Under the Indian patent law, a patent can be obtained only for an invention that is new and useful. The invention must relate to the machine, article, or substance produced by a manufacturer, or the process of manufacture of an article.
The document discusses patents, which are a grant from governments that provide the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a limited period of time. Key points include:
- A patent is granted for new and useful inventions like processes, machines, manufactured articles, or improvements. It is not granted for ideas or principles.
- The term of an Indian patent is 20 years to encourage research and development. Patents prevent secret exploitation of inventions and allow patentees to legally enforce their rights against infringers.
- The patent process involves filing an application with a provisional then complete specification within 12 months, examination for novelty, opportunity for opposition, and potential grant and sealing of the patent.
The document discusses the Indian Patent Act of 1970, which governs the granting of patents in India and provides intellectual property protections for inventions. Key aspects covered include the requirements for an invention to be patentable, the types of patents granted, procedures for obtaining and renewing a patent, rights of a patentee, and exclusions from patentability. The patent system aims to reward inventors while ensuring availability of inventions for public use.
A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state (national government) to an inventor for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention.
compulsory licensing of patents in India how to get compulsory licensing in India, procedure, rights involved, act and sections,limitation of compulsory licensing, government rights for compulsory licensing,well good for law students
Trade Related Aspects Of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)Anjita Khadka
TRIPS agreement covers the following areas:
Copyright and related rights (i.e. the rights of performers, producers of sound recordings and broadcasting organizations)
Trademarks including service marks
Geographical indications including appellations of origin
Industrial designs; patents including the protection of new varieties of plants
Layout-designs of integrated circuits and
Undisclosed information including trade secrets and test data
Patentable and Non-Patentable inventions.pptxVed Gharat
The document discusses patentable and non-patentable inventions under Indian patent law. It outlines that inventions must be novel, involve an inventive step, and be capable of industrial application to be patentable. Several categories are then described as non-patentable under Sections 3 and 4 of the Indian Patent Act, including discoveries of natural phenomena, inventions contrary to morality or public order, and traditional knowledge. Patentable inventions are defined as new products, processes, machines, compositions, or new uses that meet the threshold requirements.
The document discusses patents, which are a grant from governments that provide the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a limited period of time. Key points include:
- A patent is granted for new and useful inventions like processes, machines, manufactured articles, or improvements. It is not granted for ideas or principles.
- The term of an Indian patent is 20 years to encourage research and development. Patents prevent secret exploitation of inventions and allow patentees to legally enforce their rights against infringers.
- The patent process involves filing an application with a provisional then complete specification within 12 months, examination for novelty, opportunity for opposition, and potential grant and sealing of the patent.
The document discusses the Indian Patent Act of 1970, which governs the granting of patents in India and provides intellectual property protections for inventions. Key aspects covered include the requirements for an invention to be patentable, the types of patents granted, procedures for obtaining and renewing a patent, rights of a patentee, and exclusions from patentability. The patent system aims to reward inventors while ensuring availability of inventions for public use.
A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state (national government) to an inventor for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention.
compulsory licensing of patents in India how to get compulsory licensing in India, procedure, rights involved, act and sections,limitation of compulsory licensing, government rights for compulsory licensing,well good for law students
Trade Related Aspects Of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)Anjita Khadka
TRIPS agreement covers the following areas:
Copyright and related rights (i.e. the rights of performers, producers of sound recordings and broadcasting organizations)
Trademarks including service marks
Geographical indications including appellations of origin
Industrial designs; patents including the protection of new varieties of plants
Layout-designs of integrated circuits and
Undisclosed information including trade secrets and test data
Patentable and Non-Patentable inventions.pptxVed Gharat
The document discusses patentable and non-patentable inventions under Indian patent law. It outlines that inventions must be novel, involve an inventive step, and be capable of industrial application to be patentable. Several categories are then described as non-patentable under Sections 3 and 4 of the Indian Patent Act, including discoveries of natural phenomena, inventions contrary to morality or public order, and traditional knowledge. Patentable inventions are defined as new products, processes, machines, compositions, or new uses that meet the threshold requirements.
The document discusses intellectual property rights as they relate to the pharmaceutical industry. It defines intellectual property rights as statutory rights that grant creators exclusive commercial exploitation of their work for a period of time. The document outlines various types of intellectual property protections including patents, trademarks, copyrights, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets. It provides examples of how these intellectual property rights are applied within the pharmaceutical industry.
