The document discusses the phases of the Moon and features seen on its surface. As the Moon orbits Earth, we see different portions of its sunlit side, changing from a thin crescent to a full moon monthly. Dark areas called "seas" are actually large, smooth plains of hardened lava. Galileo was the first to properly map the Moon using an early telescope, while Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the lunar surface in 1969 as part of the Apollo 11 mission.

1. THE MOON

2. All parts of the Moon are lit in turn by the Sun. As it rotates round the Earth we see
different fractions of the sunlit half, or hemisphere, of the Moon. These are known
as the phases of the Moon, or lunar phases. The Moon changes from a thin crescent
to a full moon and back again to a crescent in one month (actually 29 days, which is
a lunar month).

3. If you look at the Moon
when it is nearly full you
can see the dark areas
which are known as the
seas. (They are all given
Latin names, such as
Mare Serenitatis – the
Sea of Serenity, or Mare
Frigoris – the Sea of
Cold).These are not really
seas but are huge
expanses of smooth dark
lava.

4. The first man to make proper maps of
the moon was Galileo. Galileo did
not invent the telescope but by 1609
he had developed a telescope that
could magnify objects to 20 times,
and with this telescope he began his
careful study of the Moon’s surface.

5. He was the first person to walk on
the Moon (21st July 1969)
Apollo 11 was
the spaceflight that landed t
he first humans on
the Moon.

6. A photograph of the Earth taken from the
surface of the Moon.
The Moon is much smaller than the Earth.
It has got no air, water or life.