The document discusses the roles of managers and leaders. It provides definitions of management and leadership, comparing the functions of managers versus leaders. Management involves directing people and resources to achieve goals through systems and procedures, while leadership is about inspiring people to willingly work towards a shared vision. The document also examines different leadership styles, including autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, transactional, and transformational leadership. It notes that the best leaders are flexible and adapt their style to different situations.
Theories & Approaches to Leadership: An OverviewKimberly White
A brief overview of leadership, including pre-1970 leadership theories and a handful of contemporary approaches to leadership. Theorists include Bass & Burns, Greenleaf, Astin & Astin, Heifetz, Maxwell, Sinek, and Collins.
This presentation talks about the definition of a leader, difference between a manager and a leader, types of leadership, types of power of a leader, leadership theories-trait, behavioral-Ohio State University studies, University of Michigan Studies,Yukl Studies, Managerial Grid of Blake and Muoton, contingency-continuum of leadership behavior, contingency leadership model, path goal model, situational leadership, leadership member approach, normative decision model and Muczyk-Reimann Model
Wish to implement leadership strategies that influence, engage and encourage excellence performance in the organization? SlideTeam has come up with content ready leadership PowerPoint presentation slides to portray the management abilities of the workforce. These team management PPT templates include slides like leadership introduction, leadership vs. management, control styles and theories, participating captaincy process, strategic management, business theory, adaptive performance, group cohesion, communication patterns and many more. Apart from this, if you want customized designs for your presentation, our design team is at your service. Our predesigned leader-member exchange theory presentation can be used for the topics like leadership skills and training, qualities of leadership, leadership in management, leadership strategies & practices, productive guidance etc. Click and download our leadership PowerPoint presentation templates and make your team efficient. Folks are enthralled by the explosion of colors in our Leadership PowerPoint Presentation Slides. It's iridescence increases interest
Theories & Approaches to Leadership: An OverviewKimberly White
A brief overview of leadership, including pre-1970 leadership theories and a handful of contemporary approaches to leadership. Theorists include Bass & Burns, Greenleaf, Astin & Astin, Heifetz, Maxwell, Sinek, and Collins.
This presentation talks about the definition of a leader, difference between a manager and a leader, types of leadership, types of power of a leader, leadership theories-trait, behavioral-Ohio State University studies, University of Michigan Studies,Yukl Studies, Managerial Grid of Blake and Muoton, contingency-continuum of leadership behavior, contingency leadership model, path goal model, situational leadership, leadership member approach, normative decision model and Muczyk-Reimann Model
Wish to implement leadership strategies that influence, engage and encourage excellence performance in the organization? SlideTeam has come up with content ready leadership PowerPoint presentation slides to portray the management abilities of the workforce. These team management PPT templates include slides like leadership introduction, leadership vs. management, control styles and theories, participating captaincy process, strategic management, business theory, adaptive performance, group cohesion, communication patterns and many more. Apart from this, if you want customized designs for your presentation, our design team is at your service. Our predesigned leader-member exchange theory presentation can be used for the topics like leadership skills and training, qualities of leadership, leadership in management, leadership strategies & practices, productive guidance etc. Click and download our leadership PowerPoint presentation templates and make your team efficient. Folks are enthralled by the explosion of colors in our Leadership PowerPoint Presentation Slides. It's iridescence increases interest
+ 10 Leadership Tools >>> https://lnkd.in/dfhe4rg
Leadership presentation, illustrated and documented.
Sources, references and bibliography mentioned in the scope of the presentation.