The document provides information on different types of patent applications in India. It discusses provisional applications, which are filed before an invention is finalized to claim priority. Non-provisional or ordinary applications are filed when priority is not claimed. Convention applications allow claiming priority based on applications filed in convention countries. PCT international applications can be filed to seek protection in multiple countries simultaneously. National phase applications must then be filed in each designated country. The document also discusses patent of addition applications for modifications of existing inventions, and divisional applications which divide one application into multiple applications.
The document discusses amendments made to the Indian Patents Act of 1970 in 1999 and 2002. Some key changes included introducing provisions for product patents in pharmaceuticals, granting exclusive marketing rights, allowing simultaneous foreign patent filings, strengthening disclosure requirements, and increasing patent terms to 20 years. The amendments also aimed to strengthen India's ability to protect public health and promote generic drug production through measures like compulsory licensing.
Compulsory licensing is when a government allows someone else to produce a patented product or process without the consent of the patent owner or plans to use the patent-protected invention itself.
The document discusses intellectual property rights transfers between US firms and foreign businesses. There are several reasons why US firms may transfer their IPRs, such as receiving licensing fees, contributing technology to joint ventures, or shifting production to lower cost countries. International agreements like the Paris Convention and TRIPS Agreement established standards for protecting IPRs like patents, trademarks, and copyrights across signatory countries. The PCT and Madrid Protocol set up centralized filing systems for international patent and trademark applications.
The document outlines the procedure for filing a patent application in India. Key points include:
- Only inventors, assignees, or legal heirs of deceased inventors can apply for a patent.
- There are different types of patent applications including convention, international, divisional, and patent of addition applications.
- Applications must be filed in the prescribed form along with a provisional or complete specification and applicable fees.
- The specification must include a title, description, drawings or samples, method to perform the invention, scope, and abstract.
- Priority date rules depend on whether the application is a single filing or based on an earlier application.
This document provides an introduction to intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents. It defines IPR as legal rights over creations of the human mind, including inventions, literary/artistic works, and symbols/names used in commerce. Countries establish IPR laws to both protect creators' moral/economic rights and promote innovation/economic development. IPR is divided into industrial property like patents, trademarks, and copyright over literary/artistic works. The document outlines requirements and types of patents like product, process, and conditions for patentability including novelty, inventive step, and industrial applicability. Examples of patented inventions are also provided.
This document provides information about geographical indications (GIs) including definitions, benefits, examples of GIs from India and other countries, and the GI registration process in India. It defines a GI as an indication that originates from a definite geographical territory and is used to identify goods with special characteristics from that territory. Registering a GI provides legal protection and economic benefits to producers. Examples of registered Indian GIs include Basmati rice, Mysore silk, and Darjeeling tea. The registration process in India involves filing an application, examination, opportunities for opposition, and potential renewal of the registration.
International treaties provide a framework for protecting industrial property rights across borders. The key treaties discussed establish principles of national treatment, priority rights, and compulsory licensing. India is a member of major treaties including the Paris Convention, Berne Convention, Universal Copyright Convention, Patent Cooperation Treaty, and Budapest Treaty. These treaties help establish international standards for copyright, patents, trademarks and deposit of microorganisms.
The document provides information about the patenting system in India. It defines what a patent and invention are, and outlines the criteria for patenting - novelty, inventive step, and capability of industrial application. It describes the patenting process in India, including who can apply, where to apply, fees, examination stages, and examples. Key criteria that make an invention unpatentable in India are also discussed.
patent types of patent,utility patent,design patent,plant patent,expiry of patent,how to apply patent,filling form of patent,sample of patent advantages of patents to the patentee and society, patent history-india
The document discusses India's Patent Act of 1970 and its amendments. It covers several key points:
- The Act governs patent granting in India and provides protection for 20 years. Patents must meet criteria of novelty, inventive step, and industrial applicability.
- Several types of patents can be granted including ordinary patents, patents of addition, and patents of convention. Both product and process patents are allowed.
- The Act excludes inventions that are offensive, harmful to health/environment, or relate to nuclear technology. Compulsory licensing and revocation provisions aim to protect public interests.
- The patenting process and rights of patentees are outlined along with permissible patent subject matter and exceptions. Maint
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) such as trademarks, copyrights, patents, and industrial designs. It discusses how IPRs encourage innovation by allowing creators of intellectual works to exclude others from exploiting their creations for a period of time. Specifically, it defines what subject matter is covered under each type of IPR, requirements for obtaining protection, and importance of the different IPRs.
