Pakistan has been facing acute energy crisis since last numerous years. The demand for energy is increasing rapidly in Pakistan. Energy is one of the most vital development priorities of Pakistan. The economy of Pakistan is mainly reliant on the electricity being produced by coal, oil, and natural gas. The total energy produced only makes up for a part of the total energy consumption. On the contrary, Pakistan possesses a huge potential for renewable energy sources like wind, solar, hydropower and biomass. Proper development and implementation of these alternative energy technologies can bring many benefits to the country in terms of energy, economy, environment and national security. Therefore, the key aim of this paper is to present the current energy situation and potential of renewable energy sources in Pakistan and link these factors with economy and business priorities.
The document presents on renewable energy sources and provides an overview of renewable energy in India. It discusses that renewable energy comes from sources that replenish naturally and includes solar, wind, hydro, and biomass. It then summarizes India's energy situation and potential from various renewable sources. The challenges facing renewable energy development in India are also outlined, such as high costs and regulatory issues. The presentation concludes that renewable energy has significant potential in India to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and create rural employment opportunities.
The document discusses renewable energy sources that could help solve Bangladesh's energy crisis and support sustainable development. It outlines various renewable sources available in Bangladesh including solar, wind, biogas, biodiesel, micro hydro, ocean wave, tidal, and geothermal energy. These sources have good potential to generate electricity and help meet the country's growing energy demands if developed further with support from the government and private sector. Renewable energy could also improve rural livelihoods and allow Bangladesh to export excess power in the future.
The document is a seminar report submitted by Ajay Kumar for the partial fulfillment of a Master of Technology degree in power system engineering. It discusses renewable energy scenarios in India with a focus on solar energy. The report provides an overview of solar photovoltaic power systems and how they convert sunlight into electricity using the photovoltaic effect discovered by Edmund Becquerel in 1839. It also acknowledges the guidance provided by the report's supervisor and others in its preparation.
India consumes 3.7% of the world's commercial energy, making it the 5th largest consumer globally. Total installed electricity capacity is 1,44,912 MW, though per capita electricity consumption is only 600 kWh per year. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass account for about 16% of global energy consumption and are the fastest growing sources of new energy capacity. In India, renewable energy production has been increasing in states where sources are abundant, with solar, wind, and hydro as the main renewable resources developed so far.
All natural energy on Earth comes from solar radiation, heat from the Earth's mantle, and gravity. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas are limited, non-renewable sources that have formed from ancient organic matter over millions of years. Energy can also be generated renewably from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass sources. Nuclear fission of uranium and thorium isotopes in the Earth's crust is another non-renewable source of energy. Hydrogen may become a sustainable energy source in the future.
The document discusses various renewable energy resources that can provide sustained growth including solar, wind, biomass, hydro, and tidal energy. It notes that fossil fuels are finite and cause pollution, while renewable resources are abundant in India. The government has implemented strategies to promote use of renewables such as solar water heaters and wind farms through various policies and initiatives.
The document presents on renewable energy sources and provides an overview of renewable energy in India. It discusses that renewable energy comes from sources that replenish naturally and includes solar, wind, hydro, and biomass. It then summarizes India's energy situation and potential from various renewable sources. The challenges facing renewable energy development in India are also outlined, such as high costs and regulatory issues. The presentation concludes that renewable energy has significant potential in India to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and create rural employment opportunities.
The document discusses renewable energy sources that could help solve Bangladesh's energy crisis and support sustainable development. It outlines various renewable sources available in Bangladesh including solar, wind, biogas, biodiesel, micro hydro, ocean wave, tidal, and geothermal energy. These sources have good potential to generate electricity and help meet the country's growing energy demands if developed further with support from the government and private sector. Renewable energy could also improve rural livelihoods and allow Bangladesh to export excess power in the future.
The document is a seminar report submitted by Ajay Kumar for the partial fulfillment of a Master of Technology degree in power system engineering. It discusses renewable energy scenarios in India with a focus on solar energy. The report provides an overview of solar photovoltaic power systems and how they convert sunlight into electricity using the photovoltaic effect discovered by Edmund Becquerel in 1839. It also acknowledges the guidance provided by the report's supervisor and others in its preparation.
India consumes 3.7% of the world's commercial energy, making it the 5th largest consumer globally. Total installed electricity capacity is 1,44,912 MW, though per capita electricity consumption is only 600 kWh per year. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass account for about 16% of global energy consumption and are the fastest growing sources of new energy capacity. In India, renewable energy production has been increasing in states where sources are abundant, with solar, wind, and hydro as the main renewable resources developed so far.