Sorry for any error in vocabulary, grammar use, and explanation in the context. we all love to receive any suggestion to make next slide better. Thank you so much
Wish to implement leadership strategies that influence, engage and encourage excellence performance in the organization? SlideTeam has come up with content ready leadership PowerPoint presentation slides to portray the management abilities of the workforce. These team management PPT templates include slides like leadership introduction, leadership vs. management, control styles and theories, participating captaincy process, strategic management, business theory, adaptive performance, group cohesion, communication patterns and many more. Apart from this, if you want customized designs for your presentation, our design team is at your service. Our predesigned leader-member exchange theory presentation can be used for the topics like leadership skills and training, qualities of leadership, leadership in management, leadership strategies & practices, productive guidance etc. Click and download our leadership PowerPoint presentation templates and make your team efficient. Folks are enthralled by the explosion of colors in our Leadership Powerpoint Presentation Slides. It's iridescence increases interest. https://bit.ly/3x4FNNn
Behavioral Theories Of Leadership PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Need to present types of behavior and personality traits associated with effective leadership? To help you out in presenting management theories, we have come up with content-ready behavioral theories of leadership PowerPoint presentation. This leadership behavioral approaches PPT design contains slides such as definition, who is a leader, quotes, difference between leaders and managers, qualities of good leader, formal and informal, styles of leadership, entrepreneurial and transactional, four components, trait, contingency and behavioral and situational theory, traits and skills, managerial grid, Fielder's contingency model, LPC scale, path goal theory, Hersey and Blanchard's, member exchange theory, normative decision model, participative process and participative decision making. Additionally, with this studies of leadership PowerPoint template, you can present topics like situation and trait based leadership, organizational behavior, business management, transformational leadership, contingency approaches, behavior learning theory, governance model, behaviors of manager, functional leadership etc. Download our behavioral theories of leadership presentation slides to convey your message convincingly.Good habits evolve with our Behavioral Theories Of Leadership PowerPoint Presentation Slides. They are based on the best customs.
+ 10 Leadership Tools >>> https://lnkd.in/dfhe4rg
Leadership presentation, illustrated and documented.
Sources, references and bibliography mentioned in the scope of the presentation.
Sorry for any error in vocabulary, grammar use, and explanation in the context. we all love to receive any suggestion to make next slide better. Thank you so much
Wish to implement leadership strategies that influence, engage and encourage excellence performance in the organization? SlideTeam has come up with content ready leadership PowerPoint presentation slides to portray the management abilities of the workforce. These team management PPT templates include slides like leadership introduction, leadership vs. management, control styles and theories, participating captaincy process, strategic management, business theory, adaptive performance, group cohesion, communication patterns and many more. Apart from this, if you want customized designs for your presentation, our design team is at your service. Our predesigned leader-member exchange theory presentation can be used for the topics like leadership skills and training, qualities of leadership, leadership in management, leadership strategies & practices, productive guidance etc. Click and download our leadership PowerPoint presentation templates and make your team efficient. Folks are enthralled by the explosion of colors in our Leadership Powerpoint Presentation Slides. It's iridescence increases interest. https://bit.ly/3x4FNNn
Behavioral Theories Of Leadership PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Need to present types of behavior and personality traits associated with effective leadership? To help you out in presenting management theories, we have come up with content-ready behavioral theories of leadership PowerPoint presentation. This leadership behavioral approaches PPT design contains slides such as definition, who is a leader, quotes, difference between leaders and managers, qualities of good leader, formal and informal, styles of leadership, entrepreneurial and transactional, four components, trait, contingency and behavioral and situational theory, traits and skills, managerial grid, Fielder's contingency model, LPC scale, path goal theory, Hersey and Blanchard's, member exchange theory, normative decision model, participative process and participative decision making. Additionally, with this studies of leadership PowerPoint template, you can present topics like situation and trait based leadership, organizational behavior, business management, transformational leadership, contingency approaches, behavior learning theory, governance model, behaviors of manager, functional leadership etc. Download our behavioral theories of leadership presentation slides to convey your message convincingly.Good habits evolve with our Behavioral Theories Of Leadership PowerPoint Presentation Slides. They are based on the best customs.
About Face: Adapting Military Style Leadership to a Civilian OrganizationJohn Hamiter
As the US winds down from many years of war, new veterans are returning to the civilian workforce. With them they bring leadership skills honed by years of war. Their skills will be a tremendous asset to their civilian employers, but they must first adapt their leadership style to a style that is more palpable to civilians.
