The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel: https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c= Part of the Addiction Counselor Certification Training Series. Theories of addiction including moral, medical

1. Session 1: Theories of Addiction

2.  Identify criteria and methods for evaluating models
and theories
 Discuss appropriate applications of models.
 How to access addiction related literature from
multiple disciplines
 Review the 5 models of addiction development
 Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each

3.  Compare these to accepted models of mental
illness and physical disease
 Explore the biopsychosocial model to develop an
understanding of the comprehensive, interactive
nature of addiction and mental health on
environment, relationships and physical health
 Create initial treatment goals for a residential
treatment program

4.  Less than 30% of people who try to stop an
addiction succeed for more than 30 days
 Patients often interpret a systemic failure as a
personal failure
 The profession is starting to embrace the recovery-
oriented system of care (ROSC)/Comprehensive
Integrated System of Care (CISC)

5.  Normative Population
 Reliability
 Validity
◦ Data
◦ Conclusions

6.  How might the following impact data interpretation
◦ Age
◦ Race/Ethnicity
◦ Cognitive development
◦ Education
◦ Socioeconomic status
◦ Sexual orientation
◦ Occupation
◦ Social environment (college, homemaker, cop, inmate)

7.  What is your normative population?

8.  National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and
Practices
◦ http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/AdvancedSearch.aspx
 SAMHSA Evidence Based Practice Publications
◦ http://store.samhsa.gov

9.  Biological/Disease Model
 Psychodynamic Model
 Moral/Spiritual Model
 Environmental Model
 Biopsychosocial Model

10.  Biological/Disease Model
 Psychodynamic Model
 Moral/Spiritual Model
 Environmental Model
 Biopsychosocial Model

11.  Biological/Disease Model
 Psychodynamic Model
 Moral/Spiritual Model
 Environmental Model
 Biopsychosocial Model

12.  Indicates a biological predisposition
◦ Neurotransmitter imbalance
◦ Brain dysfunction
 Has been linked to the development of
◦ Addiction
◦ Mood Disorders
◦ Physical Health Disorders

13.  Adoption studies have shown that children from
addicted parents are more likely to develop
addictions, even if adopted.
 Twin studies have shown that in identical twins, if
one develops an addiction, there is a greater
concordance toward addiction than fraternal
http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa18.htm

14.  Addicts are self-medicating
 Addictions are a symptom of an underlying
psychological problem
 Addiction is a maladaptive coping strategy
 When the underlying psychological issues are
addressed, the addiction will remit

15.  Abusing substances is a choice borne out of weak,
sinful character

16. ◦ Emotionally
 Stress
 Lack of education about
coping skills
◦ Physically
 Nutrition
 Safety
 Health
◦ Socially
 Peer pressure
 Observational learning
◦ Spiritually
 Absence of hope
 Absence of love/compassion
◦ Environmentally
 Advertising
 Laws
The environment predisposes people:

17.  All of the above have some element of truth
 Effective treatment involves addressing the whole
person and environment
 Maslow’s Heirarchy

18.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6W1hWdmKZo

19.  Addiction 101– What do Participants Need to Know
(Hint: Think Maslow’s Heirarchy)
◦ Biological
◦ Psychodynamic
◦ Moral
◦ Environmental
SA
Self-
Esteem
Love and
Belonging
Safety
Biological Needs

20.  There are many models of addiction and co-
occurring disorders
 Recent research is pointing us toward a bio-
psycho-social model that integrates concurrent
treatment of the whole person
 Research must be evaluated based upon reliability,
validity and normative sample