All natural energy on Earth comes from solar radiation, heat from the Earth's mantle, and gravity. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas are limited, non-renewable sources that have formed from ancient organic matter over millions of years. Energy can also be generated renewably from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass sources. Nuclear fission of uranium and thorium isotopes in the Earth's crust is another non-renewable source of energy. Hydrogen may become a sustainable energy source in the future.
The document discusses various renewable energy resources that can provide sustained growth including solar, wind, biomass, hydro, and tidal energy. It notes that fossil fuels are finite and cause pollution, while renewable resources are abundant in India. The government has implemented strategies to promote use of renewables such as solar water heaters and wind farms through various policies and initiatives.
The document contains information about different members of a group along with their names and roll numbers. It then provides details about various types of renewable energy sources including solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy and biomass. It discusses solar energy and wind energy in more depth, providing statistics on installed capacity in India and key solar parks and wind farms. The document also summarizes information on geothermal energy, including its uses, types of geothermal power plants and top geothermal power stations worldwide.
This document provides an introduction to non-conventional energy sources. It defines various types of energy sources such as primary and secondary, commercial and non-commercial, and renewable and non-renewable. India's energy scenario is discussed, noting its rapid economic growth places high demand on energy resources. Coal, petroleum and natural gas make up a large portion of India's energy production and consumption currently, though renewable sources such as solar, wind and biomass have significant untapped potential.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AND FUTURE PROSPECTSAkansha Ganguly
This document discusses various alternative energy sources and their potential in India. It provides an overview of solar, biomass and wind energy - their applications, potential and progress in India. For solar energy, it describes uses in power generation, heating, lighting and vehicles. Biomass energy comes from organic sources and is being used in gasifiers and plants. Wind energy farms have been growing in India, which now has the 5th largest installed wind capacity. However, alternative sources still only meet a small part of India's energy needs and more development is required.
Top 5 renewable energy sources of near futureVik Aggarwal
The document summarizes 5 renewable energy sources that are expected to be prominent in the near future:
1) Solar energy is predicted to provide nearly a quarter of the world's electricity by 2050 according to the IEA.
2) Wind energy is becoming more efficient and cost effective, with the largest US wind farm in Texas and UK leading in offshore wind.
3) Kinetic energy from motion can be captured at industrial levels with companies investing in research.
4) Hydroelectric power accounts for 19% of global electricity and abundant potential remains in developing regions.
5) Wave motion energy is still being developed but the Aguçadoura Wave Farm in Portugal was an early commercial project.
The document discusses energy and energy resources. It defines energy and lists various forms of energy. It notes that the three primary energy sources are solar energy, geothermal energy from the Earth's interior, and planetary energy from gravitational attraction and tides. It describes how humans have historically harvested more useful forms of energy, from grass and meat to modern fossil fuels and electricity. The document also discusses trends in global and Indian energy consumption and production over time and by sector. It notes that while population and development have increased energy demand, conventional energy sources are depleting and environmentally hazardous. More sustainable non-conventional energy sources need to be adopted.
This document provides an overview of energy sources in India. It discusses primary energy sources like coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear energy which account for a majority of India's energy consumption. Coal is the most important domestic energy source, accounting for 55% of India's needs. Petroleum consumption is growing rapidly with demand expected to increase over 200 million metric tons by 2032. Natural gas reserves are over 437 billion cubic meters but domestic production is still lower than consumption. Nuclear and hydro power are also discussed as important sources of energy in India's energy mix. The country aims to increase nuclear power output fivefold to 64,000 MW by 2032 to meet its growing energy demands.
CONVENTIONAL AND NON CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES Rhythm Narula
Conventional sources of energy include coal, petroleum, natural gas, and hydroelectric power. These are non-renewable and in limited supply. Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, and biomass energies, which are renewable but have not been fully tapped. India relies heavily on coal but is diversifying its energy sources. It has potential for solar, wind, and tidal energy but needs further development of technologies to utilize these renewables.
This document provides an overview of energy sources and conservation. It discusses key scientists in energy development like James Joule and the laws of thermodynamics. It also covers various energy sources like fossil fuels, nuclear power, solar energy, and biomass. Non-renewable energy sources are those that cannot be replaced quickly, like coal, petroleum and natural gas. Renewable sources include solar, wind and biomass. The document examines energy usage trends worldwide and in India. It analyzes challenges around meeting India's increasing energy demands in a sustainable manner.