Developing Leaders Through a Structured Leadership Development ProgramWong Yew Yip
Many organizations realize the importance of effective leadership to enable an organization to achieve its vision, mission and strategic objectives and to make the organization successful. These organizations place high priority on the training and development of their leaders at various levels and embark on leadership development programs.
Unfortunately, many organizations go for the so-called "quick wins" by conducting a 2-5 days leadership development program, believing this will solve their leadership issues and booster business performance. These organizations have got to be realistic as it is just impossible to develop and turn people into instant effective leaders in 2-5 days.
To develop effective leaders, a Structured Leadership Development Program is needed with a proper process and blueprint for implementation, the duration of which could be at least 6 months.
Designing, developing and implementing an appraisal system for playworkers.David Stonehouse
This is a presentation delivered at the 11th National Playwork Conference in Eastbourne, UK. It discusses the importance of appraisals for delivering quality in play.
Introduction to Organisational BehaviourISAAC Jayant
Organisational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that Individuals, Groups and Structure have on behavior within organization for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organisations effectiveness. (Stephen. P. Robbins).
Delivering high performance through inclusive leadership.Gary Coulton
We live in times of Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity (VUCA). In this webinar, internationally recognised expert in inclusion, Dr. Ian Dodds, demonstrates how to deliver high performance in these VUCA times through Inclusive Leadership. He describes what Inclusive Leadership is and how to develop Inclusive Leaders to deliver high performance, great customer service, high levels of employee engagement and complex change. Ian is a founder partner of the Adaptive Intelligence Group (AdaptiveIG) contributing his expertise to create adaptive cultures and an environment of excellence.
Oragnization development OD (INTRODUCTION)shagun jain
Organization development is the study of successful organizational change and performance. OD emerged from human relations studies in the 1930s, during which psychologists realized that organizational structures and processes influence worker behavior and motivation.
Similar to The Role Of A Manager And A Leader (20)
This is a presentation delivered at the 11th National Playwork Conference in Eastbourne, UK in March 2013. It discusses the importance of ethical practice for playworkers linking to the playwork principles.
This was a presentation I delivered at the 3rd National Conference in London on 29th November 2012 on "Progression & Developments in the Role of Support Workers." The presentation discusses the important role that support workers should play in becoming leaders. Quality and chnage are highlighted.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
Website Link :
https://skyeresidences.com/
https://skyeresidences.com/about-us/
https://skyeresidences.com/gallery/
https://skyeresidences.com/rooms/
https://skyeresidences.com/near-by-attractions/
https://skyeresidences.com/commute/
https://skyeresidences.com/contact/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-and-balcony/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-king-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
#Skye Residences Etobicoke, #Skye Residences Near Toronto Airport, #Skye Residences Toronto, #Skye Hotel Toronto, #Skye Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Near Toronto Airport Accommodation, #Suites Near Toronto Airport, #Etobicoke Suites Near Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Pearson International Airport, #Toronto Airport Suite Rentals, #Pearson Airport Hotel Suites
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
1. The Role Of A Manager And A
Leader
David Stonehouse
Senior Lecturer
Tel: 01695 657003
E-mail: stonehod@edgehill.ac.uk
the University of choice
2. Management &
Leadership in Playwork
“Whether we like it or not, playwork
either within the voluntary sector,
private or council run, playwork has
to be managed and led within a
business environment.”
(Stonehouse, 2011a:7)
the University of choice
3. Leadership V
Management
“Leadership & management are two
distinctive and complementary
systems of action. Each has its own
function and characteristic activities.
Both are necessary for success in
an increasingly complex and volatile
environment.”
(Kotter, 1990:103)
the University of choice
4. Manager V Leader
Bennis and Nanus (1985:21) State
“managers are people who do things
right, and leaders are people who do
the right thing.”
