The document discusses various concepts related to analyzing visual media, including iconography, narrative structures, stereotypes, and analyzing posters, trailers, and soundtracks. Key points include definitions of linear vs non-linear narratives, examples of common stereotypes (e.g. for gender and class), and how visual and audio elements of posters and trailers can be manipulated to influence audience perception and interest.

1. Theory- Meaning
Samuel-Nixon

2. Snake
• Denotation- a snake is a
scaly reptile that has no
arms or legs.
• Connotation- a snake is
something that is evil and
might betray you

3. Flag
• Denotation- is a peace of
cloth, silk or similar material
that is used to represent a
country or cause
• Connotation- a place or
cause some has made an
allegiance to

4. Gun
• Denotation- a weapon that
fires a small peace of metal
that can harm someone or
something
• Connotation- danger, harm,
power

5. Color/lighting
On this poster we have very
few colors and all of them all
very bland and dark. For
example in this poster we can
see the color red but it is
dimmed because of the water
and smoke giving this location
a very dark tone while also
obstructing the destruction
and death around this actor. I
think the creator has done
this to make it clear that
fighting is taking place and
that the fighting is destroying
everything round the actor in
the center. The fact that you
cant see far in the background
on the poster shows that
there is a large amount of
smoke. This means that there
is a large amount of
destruction and death
happening around this one
man. This might encourage
people to watch the film
because they want to see
what happens to him in the
end.
Costume/actor
Immediately from looking at what
the character is wearing we can
tell that this film is based in the
world war because he’s wearing
world war 2 army clothing. Also
the fact that the characters helm is
in his hand shows us that he isn’t
trying to protect himself or run
away from danger but instead is
just standing in shock. I think the
creator has does this to get the
point across that this film is
gripping and will show graphic
content.
Location
we can tell from the name of the
film, water and destroyed boats in
the background that this film is
based on the beach of Dunkirk in
France during world war 2. I think
the creator has done this to try
and make the audience watch the
film even more because all the
clues of the location make it clear
about what real event this is based
off and how people could have a
chance to experience and see
what the battle of Dunkirk was
like.

6. Color/lighting
I think the creator of this poster
has used only black, white and
gray colors so that nothing is
given away about the game and
that because it is a RPG
anything could happen but it’s a
mystery until you play the game
for yourself. For example
because of the colors used the
game is kind of a mystery and
you are un able to see the
characters face. This could be
because of the fact that this is
an RPG game and you are
suppose to create your own
story along with your own
character.
Continues onto next slide
Costume
We can see from the clothes
that this character is wearing
that this game Is based around
a fantasy and medieval sort of
twist.
Props
In this poster we can see that
the character has a sword and
dagger showing us that this
game will involve fighting and
violence. The dragons tail also
immediately makes it clear that
this game is fantasy and is made
up. This can help to attract
people to buy the game
because of the fact that they
don’t know a lot about the
game allowing them to
adventure in the game and
slowly learn what the games
plot Is about allowing them to
feel more connected to the
game and as if they are in it.

7. Location
The elder scrolls series has had a range of different games with different story’s but on the same world map just in
different locations. For example one of the elder scrolls games was based in a country called Cyrodiil while this one was
based in a country called Skyrim. If the people looking at the poster are a big fan of elder scrolls then they might notice
where the poster is set. This is because in this poster we can see that the character is on top of a mountain and in the elder
scrolls Skyrim is the home of a mountain called “the moth of the world” which has a lot of lore based around it. This means
that the creators might have put this hidden detail in to hint at what the story/plot is going to be and to interest tempt the
people who are already fans of the elder scrolls into buying it. I think the meaning of this is so that the developers have a
complete now slate to create a game that attracts new customers but also keep the loyal ones.