India has a variety of energy resources but they are unevenly distributed. Demand for energy has grown rapidly but over 80,000 villages still lack electricity and 44% of households do not have access. The government aims to provide power to all by 2012 by increasing installed generation capacity to over 200,000 MW from the current level of 162,366 MW. India has significant untapped potential from renewable resources like biomass, solar, wind, and small hydro power that could meet future energy needs and help solve long-term problems.
The document discusses renewable energy in India, providing an overview of India's energy sector and the status and future prospects of renewable energy. It notes that India has significant potential for renewable energy from sources like solar, wind and hydro due to its climate and geography. The document outlines India's targets for increasing renewable energy capacity and summarizes the current installed capacity and leadership in sectors like wind and solar energy. It also examines investment opportunities and government support for growing renewable energy in India.
The document discusses and classifies various energy sources. It outlines primary energy resources which include fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, hydro energy, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and ocean energy. Secondary energy resources derive from primary sources and include petrol, diesel, kerosene oil, CNG, and LPG. Energy sources are also classified based on being conventional or non-conventional as well as renewable or non-renewable. Key energy sources discussed in more detail include petroleum, natural gas, solar energy, and hydroelectric energy.
Conventional energy and non conventional sources of energy in indiaswapoo371
Conventional energy and Non-Conventional Sources of Energy In India,
solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, bio energy,Conventional Sources of Energy,Coal,Oil and Natural Gas,Electricity.Thermal Power , Hydro-electric power ,Nuclear Power,Advantages of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy,disAdvantages Conventional Sources of Energy
The document is a seminar report on green energy that discusses various renewable energy sources including biomass energy. It provides an overview of green energy and why it is important to use. It then discusses biomass energy in detail. Biomass energy is the conversion of organic material from plants and crops into useful forms of energy. It notes that biomass was the first energy source harnessed by humans. While biomass accounts for a large portion of energy in developing countries, modernized biomass technologies can help biomass play a more significant role worldwide in a cleaner, more efficient manner.
This document discusses renewable energy sources and provides an overview of energy science and technology. It covers various forms of energy, both renewable and non-renewable sources, energy transformations, energy demand trends, and the relationship between energy science and other fields like physics, chemistry, and biology. The increasing global demand for energy is driven by population growth, industrialization, and rising standards of living. While demand for energy is growing rapidly, renewable sources currently only provide a small portion of global energy but are expected to contribute a larger share in the coming decades.
India faces significant energy issues due to its large population and rapid economic growth. Non-conventional energy resources (NCER) like solar, wind, biomass, and hydro offer promising solutions. The document discusses India's current energy scenario and proposes increasing the use of NCER systems to address power shortages. Key NCER resources discussed include solar, wind, biomass, tidal, geothermal, and hydro energy. Solar and wind energy have large potential in India. Biomass potential from agricultural waste is estimated at 22,000 MW. Tidal energy uses tidal differences to power turbines. Geothermal taps heat from the Earth's core, and hydro uses falling or fast-running water.
Developing renewable energy sources is the means to secure for safe future.sarbottam silwal
Renewable energy sources like sunlight, wind, and tides provide approximately 16% of the world's daily energy needs and have several key advantages over non-renewable sources. Renewable sources can be replenished continuously without depletion, and do not pollute the environment when used. They also promote economic growth through jobs in industries powered by renewable electricity and lower long-term maintenance costs compared to fossil fuels. Transitioning to greater use of renewable sources will help ensure a safer, healthier future by reducing harmful greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming.
The document discusses the future of energy in Bangladesh. It outlines various renewable and non-renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, biomass, municipal solid waste, coal, crude oil, and natural gas. For renewable sources, it provides brief descriptions of how each works. It also notes that scientists in Bangladesh have identified reserves of heavy minerals in sea sands. The document is authored by Shamil Arfan Tuhin and is intended to outline energy topics for Bangladesh.
India's electricity sector has an installed capacity of 250 GW as of 2014. Thermal power makes up the majority at 87.5% of capacity, while renewable sources like hydro, solar and wind make up the remaining 12.5%. Coal fired plants account for 59% of India's installed capacity. India faces challenges in meeting rising demand due to insufficient domestic coal reserves and transmission and distribution losses. However, the government is promoting renewable energy and aims to increase nuclear and hydro power generation to meet its growing needs in a sustainable manner.