Some leaders make unsuitable
managers and some managers make
unsuitable leaders
(Yukl, 2010).
the University of choice
5. What Is Management?
■ Takes place within a structured organisational
setting & with prescribed roles;
■ Directed towards the attainment of aims &
objectives;
■ Achieved through the efforts of other people; and
■ Using systems & procedures.
(Mullins: 2010)
the University of choice
6. Three Primary Responsibilities
1. Quality
2. Budget
3. Staff
■ Managers have 24 hr, 7-day/week responsibility for the
quality of the play service
■ Managers ensure that staff have what they need to get
their job done.
■ Managers allocate resources to meet the needs of
children and the play service within the budget.
Chilton (2006:127) when talking about what makes an
effective playworker states that one of a number of skills
is the “management and administration: of the physical
site, personnel, finances, communication systems,
committees, materials and equipment.”
the University of choice
7. 1.Quality
“providing good play opportunities, and
continuously improving what you do by
using standards” (Conway, 2008:72).
“the standard of how good something is
when measured against other similar
things” (Kilvington and Wood, 2010:121).
■ Policies and Procedures.
■ Listening and gaining feedback
■ Managing complaints,
the University of choice
8. 2. Budget
The manager will usually be the one
who is responsible for setting the
budget (Davy & Gallagher, 2006).
The manager must only spend the
budget on what has been agreed
and must never overspend
(Stonehouse, 2011a).
the University of choice
9. Budget Considerations
■ Staff
■ Premises
■ Equipment
■ Training/development of staff
■ Heating, lights, water.
■ Food.
the University of choice
10. Playwork Skills
When talking about what makes an
effective playworker Chilton
(2006:127) states that one of a
number of skills is the
“management and administration: of
the physical site, personnel,
finances, communication systems,
committees, materials and
equipment.”
the University of choice
11. 3. Staff
■ Hiring - job descriptions, job
specifications, Attracting quality staff
■ Retaining
■ Firing!!
■ Development/training
■ Managing sickness.
the University of choice
12. F.W. Taylor (1856-1915)
Scientific Management (1900-1930)
■ “Human beings are predisposed to seek
the maximum reward for the minimum
effort.”
■ “Managers must lay down in detail what
each worker should do, step by step;
ensure through close supervision that the
instructions are adhered to; and, to give
positive motivation, link pay to
performance.”
the University of choice
13. F.W. Taylor - Scientific
Management
■ Midvale & Bethlehem Steel Company,
Pennsylvania.
■ Identified that there was a ‘one best way
to accomplish a task.’
■ 75 men were loading on average 12 ½
tons of pig iron per man per day.
■ Schmidt through Taylor increased this to
47 ½ tons a day and kept this up for the
three years of the study. 60% pay
increase.
the University of choice
14. F.W. Taylor - Scientific
Management
■ Higher wages from increased output
■ The removal of physical strain from doing
work the wrong way
■ Substitution of industrial warfare with
industrial harmony
■ Developing countries may be best to
apply Scientific Management to aid their
economies.
the University of choice
15. Four Overriding Principles of
Scientific Management
1. Replace ‘rule of thumb’ means of
organising work with scientific methods.
Time & motion, expertise of experienced
workers.
2. Scientific Personnel system. Workers
hired, trained and promoted based on
technical competence and ability.
3. Common goals & sharing of organisational
mission. Financial incentives.
the University of choice
16. Four Overriding Principles of
Scientific Management
1. Relationship between managers and
workers should be cooperative &
interdependent. However, Functional
Foremen (Managers) plan prepare &
supervise, worker’s work.
Henry Ford in 1913 applied Scientific
Management to his Highland Park Plant.
‘Fordism’
the University of choice
17. Douglas McGregor (1960)
Theory X and Theory Y
■ Theory X – managers believe that that their
employees are basically lazy, need constant
supervision and direction and are indifferent to
organisational needs. emphases external
rewards, workers controlled through rewards and
punishment.
■ Theory Y – managers believe that their workers
enjoy their work, are self motivated, and are
willing to work hard to meet personal and
organisational goals. workers derive satisfaction
from the work itself.