This document discusses patents and the patent application process. It explains that a patent provides an inventor exclusive rights to make, use, and sell an invention for 20 years. To obtain a patent, an invention must be new, have industrial application, and not be obvious. The patent application process involves filing forms, examination, potential oppositions, and maintenance fees to keep the patent valid for the full 20 year term.
This document summarizes the key farmers' rights provisions in India's Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001. It outlines 9 types of farmers' rights established by the Act, including the right to save and replant seed, register traditional varieties, receive compensation, benefit sharing, and free services to protect farmers' interests and encourage conservation of plant genetic resources.
This document discusses patent infringement and remedies under Indian law. It defines patent infringement as making, using, offering to sell, selling, or importing a patented product or process without permission. There are direct and indirect types of infringement. Certain uses for research or education are excluded. The patentee or assignee can file an infringement suit within 3 years. The plaintiff bears the burden of proof initially. Remedies for infringement include injunctions and damages or accounting of profits. Temporary injunctions require considering a prima facie case, balance of convenience, and irreparable loss. Several case laws are discussed, including ones related to linezolid patents, DTSi technology, the rejection of a patent for Gleevec, and actions for
This document provides an overview of patents and the patent process in India. It discusses what an invention is, the different types of patents, the requirements for patentability, and the stages involved in obtaining a patent. Key benefits of patents for patentees and society are outlined. The document also describes patent information, its importance, typical contents of a patent document, and some limitations of the patent system.
Mr. Prem Patil prepared this document on patents under the guidance of Mrs. Swati Gupta at Apeejay Stya University in Sohna. The document discusses intellectual property rights including patents, designs, trademarks, and copyright. It defines what constitutes an invention and provides an overview of the history of patents. The stages to obtain a patent including filing, examination, grant or withdrawal are outlined. The document also discusses who benefits from patents, the rights they provide, and the importance and limitations of patent information.
The document discusses intellectual property rights as they relate to the pharmaceutical industry. It defines intellectual property rights as statutory rights that grant creators exclusive commercial exploitation of their work for a period of time. The document outlines various types of intellectual property protections including patents, trademarks, copyrights, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets. It provides examples of how these intellectual property rights are applied within the pharmaceutical industry.
The document provides information on different types of patent applications in India. It discusses provisional applications, which are filed before an invention is finalized to claim priority. Non-provisional or ordinary applications are filed when priority is not claimed. Convention applications allow claiming priority based on applications filed in convention countries. PCT international applications can be filed to seek protection in multiple countries simultaneously. National phase applications must then be filed in each designated country. The document also discusses patent of addition applications for modifications of existing inventions, and divisional applications which divide one application into multiple applications.
The document discusses amendments made to the Indian Patents Act of 1970 in 1999 and 2002. Some key changes included introducing provisions for product patents in pharmaceuticals, granting exclusive marketing rights, allowing simultaneous foreign patent filings, strengthening disclosure requirements, and increasing patent terms to 20 years. The amendments also aimed to strengthen India's ability to protect public health and promote generic drug production through measures like compulsory licensing.
Compulsory licensing is when a government allows someone else to produce a patented product or process without the consent of the patent owner or plans to use the patent-protected invention itself.
The document discusses intellectual property rights transfers between US firms and foreign businesses. There are several reasons why US firms may transfer their IPRs, such as receiving licensing fees, contributing technology to joint ventures, or shifting production to lower cost countries. International agreements like the Paris Convention and TRIPS Agreement established standards for protecting IPRs like patents, trademarks, and copyrights across signatory countries. The PCT and Madrid Protocol set up centralized filing systems for international patent and trademark applications.
The document outlines the procedure for filing a patent application in India. Key points include:
- Only inventors, assignees, or legal heirs of deceased inventors can apply for a patent.
- There are different types of patent applications including convention, international, divisional, and patent of addition applications.
- Applications must be filed in the prescribed form along with a provisional or complete specification and applicable fees.
- The specification must include a title, description, drawings or samples, method to perform the invention, scope, and abstract.
- Priority date rules depend on whether the application is a single filing or based on an earlier application.
This document provides an introduction to intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents. It defines IPR as legal rights over creations of the human mind, including inventions, literary/artistic works, and symbols/names used in commerce. Countries establish IPR laws to both protect creators' moral/economic rights and promote innovation/economic development. IPR is divided into industrial property like patents, trademarks, and copyright over literary/artistic works. The document outlines requirements and types of patents like product, process, and conditions for patentability including novelty, inventive step, and industrial applicability. Examples of patented inventions are also provided.