This document discusses various non-conventional and renewable energy sources, including solar energy, wind energy, biomass, biofuels, ocean energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, and hydropower. It provides details on technologies like solar cookers, solar photovoltaic cells, solar water pumps, wind turbines, and how these renewable sources can be used to generate electricity and power things like pumps. The conclusion emphasizes that India has great potential for renewable energy development to help meet its growing energy demands.
Steven Mugema will give a presentation on renewable energy resources in Uganda. Uganda has significant potential for renewable energy generation, including hydroelectricity (2,200 MW potential), solar (200 MW), biomass (1,650 MW), geothermal (450 MW), peat (800 MW), and wind. However, currently only a small fraction of this potential is exploited, with renewable energy excluding large hydropower contributing less than 2% of Uganda's total energy consumption. The presentation will provide details on Uganda's various renewable energy resources and their potential.
Energy crisis : Media & Current Affairs : Student CollaborationAli Haider Saeed
An illustration of student-teacher collaborative discussion model in the subject of Media & Current Affairs during the Fall session 2020, Students engaged in the discussion on energy crises
This document discusses renewable energy resources and energy efficiency. It provides an overview of different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass and geothermal. It also discusses the need to conserve energy and increase energy efficiency to support economic growth while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The document emphasizes that renewable energy has significant potential to contribute to the economy by providing a stable domestic energy supply and reducing environmental and health impacts. It concludes that widespread efforts are needed to develop renewable energy to meet future energy demand and support sustainable economic development.
The document contains information about different members of a group along with their names and roll numbers. It then provides details about various types of renewable energy sources including solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy and biomass. It discusses solar energy and wind energy in more depth, providing statistics on installed capacity in India and key solar parks and wind farms. The document also summarizes information on geothermal energy, including its uses, types of geothermal power plants and top geothermal power stations worldwide.
This document provides an introduction to non-conventional energy sources. It defines various types of energy sources such as primary and secondary, commercial and non-commercial, and renewable and non-renewable. India's energy scenario is discussed, noting its rapid economic growth places high demand on energy resources. Coal, petroleum and natural gas make up a large portion of India's energy production and consumption currently, though renewable sources such as solar, wind and biomass have significant untapped potential.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AND FUTURE PROSPECTSAkansha Ganguly
This document discusses various alternative energy sources and their potential in India. It provides an overview of solar, biomass and wind energy - their applications, potential and progress in India. For solar energy, it describes uses in power generation, heating, lighting and vehicles. Biomass energy comes from organic sources and is being used in gasifiers and plants. Wind energy farms have been growing in India, which now has the 5th largest installed wind capacity. However, alternative sources still only meet a small part of India's energy needs and more development is required.
Top 5 renewable energy sources of near futureVik Aggarwal
The document summarizes 5 renewable energy sources that are expected to be prominent in the near future:
1) Solar energy is predicted to provide nearly a quarter of the world's electricity by 2050 according to the IEA.
2) Wind energy is becoming more efficient and cost effective, with the largest US wind farm in Texas and UK leading in offshore wind.
3) Kinetic energy from motion can be captured at industrial levels with companies investing in research.
4) Hydroelectric power accounts for 19% of global electricity and abundant potential remains in developing regions.
5) Wave motion energy is still being developed but the Aguçadoura Wave Farm in Portugal was an early commercial project.
The document discusses energy and energy resources. It defines energy and lists various forms of energy. It notes that the three primary energy sources are solar energy, geothermal energy from the Earth's interior, and planetary energy from gravitational attraction and tides. It describes how humans have historically harvested more useful forms of energy, from grass and meat to modern fossil fuels and electricity. The document also discusses trends in global and Indian energy consumption and production over time and by sector. It notes that while population and development have increased energy demand, conventional energy sources are depleting and environmentally hazardous. More sustainable non-conventional energy sources need to be adopted.
This document provides an overview of energy sources in India. It discusses primary energy sources like coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear energy which account for a majority of India's energy consumption. Coal is the most important domestic energy source, accounting for 55% of India's needs. Petroleum consumption is growing rapidly with demand expected to increase over 200 million metric tons by 2032. Natural gas reserves are over 437 billion cubic meters but domestic production is still lower than consumption. Nuclear and hydro power are also discussed as important sources of energy in India's energy mix. The country aims to increase nuclear power output fivefold to 64,000 MW by 2032 to meet its growing energy demands.