■ Theory Z – Combination of the X & Y.
the University of choice
18. Neo Human Relations
More psychological approach
Maslow (1943) ‘Hierarchy of Human Needs.’
5 Levels
Self-
actualisation
Esteem needs
Love needs
Safety needs
Physiological needs
the University of choice
19. Characteristic Differences
MANAGER LEADER
■ Attention to detail ■ Innovator
■ Motivated by reward & ■ Motivator
punishment ■ Role model
■ Low on interpersonal skill ■ Interpersonal skills
■ Reactive than proactive ■ Values staff
■ Strives on efficiency ■ Promoter of positive
■ Sticks to rules, policies & punishment
regulations. ■ Proactive
the University of choice
20. Formal & Informal
Organisation
Formal Informal
■ Policies & procedures ■ Informal leaders
■ Spans of control ■ Personal animosities
& friendships
■ Organisational charts
■ Grapevine
■ Mission statements
■ Group norms &
■ Job definitions & sentiments
descriptions ■ Emotional feelings,
■ Production efficiency needs & desires.
& effectiveness ■ Prestige & power
measures structures.
the University of choice
21. What is Leadership?
It is about getting people to do
willingly, that which their instincts
teach them not to do.
(Mullins: 2010)
the University of choice
23. Scotland Forever!!
Charge of the Scots Greys
■ 107 riders killed, 97 wounded, and
228 horses (of the original 416) lost
the University of choice
24. Leadership Styles
■ Autocratic or Authoritarian Style of Leadership
■ Democratic Style of Leadership
■ Laissez-faire Style of Leadership
■ Transactional Style of Leadership
■ Transformational Style Of Leadership
There are many more!!!!
the University of choice
25. Autocratic or Authoritarian
Style of Leadership
leader who
■ Tells others what to do
■ Who limit’s discussion on their ideas
■ Communication is only in one direction, from
them to the rest of the staff.
■ Places emphasis on productivity, how much can
get done in the shortest possible time
Sadek and Sadek (2009) liken this type of leader to
a spider sitting within the middle of a web.
Always in complete control of its surroundings.
the University of choice
26. Autocratic Leadership
Negatives:
A leader who consistently behaves in
an autocratic way could end up devaluing and
de-motivating their staff, leading to problems with
staff retention (Johnston and Nahmad-Williams,
2009).
Positives:
when the leader is the most
knowledgeable person and where time is limited
(Huczynski and Buchanan, 1999).
For example
in an emergency situation
the University of choice
27. Democratic Style of
Leadership
Leader:
■ Involves others in decision making
■ Team work is promoted and encouraged
■ leader will ask rather than telling
■ Power here shifts away from the leader and is
shared with the team as a whole
■ Communication is in a two way direction with the
leader welcoming and seeking discussion and
feedback
the University of choice
28. Democratic Style of
Positives:
Leadership
■ greater motivation and commitment within the team
■ team feel valued and respected for their contribution
■ Ownership of any decision is accepted by everyone
Negatives:
■ where there is disagreement within the team conflict might
arise
And as Marquis and Huston (2009:39) state “because many
people must be consulted, democratic leadership takes
more time and, therefore, may be more frustrating for those
who want decisions made rapidly.”
the University of choice
29. Laissez-faire Style of
Leadership
The Leader:
■ gives complete freedom of action to the
team in making decisions and planning
■ Complete power is given over to the team
■ leader will not interfere with the teams
work, but keeps themselves available if
help is required
the University of choice
30. Laissez-faire Style of
Leadership
Works well When:
■ The team possesses a high degree of
skill, knowledge and motivation to
accomplish what is being asked of them.
Mullins (2010) stresses the importance
when discussing this leadership style that
it has to be a genuine laissez-faire style,
where the team has the skill and ability
and the leader trusts the team.
the University of choice
31. Laissez-faire Style
Does not work when:
■ staff members do not have the necessary ability
or skills.