8. Colour
The colours used on this poster makes it clear
that it’s a horror because they have stuck to
colours that are intimidating and chilling. For
example if the eyes were the colour blue it
would give you the idea of something nice and
the feeling of happiness but because the eyes
are red it makes the casual stare even more
menacing. I think the point in this was to grab
to audiences attention as soon as they saw this
poster and to peek their interest.
Another thing is that because the background
and the face are only made up of the colour
grey and black it makes your eyes lock on to
the butterfly that is where the mouth should
be. Not only does this make the audience
interested but it makes them start asking
questions that they want to know the answer
to such as “why is there a butterfly”, “why can
we not see the mouth” and “what could this
film be about”. We know that all these features
all link with the film and are not to just get the
audiences attention but so that once they have
watched the film they can link everything
together.
Costume
On this poster we know that this is a person but there are certain features that make us
think otherwise and start to question what it is. For example on this poster the structure of
the face is different on each side and on the left it looks like the face is Attached to the
background Like as if it were a mask.
Once Watching the Film you can
understand why the makers did this
but if you haven’t it makes you more
interested and makes you want to
watch the film more.
Framing/actor
The framing in this poster makes it so
that it is hard to tell if the character on
the front is a male or a female. I think
the creator has done that so when you
watch the film the killer could be
anyone and it isn’t narrowed down to
just males or just females. It could be
anyone. This makes the film a lot more
interesting because it causes the
audience to look for clues to see if they
can figure out who is causing the
killings.
Props
In this poster I think that the butterfly is a
very important prop because it is the only
item on the poster that might catch the
audiences eye. This is because on the
poster is mostly made up of the colours
black, grey and red however the butterfly is
made up of the colours yellow, orange and
black. I think the meaning of this is to help
grab the audiences attention and so later
on in the film they know why there's
butterfly's appearing often
Location
On this poster you cant see the location of
where this character is. I think the meaning of
this is so that the audience starts to wonder
where this film is going to take place and so
there imagination starts going and they think
of all the possibility's of where this film could
take place. This not only makes them more
interested in the film but more likely to see it
to see how it will turn out.

9. Soundtrack
• Clip 1- The first clip makes this image
seem intense and gives us the idea that it
has a horror and thriller aspect to it. This
could suggest that these to characters
have a distaste for one a another or are in
danger.
• Clip 2- The second clip makes this
image seem jolly and gives us the idea
that this has a romantic and happy aspect
to it. This could suggest that these
characters are in a relationship together.

10. Shining
• The music in the trailer is up beat and jolly giving us the idea
that this film is going to be positive instead of a horror.
• They have changed some parts of the trailer so that it has a
more positive spin to it and so that it sounds different and more
comedic for example at 21 seconds in one of the characters has
the voice from a child's cartoon.
• In the trailer the certain parts of the film have been edited so
that they are in time with the music so that we can know what
peace's of the film have certain events. For example near the
end of the trailer when the child meets the main character the
music picks up and gets a lot faster. This suggests that this part
is a key event.

11. Scary Mary
• Because the editor has made it so certain parts of the film
fade in and out into blackness. It makes the characters and
the film seem more menacing and more of a thriller/horror.
• Because they have replaced the more childish and family
friendly sound effects with more intimidating and thriller
music it makes the main character seem less friendly and
more dangerous.
• In the trailer they only really use dark colours. This causes the
characters clothes to look dark too and the whole
scene/location to look darker too. This makes the tone of the
trailer seem more creepy and mysterious.

12. Stereotypes
Men
• Strong
• Are lazy and messy
• All men like sports
• Men should be in charge
• Men do not cook, craft or
sow etc.
Women
• All like the colour pink
• Women are supposed to do
house work
• Women don’t like to play
video games
• Women are supposed to
always be attractive

13. Stereotypes
Upper Class
• the upper class is
sophisticated
• Educated
• Wealthy
• Dress in all the latest fashion
Working Class
• Seen as poor
• Poorly educated
• Irresponsible

14. Stereotypes
Old People
• Sickness and disability come
with old age
• Old people are weak
• The majority of older people
view themselves as being in
poor health
Young People
• break the law often
• Lazy
• don't contribute to society

15. Iconography- Western

16. Iconography- Sci-Fi

17. Iconography- Fantasy

18. Narrative
• Narrative Definition- is a written account of the story of the
book/game/play and the events that occur in it.
• Linear Narrative Definition- is a story from start, middle and
end/chronological order.
• Linear Narrative Film Example- Dunkirk because it was a historical event
that happened
• Non-Linear Narrative Definition-where events are put into chronological
order. This is used to re make events that have already happened such as
something in history were things happened in a certain order.
• Non-Linear Narrative Film Example- Deadpool because of the fact that in
this film we see constant flash backs that slowly peace the story together.

