Using bloom's taxonomy to construct cohesive lesson objectives and assessmentsMichelle Walker-Wade
Using bloom's taxonomy to construct cohesive lesson objectives and assessments is intended to be used as a teacher professional development tool. In addition to this PowerPoint, "students" should have prior knowledge of Bloom's Taxonomy of verbs and how this comprehensive list of verbs is constructed.
Reflective tasks and their role in changing practice13092016Rita Ndagire Kizito
An introspective study examining the critical relationship between reflective tasks and their role in changing academic staff perspectives and practices through an analysis of participant responses to a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) certificate programme at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (South Africa).
Gibson, A., Aitken, A., Sándor, Á., Buckingham Shum, S., Tsingos-Lucas, C. and Knight, S. (2017). Reflective Writing Analytics for Actionable Feedback. Proceedings of LAK17: 7th International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge, March 13-17, 2017, Vancouver, BC, Canada. (ACM Press). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027436 (Awarded Best Paper 2017)
SafariScreenSnapz682Reflective writing can provide a powerful way for students to integrate professional experience and academic learning. However, writing reflectively requires high quality action- able feedback, which is time-consuming to provide at scale. This paper reports progress on the design, implementation, and validation of a Reflective Writing Analytics platform to provide actionable feedback within a tertiary authentic assessment context. The contributions are: (1) a new con- ceptual framework for reflective writing; (2) a computational approach to modelling reflective writing, deriving analytics, and providing feedback; (3) the pedagogical and user ex- perience rationale for platform design decisions; and (4) a pilot in a student learning context, with preliminary data on educator and student acceptance, and the extent to which we can evidence that the software provided actionable feedback for reflective writing.
This is a short version of the CRITHINKEDU educational protocol to support the development of critical thinking in higher education institutions. For more information, please read the full document at http://bit.ly/2XpF87r
Grading criteria and marking schemes, Liz Norman, SAVS-CSU Learning and Teach...Liz Norman
Grading criteria and marking schemes
Presentation for School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences - Charles Sturt University, Learning and Teaching Extravaganza 2014, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, Australia, 6th February 2014
Liz Norman, Massey University, New Zealand
Using bloom's taxonomy to construct cohesive lesson objectives and assessmentsMichelle Walker-Wade
Using bloom's taxonomy to construct cohesive lesson objectives and assessments is intended to be used as a teacher professional development tool. In addition to this PowerPoint, "students" should have prior knowledge of Bloom's Taxonomy of verbs and how this comprehensive list of verbs is constructed.
Reflective tasks and their role in changing practice13092016Rita Ndagire Kizito
An introspective study examining the critical relationship between reflective tasks and their role in changing academic staff perspectives and practices through an analysis of participant responses to a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) certificate programme at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (South Africa).
Gibson, A., Aitken, A., Sándor, Á., Buckingham Shum, S., Tsingos-Lucas, C. and Knight, S. (2017). Reflective Writing Analytics for Actionable Feedback. Proceedings of LAK17: 7th International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge, March 13-17, 2017, Vancouver, BC, Canada. (ACM Press). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027436 (Awarded Best Paper 2017)
SafariScreenSnapz682Reflective writing can provide a powerful way for students to integrate professional experience and academic learning. However, writing reflectively requires high quality action- able feedback, which is time-consuming to provide at scale. This paper reports progress on the design, implementation, and validation of a Reflective Writing Analytics platform to provide actionable feedback within a tertiary authentic assessment context. The contributions are: (1) a new con- ceptual framework for reflective writing; (2) a computational approach to modelling reflective writing, deriving analytics, and providing feedback; (3) the pedagogical and user ex- perience rationale for platform design decisions; and (4) a pilot in a student learning context, with preliminary data on educator and student acceptance, and the extent to which we can evidence that the software provided actionable feedback for reflective writing.
This is a short version of the CRITHINKEDU educational protocol to support the development of critical thinking in higher education institutions. For more information, please read the full document at http://bit.ly/2XpF87r
Grading criteria and marking schemes, Liz Norman, SAVS-CSU Learning and Teach...Liz Norman
Grading criteria and marking schemes
Presentation for School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences - Charles Sturt University, Learning and Teaching Extravaganza 2014, National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Wagga Wagga, Australia, 6th February 2014
Liz Norman, Massey University, New Zealand
Ashford 2: - Week 1 - Discussion
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Purpose of General Education
Prepare: As you prepare to write your answer to the discussion question, think about the general education courses that you have taken as a university student. To help you address the prompts, carefully read the Week One required resources that address the purpose of general education courses.
Reflect: After reviewing the required resources, and in light of what you discovered in preparing to write your answer to the discussion question, consider, analyze, and explain why general education courses should be a significant part of every student’s education.