This can then lead to high levels of stress
As Northouse (2009:44) states “because people are
directionless and at a loss to know what to do,
they tend to do nothing.”
Gill (2008) argues, laissez-faire leadership can
become no leadership at all.
the University of choice
32. Transactional leadership
The leader enters into a transaction with the
employee
who agrees to take part, or work in a
certain way, in return for some form of
reward or compensation (Lawler, 2007)
Or
to prevent some form of punishment from
taking place (Mullins, 2010).
the University of choice
33. Transactional Leadership
As Mullins (2010:391) states this type
of leadership
“appeals to the self-interest of
followers.”
This style contrast with the
Transformational or Charismatic
Leadership style.
the University of choice
34. Transformational Style Of
Leadership
“is a process of engendering higher levels
of motivation and commitment among
followers” (Mullins, 2010:391).
• Actively develop relationships with their
co-workers.
• The work place & meaning of work are
transformed
• Employees pursue active goals.
the University of choice
35. Transformational Leaders
“Act as mentors to their followers by
encouraging learning, achievement,
and individual development.
They provide meaning, act as role
models, provide challenges, evoke
emotions, and foster a climate of
trust.”
(Harms and Crede, 2010:6)
the University of choice
36. Transformational Leadership –
Four Basic Components.
■ Idealised Influence – Charisma of the leader.
Are they perceived as being confident and
committed. Do they engender respect and
admiration from their followers;
Leader aims for the employee to
“transcend their own self-interest for the sake of the
team, department, or organisation”
(Daft and Marcic, 2009:427)
the University of choice
37. Transformational Leadership –
Four Basic Components.
■ Inspirational Motivation – behaviour of the
leader provides meaning & challenge to the
workers. The leader sets challenging goals but
ones which are attainable.
“inspirationally motivate employees by clearly
articulating an appealing vision of the
organisation’s mission and future.”
(Wright and Pandey, 2010:75)
the University of choice
38. Transformational Leadership –
Four Basic Components.
■ Intellectual Stimulation – promotes intelligence
& new ways of working. Encourages creative
thinking, risk taking, to participate at an
intellectual level and for followers to challenge
their own assumptions.
■ Individualised Consideration – Leader has
special concern for workers growth &
development. Through mentoring, empowering,
encouraging and being in frequent contact.
the University of choice
39. Transformational Leaders
■ Have a clear collective vision
■ & they manage to communicate it
effectively to all employees.
■ Trust their subordinates and leave
them space to breathe and grow.
■ Stimulate employees to be more
innovative.
the University of choice
40. Transformational Leaders
■ Actively develop relationships with
their co-workers, who become more
active, motivated & inspired
■ The work place & meaning of work
are ‘transformed.’
■ Employees pursue organisational
goals.
the University of choice
41. Guidelines for Leaders
• Articulate a clear and appealing vision.
• Explain how the vision can be attained.
• Act confident and optimistic.
• Express confidence in followers.
• Use dramatic, symbolic actions to
emphasize key values.
• Lead by example.
(Yukl, 2010)
the University of choice
42. Battle of Agincourt 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin’s Day)
the University of choice
43. St Crispin’s Day Speech From
Henry V
■ He was present
■ He was flexible and fair
■ He was honest
■ He was involved
■ He was clear
■ He was timely
the University of choice
44. Key Qualities
■ Knowledge & skill,
■ Effective communication of ideas,
■ Confidence,
■ Commitment,
■ Energy,
■ Insight into the needs of others
the University of choice
45. Additional Qualities
■ Ability to listen
■ Ability to reserve judgement
■ Give direct & positive feedback
■ Recognise individual values through
respect for others
■ & use humour.
the University of choice
46. “The Dark Side of
Charisma” Yukl (2010)
■ The leader may take unnecessary risks
■ Or deny problems or failures as they occur
■ People over rely upon the leader, accepting
everything they say and do to be correct.
