their smallness can make them vulnerable and insecure. That is the
reason they are naturally drawn small cubbies and small scale ares where they can feel content component to seen
with new challenges providing small spaces within in the whole give children sense of safty,sence of control,sence
of belonging,sence of learning…..provision of small furniture and equipment, low level small windows that only
child can use, breaking up a larger volume into smaller components, helps children to come with the world around
them, small competes like mouse hole cut.
• Interaction with the building environment:-Children do not move in straight line from A to B as adults do. They
like obstacles children don’t just walk, they skip, shimmy along on their bottems,run,jump and meander.Built-
enviorment interact with the children. Whether it encloses them or it challenges them. Children uses component
that uses more challenges ways of moving. Any prop that can be used to extend the scope of movement is seized
upon A all for balancing, slippery surface, a secret tunnel, A tiny door, alphabet blocks, different shape sitting
place, colouring blocks, puzzle blocks.
• Private Spaces:-Places of solitude are essential to the psychological growth of a child. It is important to have few
simple unit where a children can play alone. Every human needs to relax, reflect and develop personal growth.
Cubbies and comfortable corners are child's favourite. This sense of privacy is often not respected in many
orphanage which leads to psychological issues.

6. .
• Area of space:-there is a direct co-relation between the stress levels of children and the amount of space available
to them. Spaces that are too large can lead to noise and confusion, Spaces that are too small can create hightlight
level of stress and anxiety. Lack of spaces in home leads to poor social interaction Gary Moore process 4.5 sq.m.
per child(ideal activity space).
• INTERACTIVE AND GROUP SPACES:-Interactive and group spaces brings feeling of togetherness and
community living among children. Teenagers like to socialise, to know each other and form bigger groups.
Community/interactive spaces allow children to interact with the larger world. Interactive spaces should be warm,
attractive and welcoming, opportunities for incidental interaction. To reduce the effect of internalising behaviour
among these children(withdrawal, sad, isolated) provision for interactive spaces becomes very importan Children
like sense of spatial freedom, unsupervised play and adventure that follows, children don't like the idea of being
supervised or watched over. All the spaces designed for children should ensure natural supervision and should be
linked to adult circulation routes so that children can be observed indirectly ensuring both supervision and child's
freedom. These children are quite free and live on their own, so incorporating sense of freedom in the design
becomes very important.
• OUTDOOR NATURAL SPACES:-Children have place attachment towards nature. Nature act as healing and
nurturing element which becomes essential in these homes to help in emotional healing in children's home. There
is much evidence that being in natural environments, or just looking at nature, promotes recovery from stress
(Shibata and Suzuki). Humans experience greater stress level when outside natural surroundings.

7. DATA COLLECTION AND
ANALYSIS
• SCALE PREFERENCE:-According to the survey conducted for 80 children(40 children;
40 target group children) out of which all of them reported attachment towards spaces and
furniture of their scale which gives them idea of being on their own, independence. All the
parents surveyed (10 in number)and experts interviewee (5 in number) agreed with the idea
of scaled spaces and furniture which helps them relate to the surrounding and helps in better
functioning of his/her body
• INTERACTION WITH THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT:-According to the survey
conducted for 80 children, out of which all of them uses component that uses more
challenging ways of moving, interesting paths with purpose(area for play, interactions etc).
All the parents surveyed (10 in number)and experts interviewee (5 in number) agreed with
the idea of children interaction with the built space of residence because that is where they
spend most part of their day, explore, learn and develop physical, cognitive and motor skills.

8. .
• PRIVATE AND HIDING SPACES:-According to the survey conducted for 80 children, out of which 90% of
them liked the idea of having small hiding and private places, where they can simply be away from all social
demands. When asked to all the parents surveyed (10 in number) if their child goes to hiding/private spaces when
not in a good mood or to show his/her anger, 70% said yes. According to the experts interviewee (5 in number)
private and hiding spaces can be used to create healing spaces for children within orphanages where they can
reflect upon themselves.
• ADULT'S SUPERVISION:-According to the survey conducted for 80 children, out of which 70% of the children
doesn't like the idea of being supervised by the adults when playing or doing other activities, as adult supervision
restricts freedom, movement, exploration area. On contrary note out of all the parent surveyed 70% thinks their
child like being supervised. According to the experts interviewee (5 in number) opinion, parent supervising
children every time will lower their self esteem and self dependence, children need to face, learn and explore
things on their own.
• AGE-PREFERENCE:-According to the survey conducted for 40 children and 40 target group children, out of
which 90% of them(children) mentioned they prefer staying in same age group while on the other hand 90% of the
target group mentioned their preference as staying with friends and siblings for all age group. all the parents
surveyed prefer their child to stay with friends from same age group as they share common ideas and interests
while on the other hands experts mentioned both pros and cons of the mixed age group( younger children learn
looking at the older one but at the same time they can learn bad habits too)

9. GUIDELINES
• ADULT'S SUPERVISION AND CHILD'S INDEPENDENCE:-All the spaces designed for
children should ensure natural or indirect supervision. Locating all the open spaces and play
area in the centre surrounded by residential setting. Residences and other adult spaces
arranged along the pathway ensure natural supervision. Creating level difference at site
where play area and open spaces are located at the lower level and residence and other
spaces at higher level to ensure indirect supervision. In the residential planning linking
mother circulation routes in such a way that she passes all the spaces used by kids.
• PRIVATE AND HIDING SPACES:-provision for spaces which only children can access(low
height entrance, small spaces). provision for secret hideout spaces on site. attic and cellar
spaces in residence act as private and hiding spaces.

10. .
• INTERACTION AND GROUP SPACES:-Provision for courtyards and amphitheatre promotes interaction.
Integrating nooks and corners in design, seating along pathway promotes interaction. Corridor spaces promotes
interaction when provision is made for seating, playing etc. Visual access to open spaces promotes interaction
Incorporating interactive spaces such as courtyards in residential setting. porches, common entry to residences,
open spaces promote group living and interaction.
• OUTDOOR NATURALAREAAND PLAY FACILITIES:-Provision for safe, spontaneous exploration of the
near environment and for spontaneous socialisation. The main criteria for outdoor play physical proximity and
accessibility, visual accessibility(efficient up to radius of 86 m).Play area should be planned in such a way that
older children can keep an eye on the older ones.(by provision on different level, older ones on higher level).
• SCALE PREFERENCE:-provision of scaled spaces depending upon the anthropometry of the children. furniture
which can be easily accessible by the children should be provided. provision of wash basin, entrance door and
other details at child's height which makes them relate to the surrounding and creates interesting environment.
window should react to a child's proportions and should be at a child's eye level. Breaking up a larger volume into
smaller components.

11. CONCLUSION
Architecture provides a smooth pathway to the process of emotional healing and
transformation of these children in children's home. From the above research it can be
concluded that how different aspects creates child-friendly environment in a residential setting
and incorporate a sense of belonging and being in these homes. taking into consideration
aspects like scale, outdoor natural space, interaction with the built spaces, group spaces, adult
supervision and child's independence, community living, private and hiding spaces makes a
child relate to the surrounding , makes them more excited about their surroundings. From all
the conducted survey it can be analyzed that there is no major difference between the children
and the target group except aspect like age preference. All the above provided guidelines will
impart a sense of identity, respect, community living, socialization skills in these children
ultimately leading to a individual with full potentials to contribute to the nation and a worthy
member of the society.