This document provides information about geographical indications (GIs) including definitions, benefits, examples of GIs from India and other countries, and the GI registration process in India. It defines a GI as an indication that originates from a definite geographical territory and is used to identify goods with special characteristics from that territory. Registering a GI provides legal protection and economic benefits to producers. Examples of registered Indian GIs include Basmati rice, Mysore silk, and Darjeeling tea. The registration process in India involves filing an application, examination, opportunities for opposition, and potential renewal of the registration.
International treaties provide a framework for protecting industrial property rights across borders. The key treaties discussed establish principles of national treatment, priority rights, and compulsory licensing. India is a member of major treaties including the Paris Convention, Berne Convention, Universal Copyright Convention, Patent Cooperation Treaty, and Budapest Treaty. These treaties help establish international standards for copyright, patents, trademarks and deposit of microorganisms.
The document provides information about the patenting system in India. It defines what a patent and invention are, and outlines the criteria for patenting - novelty, inventive step, and capability of industrial application. It describes the patenting process in India, including who can apply, where to apply, fees, examination stages, and examples. Key criteria that make an invention unpatentable in India are also discussed.
patent types of patent,utility patent,design patent,plant patent,expiry of patent,how to apply patent,filling form of patent,sample of patent advantages of patents to the patentee and society, patent history-india
The document discusses India's Patent Act of 1970 and its amendments. It covers several key points:
- The Act governs patent granting in India and provides protection for 20 years. Patents must meet criteria of novelty, inventive step, and industrial applicability.
- Several types of patents can be granted including ordinary patents, patents of addition, and patents of convention. Both product and process patents are allowed.
- The Act excludes inventions that are offensive, harmful to health/environment, or relate to nuclear technology. Compulsory licensing and revocation provisions aim to protect public interests.
- The patenting process and rights of patentees are outlined along with permissible patent subject matter and exceptions. Maint
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) such as trademarks, copyrights, patents, and industrial designs. It discusses how IPRs encourage innovation by allowing creators of intellectual works to exclude others from exploiting their creations for a period of time. Specifically, it defines what subject matter is covered under each type of IPR, requirements for obtaining protection, and importance of the different IPRs.
This document discusses patents and the patent application process. It explains that a patent provides an inventor exclusive rights to make, use, and sell an invention for 20 years. To obtain a patent, an invention must be new, have industrial application, and not be obvious. The patent application process involves filing forms, examination, potential oppositions, and maintenance fees to keep the patent valid for the full 20 year term.
This document summarizes the key farmers' rights provisions in India's Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001. It outlines 9 types of farmers' rights established by the Act, including the right to save and replant seed, register traditional varieties, receive compensation, benefit sharing, and free services to protect farmers' interests and encourage conservation of plant genetic resources.
This document discusses patent infringement and remedies under Indian law. It defines patent infringement as making, using, offering to sell, selling, or importing a patented product or process without permission. There are direct and indirect types of infringement. Certain uses for research or education are excluded. The patentee or assignee can file an infringement suit within 3 years. The plaintiff bears the burden of proof initially. Remedies for infringement include injunctions and damages or accounting of profits. Temporary injunctions require considering a prima facie case, balance of convenience, and irreparable loss. Several case laws are discussed, including ones related to linezolid patents, DTSi technology, the rejection of a patent for Gleevec, and actions for
This document provides an overview of patents and the patent process in India. It discusses what an invention is, the different types of patents, the requirements for patentability, and the stages involved in obtaining a patent. Key benefits of patents for patentees and society are outlined. The document also describes patent information, its importance, typical contents of a patent document, and some limitations of the patent system.
Mr. Prem Patil prepared this document on patents under the guidance of Mrs. Swati Gupta at Apeejay Stya University in Sohna. The document discusses intellectual property rights including patents, designs, trademarks, and copyright. It defines what constitutes an invention and provides an overview of the history of patents. The stages to obtain a patent including filing, examination, grant or withdrawal are outlined. The document also discusses who benefits from patents, the rights they provide, and the importance and limitations of patent information.
The document summarizes Abdul Waheed Salafi's seminar on intellectual property and patents. It discusses what a patent is, the conditions for obtaining a patent, the types of patents including utility, design and plant patents, and the Indian Patent Act. It provides examples of patentable and non-patentable inventions, and explains the patent application process and specifications.