Write: For this discussion, address the following prompts:
· Provide at least three reasons why every student should be required to take general education courses. Explain your rationale. Support your rationale with evidence from at least one scholarly source.
· Describe what you have learned from at least three specific courses (e.g., philosophy, history, English, math, psychology, etc.) that has proved its usefulness in your daily life. For instance, what did you learn in history classes beyond just names, dates, and places? In literature courses, what did you learn about life, the university, and everything beyond the literary work itself?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length, which should include a thorough response to each prompt. You are required to provide in-text citations of applicable required reading materials and/or any other outside sources you use to support your claims. Provide full reference information of all sources cited at the end of your response. Please use correct APA format when writing in-text citations and references.
Respond to Peers: Review your classmates’ posts, and respond to at least two of your peers by Day 7. Compare and contrast your reasons why general education courses are important with that of your peers’ reasons and rationale. Each participation post should be a minimum of 75 words.
Carefully review the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate this Discussion Thread.
Discussion Forum Grading Rubric
STEP 1
Select the percentage value of the discussion
STEP 2
Select a peformance value for each criterion
SCORING
DISTINGUISHED
PROFICIENT
BASIC
BELOW EXPECTATIONS
NON-PERFORMANCE
Critical Thinking Skills/Original Thoughts
25%
Student applies relevant, professional, personal, or other real-world experiences in a manner that is rich in thought and provides valuable insight into the topic.
Student ap.
APUS Assignment Rubric Lower Level
Graduate 500-600 Courses
Updated: June 2012
Full Rubric for Classroom Publication
School of Security and Global Studies Rubric Features
· Rubric categories are evenly distributed – 20 points per category.
· Assignment settings equal 100 points for each assignment.
· Grade book is set for weighted categories (not points).
· Separate rubrics in 100-200, 300-400, 500-600 level courses for assignments.
· Standard forum discussion rubric for all levels.
Quick Table for Insertion in Assignments (within Word document)
Criteria
Exemplary 16-20
Accomplished 11-15
Developing 6-10
Beginning 0-5
Total
Synthesis of Knowledge
Foundation of Knowledge
Application of Knowledge
Organization of Ideas/Format
Writing and Research Skill
Total
Synthesis of Knowledge (Focus/Thesis)
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 4]
Beginning
Exhibits a limited understanding of the assignment. Reader is unable to follow the logic used for the thesis and development of key themes. Introduction of thesis is not evident, and reader must look deeper to discover the focus of the writer. Student’s writing is weak in the inclusion of supporting facts or statements.
Developing
Student exhibits a basic understanding of the intended assignment, but the thesis is not fully supported throughout the assignment. While thesis helps to guide the development of the assignment, the reader may have some difficulty in seeing linkages between thoughts. While student has included a few supporting facts and statements, this has limited the quality of the assignment.
Accomplished
Establishes a good comprehension of topic and in the building of the thesis. Student demonstrates an effective presentation of thesis, with most support statements helping to support the key focus of assignment.
Exemplary
Student exhibits a defined and clear understanding of the assignment. Thesis is clearly defined and well-constructed to help guide the reader throughout the assignment. Student builds upon the thesis of the assignment with well-documented and exceptional supporting facts, figures, and/or statements.
____________________________________________________________________________
Foundation of Knowledge
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 3]
Beginning
Student tries to explain some concepts, but overlooks critical details. Assignment appears vague or incomplete in various segments. Student presents concepts in isolation, and does not perceive to have a logical sequencing of ideas.
Developing
The assignment reveals that the student has a general, fundamental understanding of the course material. Whereas, there are areas of some concerning in the linkages provided between facts and supporting statements. Student generally explains concepts, but only meets the minimum requirements in this area.
Accomplished
Student exhibits above average usage of subject matter in assignment. Student.
APUS Assignment Rubric School of Security and Global Stud.docxjewisonantone
APUS Assignment Rubric
School of Security and Global Studies Rubric Features
• Rubric categories are evenly distributed – 20 points per category.
• Assignment settings equal 100 points for each assignment.
• Grade book is set for weighted categories (not points).
• Separate rubrics in 100-200, 300-400, 500-600 level courses for assignments.
• Standard forum discussion rubric for all levels.
Quick Table for Insertion in Assignments (within Word document)
Criteria Exemplary
16-20
Synthesis of
Knowledge
Foundation
of
Knowledge
Application
of
Knowledge
Organization
of
Ideas/Format
Writing and
Research
Skill
Total
Synthesis of Knowledge (Focus/Thesis)
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 4]
Beginning
Exhibits a limited understanding of the assignment. Reader is unable to follow the logic used for
the thesis and development of key themes. Introduction of thesis is not evident, and reader must
look deeper to discover the focus of the writer. Student’s writing is weak in the inclusion of
supporting facts or statements.