CONVENTIONAL AND NON CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES Rhythm Narula
Conventional sources of energy include coal, petroleum, natural gas, and hydroelectric power. These are non-renewable and in limited supply. Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, and biomass energies, which are renewable but have not been fully tapped. India relies heavily on coal but is diversifying its energy sources. It has potential for solar, wind, and tidal energy but needs further development of technologies to utilize these renewables.
This document provides an overview of energy sources and conservation. It discusses key scientists in energy development like James Joule and the laws of thermodynamics. It also covers various energy sources like fossil fuels, nuclear power, solar energy, and biomass. Non-renewable energy sources are those that cannot be replaced quickly, like coal, petroleum and natural gas. Renewable sources include solar, wind and biomass. The document examines energy usage trends worldwide and in India. It analyzes challenges around meeting India's increasing energy demands in a sustainable manner.
India has a variety of energy resources but they are unevenly distributed. Demand for energy has grown rapidly but over 80,000 villages still lack electricity and 44% of households do not have access. The government aims to provide power to all by 2012 by increasing installed generation capacity to over 200,000 MW from the current level of 162,366 MW. India has significant untapped potential from renewable resources like biomass, solar, wind, and small hydro power that could meet future energy needs and help solve long-term problems.
The document discusses renewable energy in India, providing an overview of India's energy sector and the status and future prospects of renewable energy. It notes that India has significant potential for renewable energy from sources like solar, wind and hydro due to its climate and geography. The document outlines India's targets for increasing renewable energy capacity and summarizes the current installed capacity and leadership in sectors like wind and solar energy. It also examines investment opportunities and government support for growing renewable energy in India.
The document discusses and classifies various energy sources. It outlines primary energy resources which include fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, hydro energy, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and ocean energy. Secondary energy resources derive from primary sources and include petrol, diesel, kerosene oil, CNG, and LPG. Energy sources are also classified based on being conventional or non-conventional as well as renewable or non-renewable. Key energy sources discussed in more detail include petroleum, natural gas, solar energy, and hydroelectric energy.
Conventional energy and non conventional sources of energy in indiaswapoo371
Conventional energy and Non-Conventional Sources of Energy In India,
solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, bio energy,Conventional Sources of Energy,Coal,Oil and Natural Gas,Electricity.Thermal Power , Hydro-electric power ,Nuclear Power,Advantages of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy,disAdvantages Conventional Sources of Energy
The document is a seminar report on green energy that discusses various renewable energy sources including biomass energy. It provides an overview of green energy and why it is important to use. It then discusses biomass energy in detail. Biomass energy is the conversion of organic material from plants and crops into useful forms of energy. It notes that biomass was the first energy source harnessed by humans. While biomass accounts for a large portion of energy in developing countries, modernized biomass technologies can help biomass play a more significant role worldwide in a cleaner, more efficient manner.
This document discusses renewable energy sources and provides an overview of energy science and technology. It covers various forms of energy, both renewable and non-renewable sources, energy transformations, energy demand trends, and the relationship between energy science and other fields like physics, chemistry, and biology. The increasing global demand for energy is driven by population growth, industrialization, and rising standards of living. While demand for energy is growing rapidly, renewable sources currently only provide a small portion of global energy but are expected to contribute a larger share in the coming decades.
India faces significant energy issues due to its large population and rapid economic growth. Non-conventional energy resources (NCER) like solar, wind, biomass, and hydro offer promising solutions. The document discusses India's current energy scenario and proposes increasing the use of NCER systems to address power shortages. Key NCER resources discussed include solar, wind, biomass, tidal, geothermal, and hydro energy. Solar and wind energy have large potential in India. Biomass potential from agricultural waste is estimated at 22,000 MW. Tidal energy uses tidal differences to power turbines. Geothermal taps heat from the Earth's core, and hydro uses falling or fast-running water.
Developing renewable energy sources is the means to secure for safe future.sarbottam silwal
Renewable energy sources like sunlight, wind, and tides provide approximately 16% of the world's daily energy needs and have several key advantages over non-renewable sources. Renewable sources can be replenished continuously without depletion, and do not pollute the environment when used. They also promote economic growth through jobs in industries powered by renewable electricity and lower long-term maintenance costs compared to fossil fuels. Transitioning to greater use of renewable sources will help ensure a safer, healthier future by reducing harmful greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming.