This document provides an overview of patent law in India, including the history and mechanisms of intellectual property rights (IPR) and the Indian Patent Act of 1970. It describes what can be patented in India, the types of patents, the patent application process, and amendments made to the patent act over the years, including the Patent Amendment Acts of 1999, 2002, 2005, and 2010. The key purpose of patents is to protect inventions and provide exclusive commercial rights to inventors for a limited time.
The document discusses the Indian Patent Act of 1970 and the process for obtaining a patent in India. It provides background on intellectual property rights and patents. It then outlines the key stages of filing a patent application in India, including formality check, publication, request for examination, examination and issuance of an examination report, response from applicant, pre-grant opposition, and final grant of the patent. It also discusses different types of patent applications under Indian law such as provisional, ordinary, convention, and divisional applications.
Patent law provides exclusive rights to inventors for a limited period of time in exchange for publicly disclosing their inventions. India's patent law has evolved over time from the first patent law in 1856 to the modern law of 1970 which was amended in 1999 and 2005. The law provides for both product and process patents with a term of 20 years. It includes safeguards for compulsory licensing and parallel imports to ensure availability of medicines. The patent office has been modernized with increased examiners and IT systems to improve patent administration.
The document provides an overview of patent law in India under the Patents Act. It discusses what constitutes a patent, the objectives of patent law, rights conferred by a patent, requirements for a patent to be granted, non-patentable inventions, process and product patents, surrender and revocation of patents, and infringement of patents. The key points are:
1) A patent provides a monopoly right over an invention for a limited period of time (usually 20 years) in exchange for public disclosure of the invention.
2) The main objectives of patent law are to encourage research and innovation, protect inventors' interests, and promote fair trade practices.
3) To be granted a patent, an invention
The document discusses types of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India and patents. It outlines the main legislations covering different types of IPR in India, including patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses key aspects of the patent system in India such as registration, international treaties, requirements for patents, limitations of patents, the Patents Act of 1970, patentable and non-patentable inventions, process versus product patents, and the patent filing process.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) legislation and patents in India. It provides an overview of the major IPR legislations in India covering patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses requirements for patent registration, international IPR treaties and agreements India is a signatory to, types of patents, and limitations of patents. The document focuses on the Patents Act of 1970 and key aspects of the Indian patent system such as patentable and non-patentable inventions. It also distinguishes between process and product patents.
- Patent is a grant from the government that provides exclusive rights over an invention for a limited period of time, allowing the inventor to commercially benefit from the invention [1].
- The key requirements for patentability are that the invention must be novel, non-obvious, and industrially applicable [2].
- The patent process involves filing an application, examination by the patent office, potential pre-grant opposition, publication if granted, and the ability for post-grant opposition challenging the validity of the patent [3].
The document discusses patents and the patent system in India. It defines a patent as a government-granted intellectual property right given to an inventor to exclude others from commercially exploiting a new product or process for a limited period. It outlines the criteria for patentability - novelty, inventive step, and industrial applicability. It also summarizes the types of patent applications under the Indian Patents Act of 1970 as amended in 2005, the process for filing a patent application, and key aspects of patent specifications and international treaties governing patents.
This document provides an overview of patent processing and applications. It defines a patent as a set of exclusive rights granted by a government to an inventor for a limited time in exchange for publicly disclosing an invention. The document discusses the patent process, types of patents including utility patents, design patents and plant patents. It also describes different types of patent applications including national, regional, international and provisional applications.
Indian Patent Act 1970 : This presentation includes definition of Patent, approval process, expiry and withdrawal, its renewal procedure, penalties and various brief topics with explanation of Indian patent act 1970 and its amendments thereafter.
a detailed description to Introduction to patents and its allied issues. Its object and scope have also been discussed. Few provisions from the Patent Act 1970 are also addressed.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents in India. It defines intellectual property and IPR, and outlines the types of intellectual property including patents, designs, trademarks, geographical indications, and copyright. It then discusses the history and development of patent laws in India, prerequisites for a patent, and differences between the Indian and US patent acts. The document also outlines the patent procedure in India and types of special patents including for textiles, electronics, software, food, pharmaceuticals, and microorganisms.
This document discusses intellectual property and patents in India. It provides information on:
- What intellectual property and patents are. Patents grant exclusive rights over inventions.