Developing
Student exhibits a basic understanding of the intended assignment, but the thesis is not fully
supported throughout the assignment. While thesis helps to guide the development of the
assignment, the reader may have some difficulty in seeing linkages between thoughts. While
student has included a few supporting facts and statements, this has limited the quality of the
assignment.
Accomplished
Establishes a good comprehension of topic and in the building of the thesis. Student
demonstrates an effective presentation of thesis, with most support statements helping to
support the key focus of assignment.
Exemplary
Student exhibits a defined and clear understanding of the assignment. Thesis is clearly defined
and well-constructed to help guide the reader throughout the assignment. Student builds upon
the thesis of the assignment with well-documented and exceptional supporting facts, figures,
and/or statements.
____________________________________________________________________________
Foundation of Knowledge
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 3]
Beginning
Student tries to explain some concepts, but overlooks critical details. Assignment appears vague
or incomplete in various segments. Student presents concepts in isolation, and does not perceive
to have a logical sequencing of ideas.
Developing
The assignment reveals that the student has a general, fundamental understanding of the course
material. Whereas, there are areas of some concerning in the linkages provided between facts
and supporting statements. Student generally explains concepts, but only meets the minimum
requirements in this area.
Accomplished
Student exhibits above average usage of subject matter in assignment. Student provides above
average ability in relating course content in examples given. Details and facts.
APUS Assignment Rubric School of Security and Global Stud.docxfestockton
APUS Assignment Rubric
School of Security and Global Studies Rubric Features
• Rubric categories are evenly distributed – 20 points per category.
• Assignment settings equal 100 points for each assignment.
• Grade book is set for weighted categories (not points).
• Separate rubrics in 100-200, 300-400, 500-600 level courses for assignments.
• Standard forum discussion rubric for all levels.
Quick Table for Insertion in Assignments (within Word document)
Criteria Exemplary
16-20
Synthesis of
Knowledge
Foundation
of
Knowledge
Application
of
Knowledge
Organization
of
Ideas/Format
Writing and
Research
Skill
Total
Synthesis of Knowledge (Focus/Thesis)
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 4]
Beginning
Exhibits a limited understanding of the assignment. Reader is unable to follow the logic used for
the thesis and development of key themes. Introduction of thesis is not evident, and reader must
look deeper to discover the focus of the writer. Student’s writing is weak in the inclusion of
supporting facts or statements.
Developing
Student exhibits a basic understanding of the intended assignment, but the thesis is not fully
supported throughout the assignment. While thesis helps to guide the development of the
assignment, the reader may have some difficulty in seeing linkages between thoughts. While
student has included a few supporting facts and statements, this has limited the quality of the
assignment.
Accomplished
Establishes a good comprehension of topic and in the building of the thesis. Student
demonstrates an effective presentation of thesis, with most support statements helping to
support the key focus of assignment.
Exemplary
Student exhibits a defined and clear understanding of the assignment. Thesis is clearly defined
and well-constructed to help guide the reader throughout the assignment. Student builds upon
the thesis of the assignment with well-documented and exceptional supporting facts, figures,
and/or statements.
____________________________________________________________________________
Foundation of Knowledge
[Graduate Learning Outcomes Assessment Objective 3]
Beginning
Student tries to explain some concepts, but overlooks critical details. Assignment appears vague
or incomplete in various segments. Student presents concepts in isolation, and does not perceive
to have a logical sequencing of ideas.
Developing
The assignment reveals that the student has a general, fundamental understanding of the course
material. Whereas, there are areas of some concerning in the linkages provided between facts
and supporting statements. Student generally explains concepts, but only meets the minimum
requirements in this area.
Accomplished
Student exhibits above average usage of subject matter in assignment. Student provides above
average ability in relating course content in examples given. Details and facts ...
Tutoring through Assessment: Practices and innovationsCEMCA
2012/10/03: Tutoring through Assessment: Practices and innovations, Online Skype presentation by Sanjaya Mishra for the staff of Wawasan Open University, Penang, Malaysia
Most universities aim to graduate students who can apply the principles of reflective learning to their professional and personal practices. However, teachers may find it hard to assess reflective learning. This summary offers a quick mechanism to evaluate the efficacy of your assessments in embedding reflective elements. Are you challenging your students to apply a reflective approach to their learning? This short summary may revolutionise your assessment practice.
Close
Print Rubric
HLSS Assignment Rubric 500-600 Level
Activity: Thesis Proposal - Week 3
Course: HLSS699 A002 Summer 2022
Name: Gussie Bellinger
Criteria
Exemplary
20 points
Accomplished
17 points
Developing
15 points
Beginning
13 points
Synthesis of Knowledge
Foundation of Knowledge
Application of Knowledge
Student exhibits a defined
and clear understanding of
the assignment. Thesis is
clearly defined and well-
constructed to help guide
the reader throughout the
assignment. Student builds
upon the thesis of the
assignment with well-
documented and
exceptional supporting
facts, figures, and/or
statements.