■ No-one feels able to question decisions or voice
opposition
Yukl (2010:275) states Leaders demonstrating
this failing may “make more risky decisions that
can result in a serious failure.”
the University of choice
47. So Which Style Is Best?
Anon (2010:21) states “Leaders must learn to adapt
their leadership styles and strategies to meet the
needs of various complex situations.”
“The key to a great leader is not then to be rigid in
their choice of style, but to move between the
different styles as the situation demands. It is this
flexibility and level of skill which makes the leader
stand out not just as a leader, but as a great leader”
(Stonehouse, 2011b:11).
the University of choice
48. Bibliography
Anon. (2010) ‘The Changing Face of Leadership.’ Strategic Direction. 26 (1) pp.21-23.
Bennis, W. & Nanus, B. (1985) Leaders. The Strategies For Taking Charge. New York:
Harper & Row.
Burnes, B. (2000) Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics.
Third Edition. London: Prentice Hall.
Chilton, T. (2006) ‘Adventure Playgrounds in the Twenty-First Century.’ In: Brown, F. (ed)
Playwork: Theory and Practice. Buckingham: Open University Press. Pp.114-127
Conway, M. (2008) ‘Quality in Play: Underpinning Thoughts’ In: Brown, F. & Taylor, C. (eds)
Foundations of Playwork. Berkshire: Open University Press. pp.72-75.
Daft, R.L. and Marcic, D. (2009) Understanding Management. Sixth Edition. United States:
South-Western Cengage Learning.
Davy, A. & Gallagher, J. (2006) New Playwork: Play and Care for Children 4 – 16. Fourth
Edition. London: Delmar Cengage Learning.
Gill, R. (2008) Theory and Practice of Leadership. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
Harms, P.D. & Crede, M. (2010) ‘Emotional Intelligence and Transformational and
Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analysis. ‘Journal of Leadership & Organisational
Studies. 17 (1) 5-17.
the University of choice
49. Bibliography
Huczynski, A. & Buchanan, D. (1999) ‘Can Leaders Change Their Styles?’ In: Billsberry, J.
(ed) The Effective Manager: Perspectives and Illustrations. London: Sage Publications.
Pp 42-46.
Kilvington, J. & Wood, A. (2010) Reflective Playwork: For All Who Work With Children.
London: Continuum International Publishing Group.
Kotter, J.P. (1990) What Leaders Really Do. Harvard Business Review. May – June
pp 103-111.
Johnston, J. & Nahmad-Williams, Lindy. (2009) Early Childhood Studies. Essex: Pearson
Education Limited.
Lawler, J. (2007) ‘Leadership in Social Work: A Case of Caveat Emptor?’ British Journal of
Social Work. 37:Pp. 123-141.
Marquis, B. L. & Huston, C. J. (2009) Leadership Roles and Management Functions in
Nursing. Sixth Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Mullins, L.J. (2010) Management and Organisational Behaviour. Ninth Edition. London:
Financial Times Prentice Hall.
the University of choice
50. Bibliography
Northouse, P.G. (2009) Introduction to Leadership, Concepts and Practice. London: Sage
Publications Ltd.
Sadek, E. & Sadek, J. (2009) Good Practice in Nursery Management. Third Edition.
Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes.
Senge, P. M. (2006) The Fifth Discipline: The Art And Practice of the Learning
Organisation.
London : Currency Doubleday.
Stonehouse, D. (2011a) ‘Are You A Manager Or Leader Of Playwork? Part One.’ IP-DiP:
For
Professionals In Play. Weekly. 14th January (31) pp. 7-11.
Stonehouse, D. (2011b) ‘Are You A Manager Or Leader Of Playwork? Part Two.’ IP-DiP:
For
Professionals In Play. Weekly. 21st January (32) pp. 7-11.
Wright, B. E. & Pandey, S. K. (2010) ‘Transformational Leadership in the Public Sector:
Does Structure Matter?’ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 20:
Pp. 75-89.
Yukl, G. (2010) Leadership in Organizations. Seventh Edition. New Jersey:Pearson.
the University of choice