- Key aspects of Indian patent law and amendments over time to make it WTO compliant. Patents are now granted for 20 years and cover all fields of technology.
- Application process for patents in India, including filing requirements and examination process.
- Rights conferred on patent holders and ability to surrender or revoke patents on certain grounds.
This document discusses patents, including what they are, how they came into existence, and laws governing them. It notes that a patent is a form of intellectual property providing exclusive rights granted by a state to an inventor. The first patent was received in 1421. Indian patent law originated in 1856 and was consolidated in 1911. Patents can be granted for novel, inventive, and industrially applicable inventions, but discoveries, schemes, and methods of treatment are non-patentable. The document outlines the patent application and publication process and notes a dispute between Robert Kearns and Ford/Chrysler involving patents.
Indian patent act - 1970 - definitions, history, types, terms, inventions patentable and non-patentable, patent filling procedure, rights of a patentee, offences and penalties.
The Consumer Protection Bill, 1986 seeks to provide for better protection of the interests of consumers and for the purpose, to make provision for the establishment of Consumer councils and other authorities for the settlement of consumer disputes and for matter connected therewith. (f) right to consumer education.
What is the "Drugs (Prices Control) Order (DPCO)" ? The Drugs Prices Control Order, 1995 is an order issued by the Government of India under Sec. 3 of Essential Commodities Act, 1955 to regulate the prices of drugs.
The Narcotics Control Bureau is the Indian central law enforcement and intelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. The agency is tasked with combating drug trafficking and the use of illegal substances under the provisions of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act.
COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS & MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT TO QUALITYANANT NAG
This document discusses competitive analysis and management commitment to quality. It outlines the steps in competitive analysis, which include identifying current and potential competitors, competitor profiling, assessing market attractiveness, and designing competitor strategies. It also introduces management commitment to quality, discussing it from the perspectives of the pharmaceutical industry/FDA and ISO-9001 standards. Management commitment to quality involves management responsibilities, quality audits, personnel requirements, and quality responsibilities as defined by ISO-9001.
Presentation of QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE-Unit 5 (Self-selected Topics)Introduction
Sec. 211.101 charge-in of components.
Sec. 211.134 drug product inspection.
Sec. 211.115 reprocessing.
The document discusses ion exchange chromatography, including its principle of separating ions and polar molecules based on their charge affinity for the ion exchanger. It covers various aspects of ion exchange chromatography such as classifications of resins, factors affecting separations, practical requirements like column materials and dimensions, and applications in areas like biochemistry, inorganic separations, and water analysis.
The WHO plays several key roles in pharmaceutical management:
1) It issues norms and standards through expert committees and supports regulatory capacity building for drug regulation.
2) It ensures quality of essential medicines through prequalification programs.
3) It facilitates information exchange between countries on drug safety and efficacy through tools like the International Conference of Drug Regulatory Authorities and a network of national drug information officers.
Anant Nag provides personal details including his full name, date of birth, family background, and current place of residence. He completed his half schooling at Oxford Public School in Ranchi and did his matriculation from Seventh-Day Adventist High School in Ranchi. He did his Bachelor of Pharmacy from Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences and is currently doing his M.Pharm in Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance from Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra. His hobbies include photography, gardening, designing, vlogging, cooking, and singing.
Role of pharmacists during covid 19 pandemic pptANANT NAG
Pharmacists play an important but underutilized role during the COVID-19 pandemic. As trusted healthcare professionals with access to patients, pharmacists working in communities, hospitals, pharmaceutical industries, and regulatory authorities can help manage disease prevention, treatment, and containment. However, their full capabilities are not recognized. Integrating pharmacist services across different settings with other healthcare workers could help strengthen the response to the pandemic.
X-ray diffraction is a technique used to determine the atomic structure of crystals. When X-rays strike the regular array of atoms in a crystal, they produce a pattern of diffracted rays. By measuring the angles and intensities of these diffracted beams, the crystal structure can be analyzed. X-ray crystallography is used across many fields to determine molecular structures, crystal structures, and physical properties of materials. It works by firing X-rays at crystalline samples and observing the diffraction patterns that emerge, which can then be analyzed using Fourier transforms to reveal details about atomic positions and electron densities within the crystal. Common applications of X-ray diffraction include phase identification, structural elucidation of organic and inorganic compounds, and
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is classified as primary (essential) hypertension, which is high blood pressure due to non-specific lifestyle and genetic factors, or secondary hypertension, which is caused by an identifiable underlying condition. Blood pressure is measured by the systolic and diastolic pressures. Normal blood pressure is below 130/80 mmHg while high blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or higher. Lifestyle changes and medications are used to lower blood pressure and reduce health risks from hypertension.