Establishes a good
comprehension of topic and
in the building of the thesis.
Student demonstrates an
effective presentation of
thesis, with most support
statements helping to
support the key focus of
assignment.
Student exhibits a basic
understanding of the
intended assignment, but
the thesis is not fully
supported throughout the
assignment. While thesis
helps to guide the
development of the
assignment, the reader may
have some difficulty in
seeing linkages between
thoughts. While student has
included a few supporting
facts and statements, this
has limited the quality of
the assignment.
Exhibits a limited
understanding of the
assignment. Reader is
unable to follow the logic
used for the thesis and
development of key
themes. Introduction of
thesis is not evident, and
reader must look deeper to
discover the focus of the
writer. Student’s writing is
weak in the inclusion of
supporting facts or
statements.
Student demonstrates
proficient command of the
subject matter in the
assignment. Assignment
shows an impressive level of
depth of student’s ability to
relate course content to
practical examples and
applications. Student
provides comprehensive
analysis of details, facts, and
concepts in a logical
sequence.
Student exhibits above
average usage of subject
matter in assignment.
Student provides above
average ability in relating
course content in examples
given. Details and facts
presented provide an
adequate presentation of
student’s current level of
subject matter knowledge.
The assignment reveals that
the student has a general,
fundamental understanding
of the course material.
Whereas, there are areas of
some concerning in the
linkages provided between
facts and supporting
statements. Student
generally explains concepts,
but only meets the
minimum requirements in
this area.
Student tries to explain
some concepts, but
overlooks critical details.
Assignment appears vague
or incomplete in various
segments. Student presents
concepts in isolation, and
does not perceive to have a
logical sequencing of ideas.
Student demonstrates a
higher-level of critical
thinking necessary for
graduate level work. Learner
provides a strategic
approach in presenting
examples of problem solving
or critical thinking, while
drawing logical conclusions
...
Similar to The SOLO taxonomy: a framework that gives clues to student thinking (20)
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
10. Lack of knowledge or common knowledge only.
Answer addresses a single aspect or a few aspects.
Oversimplified, reductionist.
Pre-structural
Uni-structural
Multi-structural
Relational
Extended abstract
11. Multi structural
Signs to look for in answers (not all need to be present)
• Multiple aspects considered and may be comprehensive
• No particular order to aspects presented, or serial structure
“he said, she said”
• Inclusion of irrelevant/less important material
• Lacks integration such as causal explanation or compare and
contrasting
• Replication of material from sources – rote learned or
reproduced without significant transformation
12. Relational
Signs to look for in answers (not all need to be present)
• Aspects explained relative to one another
• Logically organised answer
• Analysis and or synthesis
• Compares similarities and differences
• Integrates multiple levels (eg: molecular, biochemical, systemic)
• Expresses reasons, explains implications, or reaches a conclusion
• Expresses relative importance, value, significance of aspects.
• Selective answer that addresses the point of the question and may
be shorter than a multistructural answer
• Uses the language of the discipline - terminology and phrasing
• Relates answer to examples or experience
• Relates answer to organising principles of the discipline
• Evaluates inconsistencies
13. Lack of knowledge or common knowledge only.
Answer addresses a single aspect or a few aspects.
Oversimplified, reductionist.
Answer addresses multiple aspects and may well be
comprehensive. Connections simple or lacking.
Answer addresses multiple aspects and also how they
integrate and inter-relate. Makes connections between
aspects. Knows their relative
importance/value/significance.
Goes beyond a relational answer within and beyond a
domain, including to areas not experienced or only
imagined. Has more originality, creativity, meta-
connections, and utilisation of overarching principles.
Pre-structural
Uni-structural
Multi-structural
Relational
Extended abstract
14. What you have to watch out for
• Design assessment tasks that request an
integrated and coherently structured response.
Not: “write short notes on”, “use a table to
compare”
• Relational responses can be reproduced, so design
tasks that require an original application of related
knowledge.
• Decide on the nature of connections expected at
the level of expertise being assessed. Knowledge
connections can range from very basic to expert.
15. References and further reading
Biggs, J. B., & Tang, C. S.-K. (2011). Teaching for
quality learning at university (4th ed.). Maidenhead
UK: McGraw-Hill
Biggs, J. B., & Collis, K. F. (1982). Evaluating the
quality of learning: The SOLO taxonomy (structure of
the observed learning outcome). New York:
Academic Press.
Biggs, J. (1992). A qualitative approach to grading
students. HERDSA News, 14(3), 3-6.