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The New Deal and the Arts
HST 3103 America in
Crisis: 1929-1945
Kara Heitz
New Deal Goals
• Economic Recovery
• Job Creation
• Investment in Public Works
• Civil Uplift
Public Works of Art Project (1933-1934)
• Treasury Department
• Employed 3,700 artists
• Created 15,00 works of art
• Aims:
• Provide jobs for artists
• Create public art
• "American scene“
• Success = other larger WPA
arts projects
David Hicks Overmyer, KSU Farrell Library Murals; “The
Arts,” “Industry,” “Home Life,” and “Agriculture” (1934)
Coit Tower Murals
Left to Right: Victor Arnautoff's "City Life“, John Langley
Howard's “California Industrial Scenes”, Maxine Albro's
"Agriculture in California” (all 1934)
Section on Painting and Sculpture (1934-1943)
• Treasury Department
• Murals and sculptures for
government buildings
• Post offices
• Created ~ 1,400 murals &
~300 sculptures
• 850 artists commissioned
• Commission on artistic
merit not need "Country Post," mural by Doris Lee at the Federal Post Office
Building, Washington, D.C.
Section Post Office Art in KC Region
Right: Edward Buk Ulreich, “Indians Watching
Stagecoach in the Distance”(1937); created for
Columbia, MO post office; currently on display in US
National Archives building in Kansas City
Left: Gustaf Dalstrom (1941); St. Joseph, MO
post office
WPA Federal
Project #1
• Federal Art Project
(1935-1943)
• Federal Theatre Project
(1935-1939)
• Federal Music Project
(1935-1943)
• Federal Writers Project
(1935-1943)
John French Sloan, “6th Ave at 14th St” (1933)
Federal Art Project (1935-1943)
• Largest New Deal era arts project
• Employed 10,000 artists
• Produced 225,000 works
• Central goal: provide jobs for unemployed
artists
• Main types of programs:
• Creating art
• Providing art instruction
• Community art centers
• Notable FPA programs included:
• Index of American Design
• Posters
Top left: Florence Kawa, “The Workers”, (1935); wall hanging for the FAP's
Handicraft Project, in Milwaukee, WI
WPA Posters
Are Artists Workers?
• John Singleton Copley (1738–1815) complained
that he was regarded as “no better than a cobbler.”
• Thomas Eakins (1844–1916) lamented that “My
honours are misunderstanding, persecution, and
neglect, enhanced because unsought.”
• John Sloan (1871–1951) famously said, “The artist
in America is regarded as the unwanted cockroach
in the kitchen of a frontier society.”
WWII Posters

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The New Deal and the Arts

  • 1. The New Deal and the Arts HST 3103 America in Crisis: 1929-1945 Kara Heitz
  • 2. New Deal Goals • Economic Recovery • Job Creation • Investment in Public Works • Civil Uplift
  • 3. Public Works of Art Project (1933-1934) • Treasury Department • Employed 3,700 artists • Created 15,00 works of art • Aims: • Provide jobs for artists • Create public art • "American scene“ • Success = other larger WPA arts projects David Hicks Overmyer, KSU Farrell Library Murals; “The Arts,” “Industry,” “Home Life,” and “Agriculture” (1934)
  • 4. Coit Tower Murals Left to Right: Victor Arnautoff's "City Life“, John Langley Howard's “California Industrial Scenes”, Maxine Albro's "Agriculture in California” (all 1934)
  • 5. Section on Painting and Sculpture (1934-1943) • Treasury Department • Murals and sculptures for government buildings • Post offices • Created ~ 1,400 murals & ~300 sculptures • 850 artists commissioned • Commission on artistic merit not need "Country Post," mural by Doris Lee at the Federal Post Office Building, Washington, D.C.
  • 6. Section Post Office Art in KC Region Right: Edward Buk Ulreich, “Indians Watching Stagecoach in the Distance”(1937); created for Columbia, MO post office; currently on display in US National Archives building in Kansas City Left: Gustaf Dalstrom (1941); St. Joseph, MO post office
  • 7. WPA Federal Project #1 • Federal Art Project (1935-1943) • Federal Theatre Project (1935-1939) • Federal Music Project (1935-1943) • Federal Writers Project (1935-1943) John French Sloan, “6th Ave at 14th St” (1933)
  • 8. Federal Art Project (1935-1943) • Largest New Deal era arts project • Employed 10,000 artists • Produced 225,000 works • Central goal: provide jobs for unemployed artists • Main types of programs: • Creating art • Providing art instruction • Community art centers • Notable FPA programs included: • Index of American Design • Posters Top left: Florence Kawa, “The Workers”, (1935); wall hanging for the FAP's Handicraft Project, in Milwaukee, WI
  • 10. Are Artists Workers? • John Singleton Copley (1738–1815) complained that he was regarded as “no better than a cobbler.” • Thomas Eakins (1844–1916) lamented that “My honours are misunderstanding, persecution, and neglect, enhanced because unsought.” • John Sloan (1871–1951) famously said, “The artist in America is regarded as the unwanted cockroach in the kitchen of a frontier society.”