As building construction projects become more complex with shorter time to market, 3D design becomes a key driver for success. By adopting the leading 3D, BIM, ITEM, Mobile and Cloud computing technology, an integrated collaboration platform allows owners, architects, engineers, constructors and sales & marketing working together at any place and any time to get the instant correct information with controlled business process. This can greatly improve design innovation, productivity, safety and cost effectiveness under the GREEN design-build-sell-maintain lifecycle. This seminar will be more focus on how to use BIM information to create the 3D construction method statement and 3D on line safety training manual and courses. Some examples of applications of 3D designs in mitigating safety hazards in the construction and manufacturing industries will be highlighted in this seminar.

1. The Use of 3D Simulation
Modeling Techniques to Improve
Health and Safety Performance
Stephen AU
stephenau@mtech.com.hk
MTECH Engineering Co.,Ltd
12.12.2012

2. Agenda
3
2
1
3D Simulation for Physical Safety Barrier
The Challenges of OSH
3D Simulation for Behavioral Safety Barrier

3. Occupation Safety and Health
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

4. Continuing Improvement for
Occupation Safety and Health
IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Krause’s illustration of three different preventative strategies and their
effect on the accident level (Krause 1995)

5. Economic Effect of Safety & Health
to a Company
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6. Accident Prevention
• Accident prevention is not about achieving
ZERO risk, but rather about achieving
ZERO accidents.
• This is achieved by ensuring that safety
barriers are designed appropriately, that
they are installed and functional, that they
are cleaned and maintained, that
instruction in their use is provided and
finally that people are motivated to act in a
safe manner.
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

7. Safety Barriers
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8. Safety Barriers
Physical Safety Barrier
– They are constructed and
designed appropriately
– Installed according to
purpose,
– Used as prescribed,
– Checked continually and
– Maintained in good
condition
Behavioral Safety Barrier
– Procedures, plans, rules and
goals
– Availability of good personnel
and planning
– Competences and adaptation
of personnel and tasks
– Commitment, involvement and
endeavouring to resolve
conflicting situations
– Coordination and
communication
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9. Safety Barriers
• Passive safety barriers are those that are incorporated
into the technology, process, procedures, etc. and which
prevent undesirable events from occurring. These
include technical safety precautions, automatic process
procedures, targeted safety routine, etc.
• Active safety barriers are those that need to be learned
by the individual so that he or she through his or her
behaviour prevents undesirable events from occurring.
These include safety instructions, safety procedures,
safety standard and routines.
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10. What We Need to Do?
• How do we ensure that such simultaneities of
factors that can result in accidents do not arise?
• How do we create awareness that
“simultaneities” can occur so that people have
an opportunity to take the appropriate action?
• How do we ensure that people what they should
do when they are in situations where a
simultaneity of factors arises that can lead to an
accident?
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11. Safety Barriers And Risk Observations
• The employer shall ensure that the correct equipment is
in place and in order, that employees know, how they
shall use it, and are motivated for using it correctly, and
that the employee knows what he must do, when and if
the equipment fails or does not suit the task.
• The employer shall organise the work so that there is
clarity over what he expects of the employee
behaviourally, that the employee knows this and is
motivated to fulfil these expectations.
• The employees shall pay regard to the competencies the
individual has when organising the work, and he shall
take part in improving these competencies, when this is
needed out of regard to the job‟s performance.
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12. INTELLECTUAL PROPTERTY
VIRTUAL
Tangible Assets
REAL OPERATIONS
Non tangible Assets
PHYSICAL
Process and product
knowledge
Construction
“Define, Plan, Validate, Monitor & Control the
Physical world in a Virtual Digital Environment”
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

13. Traditional Way vs. Virtual Way
13
BEFORE
• 2D drawing, text, photo and video
• Only Safety Manager has OSH knowledge
• OSH are difficult to be predicted into design
and operation
• OSH data & engineering data are segmented
• Push based training
Virtual
• 3D intelligent model
• 3D Model maintained “ Life-Like experience”
• Collaboration is active during design &
construction
• Validate OSH procedure virtually and
interactively
• Interactive training and learning
• 3D intelligent model captures operation
performance data

14. Agenda
3
2
1
3D Simulation for Physical Safety Barrier
The Challenges of OSH
3D Simulation for Behavioral Safety Barrier

15. Working Environment Investigation
• The surface that is being travelled on or being worked on,
i.e. be careful, risk of falling
• The surroundings that are being travelled or worked in,
i.e. see if there is a risk in your surroundings of
something colliding with you from outside, or of you
colliding with something, etc.
• What is being worked on or with, i.e. look at what you are
working on and the risk of you becoming caught
up/jammed in something, stabbing yourself, cutting
yourself, straining yourself, etc.
• Surroundings of a particularly dangerous nature. i.e.
conditions that require particular vigilance.
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16. The Link Between Working Environment,
Process & Human
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17. Prepare product by
transferring BIM
• Create/import resources
• Plan site layout
Import schedule
• Create simulation in 3D
• Concrete process simulation
• Crane simulation
• Generate reports
• Update Project schedule
1
Create Work Breakdown
Structure
2
4
5
9
6
• Assign 3D data to process
• Validate process in 3D
7
• Human simulation
• Ergonomic analysis
3
Add annotations and
Work instructions
8
Typical Virtual Construction Workflow
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18. IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Working Space Analysis for
Worker Safety & Health
Conditions

19. IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Embedded Safety Procedures
in the Method Statement

20. Ergonomics Study
Evaluate ergonomics for human
activities to ensure worker safety
and comfort
• Ergonomic design and improvement of
manual or semi-automated workplaces
• Maximize operator comfort and safety
Solution Features & Benefits
Simulate workers to predict human
performance
Simulate and choreograph multiple workers
working in tandem
Evaluate manning level alternatives
Optimize Tasks performance
Detailed ergonomic analysis including RULA
Library of worker functions and actions for
Construction industry
Optimize work center design
Analyze human interaction with devices,
robots and processes
Analyze human interaction using vision
Use simulations as a learning environment
for workers

21. Work Crew Simulation, Planning,
Resource Optimization, Safety & Training
Human Simulation
IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Optimize the Construction sequence by simulating key human tasks
Improve work center design and maximize worker safety and comfort
Use simulations as a learning environment for crew training and safety

22. Construction activities are simulated to
check if there is physical conflicts.
Remedy work like redesign or
reschedule can then be done to prevent
conflicts.
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23. IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Design for Safety Operations and
Maintenance

24. Value of 3D Simulation
• What shall be observed, which concerns
observation of safety barriers
• How shall the observed safety barriers be
quality assessed
• What types of action shall be taken based
upon observations and the evaluation
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25. Agenda
3
2
1
3D Simulation for Physical Safety Barrier
The Challenges of OSH
3D Simulation for Behavioral Safety Barrier

26. Safety Training
• Expectation, understanding and motivation
are based on what the individual perceives
as being important. It is therefore
appropriate to influence the individual's
expectations and acknowledgement of
risks and safety barriers through
instruction, training and communication of
goals and consequences.
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

27. Type of Persons to Handle Hazard
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Conscious
Incompetence
Conscious
Competence
Unconscious
Incompetence
Unconscious
Competence

28. Knowledge – Ability - Action
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Bellamy’s illustration of knowledge-ability-action in relation to safety
barriers and ”message maps”, etc. (Bellamy et al 2009)

29. Unsafe Acts
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Reason’s structure and understanding
of errors and incorrect actions,
(Reason 1990)
Human behaviour as
being the factor that
triggers the accident

30. Industry Difficulties
Difficulties & Pressures
• Method statement and working schedule normally in
writing and difficult to validate
• Users demand better quality presentation
• Complicated equipment installation and commissioning
manual
• Safety issues demands for training repeatedly
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

31. Occupation Health & Safety Excellence
Combined product-documentation bundle
with new levels of interactiveness for
knowledge transfer.
Equipment
user manual
Working
procedure
Hazard
handling
Health
working
behavior
Working
with FUN

32. Solution
Bridges the gap by pulling 3D CAD and other
data, into powerful authoring tools thus
enabling Product Catalogue, Operation
Procedures & Training materials with
interactive 3D visualizations and simulations
more rapidly and efficiently than ever before.

33. 3D Operation Manual
Engineering/
Manufacturing
Authoring
End-User/
Consumer
Reuse
Project
Existing Text
Text / 2D
Authoring
Create 3D Step
Animations
2D Paper / E-Paper
Publish
Review / Update
Design CAD
Data
Edit Document
3D Interactive

34. Create Interactive 3D Method
Statement
• Easy-to-use language-based 3D
animation
• Uses simplified technical English
commands
• Quickly generate working instructions
• Built-in BOP text editor
• Automatic text generation from
animations
• Synchronise animations with text
• Map parts data from CAD/BOM
metadata
• Link 3D parts to text
• List parts for each assembly step
• Configurable style sheet-based
publishing
• HTML web app
• iPad app
• 2D/3D PDF
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

35. Create Interactive T & C Training
• Reuse existing procedures &
animations
• T&C Manuals & O&M Instructions
• Training scenarios wizard
• Identify Parts
• Multiple choice questions
• Procedure branching
• Demo, Study and Exam modes
• Demo for procedure review
• Study for assisted progress
• Exam for scored with no
assistance
• Configurable style sheet-based
publishing
• HTML web app
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

36. Integrated Technical Documentation
Solution
RapidAuthor
RapidAuthor
RapidAuthor
RapidAuthor
Graphics
Write
Text
Animate
Explode
Illustrate
Reuse
Repurpose
Rapid
Project
Source Data
BOM
JT
2D/3D CAD
...
Other Assets
Content
Delivery/
Manageme
nt
<xml />
XML
CGM
Image
Build
Procedures
Presentation
Report
Service
Manuals
Training
Material
Output
Documents
Interactive
Document
Method
Statement
Training O & M Manual
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

37. Business Value
IOSH SEMINAR 2012
Time / Effort
Cost
Authoring
Authoring
3D/2D Interactive
Current Document
Deliverables
2D / Static Print or PDF
Manually Illustrations
Digital Photography
Separate Text /Graphics
The Opportunity
CAD driven
Reuse/Repurpose data
Integrate Text /Graphics
Automate updates

38. Five stages in organisations’ safety
cultures
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39. Value Propositions
• Communication
• Motivation
• Availability
• Ergnormic
• Conflicts resolution
• Competence
• Cost effectiveness
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40. The Life-Like Experience
IOSH SEMINAR 2012

41. stephenau@mtech.com.hk
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