19. Clip AnalysisCostume
• The look of the costume make it clear to the audience who is the enemy and who is friendly. For example the rebels have more friendly clothes that have bright
colours such as the colours green, orange and brown where as the empire/enemy such as the storm troopers had only white and darth vader had only black. This
might be to represent that vader is in charge of the storm troopers and has great power and is to contribute to making people fear him.
Lighting
• When vader first enters everything around him is a very dim sort of grey colour, along with whitish smoke slowly circling around him. This makes his black armour
stand out much more and helps to make the shape and every detail of him stand out. I think this has been done to make vader seem incredibly more menacing then he
already is and from the dialogue from this scene we know that this was their first encounter with vader. Because of this the maker probably wanted to make Vader's
entrance more interesting and to give the audience a good luck at what the new enemy looks like by making his surroundings dim and grey but making him pitch black
so that he stands out. Also when the rebels are fighting vader their surroundings are still quite light and positive but when they try to kill vader and fail the whole
background goes from light positive colours to seeing black smoke with dark red flams burning behind vader to make the point that vader will be extremely hard to
defeat and that they have barley survived.
Camerawork
• In this scene they used the camera to make this scene much more interesting, intense, dramatic and fast passed. For example at the start where vader first enters the
camera starts slowly moves back until we see the red lightsaber which makes the camera stop. This makes the moment much more tense because it went from fast
passed moving camera to a completely still one staring at a character that has not yet been introduced and makes the audience start to think what could happen.
Music
• At first the music is more simple to the theme of star wars. I think that the creator has done this so that the audience can focus more on the dialog. However when
vader enters the scene the music takes a twist from going from happy and simple to menacing and intimidating but still has the theme of star wars mixed into it. I think
that the creator has done this to change the tone of events for example at the start of the scene the rebels were escaping and they thought they had won so the music
was more up beet and happy but later on when darth vader is seen the music suddenly changes to make it clear that something bad will happen and to put more
emphasis on how dangerous and powerful vader really is.
Colour
• The colours that the characters have on them help to define who is an enemy and who isn’t. for example how the storm troopers guns are all completely black and
their costumes white and vaders lightsaber is dark red and his costume is completely black. These colours all represent the characters in different ways. The white
storm trooper armour can represent that they are ghosts of people and in a way this is true because storm troopers do what they are commanded to and nothing
more. The fact that all of vaders armour is black immediately makes the audience think of evil, hatred and darkness. However the rebels have green and brown
coloured armour and the two main characters have blue lightsabres. The green and brown armour could represent life and peace where as the blue lightsabres
represent light which gives us the audience the idea that they want to help people.
Dialogue
• When were at the beginning of the scene the rebels think that they have easily won so there dialogue has a more happy and boastful tone to it. This helps to bring the
audience into a idea where they think that the characters are now safe and the battles over but when vader enters their dialogue suddenly has more of a concerned
and worried type of tone to it, this makes the audience start to think “why are they worried” and “what's about to happen? Who is this character?” then when the
rebels just manage to escape then there dialogue has mostly panic and relief because they nearly died but just managed to escape. However during the fight scene the
creator has added a bit of comedic dialog. I think they have done this to entertain their target audience.
Props
• At the start we see a few props when the rebels are loading the ship and at the end we don’t really see any but during the fight scene the characters use a range of
props to help each other to survive such as the box of grenades. I think the creator has done this so that the battle interests the audience even more because now they
know that the characters might use anything around them creating many different possibilities that might happen.
Editing
• Editing is extremely important for something like his clip because it is an animation. This means that all sound effects and dialogue have to be in sync so that it is
appealing to the audience. For example when the two lightsabres collide you can hear it. I think this is used to put the audience more on edge when the two characters
start fighting and to add more effect and detail to the fight scene itself.