Calibration and validation of HPLC methods involves establishing that the instrument produces accurate and reproducible results. Key aspects include:
1. Calibration involves checking parameters like flow rate accuracy, wavelength accuracy, and detector linearity using reference standards.
2. Validation establishes method performance meets requirements. It involves determining accuracy over 3 concentration levels, precision through repeatability studies, and linearity through correlation coefficients.
3. Qualification includes design, installation, operational, and performance qualification to prove equipment works correctly and leads to expected results.
Analytical method development and validationANANT NAG
This document describes the development and validation of an analytical method for Azelnidipine using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The method development involved preparation of standard stock and working solutions, selection of the analytical wavelength of 257nm from UV scanning, and generation of a calibration curve. The method validation assessed parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, robustness, and assay of Azelnidipine tablets to prove that the method is suitable for use in pharmaceutical analysis. The results of the study confirmed that UV-Visible spectroscopy can accurately and reliably measure Azelnidipine concentrations in formulations.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
1. INDIAN PATENT ACT - 1970
By : ANANT NAG (MPH/10016/21)
SUBJECT: SEMINAR/ASSIGMENT (PQA)
2. CONTENT
Introduction to patent
The Indian patent act
History
What is a patent ?
Purpose of getting a patent
What can be patented?
Patent law - salient features
Types of patents
Patentable inventions
Non-patentable inventions
Stages
Conclusion
3. INTRODUCTION TO PATENT
Patent word from Latin: PATERE - “To lay open”
(to make it available for public inspection)
Patent is a grant from the government
A guarantee for a limited period of time
The required privilege for
Making
Selling
And Using the invention
4. THE INDIAN PATENT ACT
In India the
grant of
patents is
governed by
the patent
Act 1970 and
Rules 1972.
The patents
granted
under the act
are operative
in the whole
of India.
5. HISTORY
The Patent Law of
1856
The Patent and
Designs Act, 1911.
The Patents Act, 1970
and Rules 1972
The Patent
amendment act 2005
6. WHAT IS A PATENT ?
A patent is a grant from the government which
confers on the guarantee for a limited period of time
the exclusive privilege of making, selling and using
the invention for which a patent has been granted.
The term patent usually refers to a right granted to
anyone who invents or discovers any new and
useful process, machine, article of manufacture, or
composition of matter, or any new and useful
improvement
7. PURPOSE OF GETTING A PATENT
To enjoy the exclusive rights over
the invention.
The patent is to ensure commercial
returns to the inventor for the time
and money spend in generating a
new product.
8. WHAT CAN BE PATENTED?
In order to be
patentable , an
invention must
pass four tests;
1. The invention
must fall into one
of the five
“statutory classes’:
Processes,
Machines ,
Manufactures
Compositions of
matter, and New
uses of any of the
above
2. The invention
must be “useful”
3. The invention
must be “novel”
4. The invention
must be
“nonobvious’
9. PATENT LAW - SALIENT FEATURES
Both product and process patent provided
Term of patent – 20 years
Examination on request
Both pre-grant and post-grant opposition
Fast track mechanism for disposal of appeals
Provision for protection of bio-diversity and traditional knowledge
Publication of applications after 18 months with facility for early publication
Substantially reduced time-lines
10. TYPES OF PATENTS
Three types of patent are granted under the
provisions of the act, namely:
1. An Ordinary Patent
2. A Patent Of Addition
3. A Patent Of Convention
A second type of classification of patent is:
1. Product Patent
2. Process Patent
12. NON PATENTABLE INVENTIONS
Inventions falling within
Section 20(1) of the Atomic
Energy Act, 1962 are not
patentable
Eg: Inventions relating to
compounds of Uranium,
Beryllium, Thorium, Plutonium,
Radium, Graphite, Lithium and
more as notified by Central
Govt. from time to time.
13.
14. CONCLUSION
Patents can provide great value and increased returns to individuals
and companies on the investment made in developing new
technology. Patenting should be done with an intelligent strategy
that aligns business interests to implement the technology with a
wide range of options in the search for how, where and when to
patent. As an example, with a focus on international considerations
and regulations in specific countries, it is possible for a company to
achieve significant savings and improve the rights gained using
patents.