The document discusses the future of energy in Bangladesh. It outlines various renewable and non-renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, biomass, municipal solid waste, coal, crude oil, and natural gas. For renewable sources, it provides brief descriptions of how each works. It also notes that scientists in Bangladesh have identified reserves of heavy minerals in sea sands. The document is authored by Shamil Arfan Tuhin and is intended to outline energy topics for Bangladesh.
India's electricity sector has an installed capacity of 250 GW as of 2014. Thermal power makes up the majority at 87.5% of capacity, while renewable sources like hydro, solar and wind make up the remaining 12.5%. Coal fired plants account for 59% of India's installed capacity. India faces challenges in meeting rising demand due to insufficient domestic coal reserves and transmission and distribution losses. However, the government is promoting renewable energy and aims to increase nuclear and hydro power generation to meet its growing needs in a sustainable manner.
This document discusses various non-conventional and renewable energy sources, including solar energy, wind energy, biomass, biofuels, ocean energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, and hydropower. It provides details on technologies like solar cookers, solar photovoltaic cells, solar water pumps, wind turbines, and how these renewable sources can be used to generate electricity and power things like pumps. The conclusion emphasizes that India has great potential for renewable energy development to help meet its growing energy demands.
Steven Mugema will give a presentation on renewable energy resources in Uganda. Uganda has significant potential for renewable energy generation, including hydroelectricity (2,200 MW potential), solar (200 MW), biomass (1,650 MW), geothermal (450 MW), peat (800 MW), and wind. However, currently only a small fraction of this potential is exploited, with renewable energy excluding large hydropower contributing less than 2% of Uganda's total energy consumption. The presentation will provide details on Uganda's various renewable energy resources and their potential.
Energy crisis : Media & Current Affairs : Student CollaborationAli Haider Saeed
An illustration of student-teacher collaborative discussion model in the subject of Media & Current Affairs during the Fall session 2020, Students engaged in the discussion on energy crises
This document discusses renewable energy resources and energy efficiency. It provides an overview of different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass and geothermal. It also discusses the need to conserve energy and increase energy efficiency to support economic growth while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The document emphasizes that renewable energy has significant potential to contribute to the economy by providing a stable domestic energy supply and reducing environmental and health impacts. It concludes that widespread efforts are needed to develop renewable energy to meet future energy demand and support sustainable economic development.
Pakistan faces a severe energy crisis, with electricity outages of up to 18 hours per day. While coal is an abundant domestic energy source, it has not been developed for power generation in decades. The discovery of large coal reserves offers potential to generate over 100,000 MW of electricity in the next 30 years. However, reliable coal supplies are needed for significant growth in coal power. Currently, thermal power from oil, gas and coal makes up 70% of Pakistan's electricity capacity. Residential users account for the majority of electricity consumption.
The document discusses Pakistan's energy challenges and proposes solutions. It notes that Pakistan faces depletion of fossil fuel resources like gas and oil within the next 12-20 years. To remedy this, it recommends developing a comprehensive energy plan that promotes energy efficiency, conservation, and alternative renewable sources like solar, wind, and biofuels. Specifically, it suggests regulations on energy usage, increasing generation and distribution infrastructure, and accelerating projects to develop indigenous hydropower resources.
This document discusses Pakistan's energy crisis and options for conservation and renewable energy. It notes that Pakistan has been facing shortages in oil and electricity for the past 5-6 years. It then discusses various renewable energy sources that could help address this crisis, including solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, and tidal energy. Small hydro in particular is highlighted as an option well-suited for rural areas not connected to the grid. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of conserving energy and utilizing renewable resources like solar, wind, water, and biomass to help Pakistan's economy and address its current energy challenges.
Alternative Electric Power Plant that Environmental Friendliness at Indonesiainventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
In the present generation energy plays a vital role in our world and for human life it´s very important factor. There is a methodical meeting taking place regarding the conservation of energy and every time there is a review in the agenda. Energy demand and supply were endeavored by these countries. To rectify these problems, there should be more research in the generation of energy with the greater efficiency and try to use energy in more efficient manner. Solar energy remains as the most prominent source of energy as it is cost effective and environmentally friendly. Reviews convey that solar energy systems will play a major role in the power generations. As per present scenario there is a great importance to the solar energy using photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic systems exhibit an important role for solar energy production.
Role of renewables in energy mix in perspective of indian energy independence...IAEME Publication
This document provides an overview of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in India. It discusses that coal currently dominates India's energy production and consumption, but renewables are being promoted. The roles of various energy companies in India are described. Statistics on India's oil, coal, and natural gas reserves are presented, showing coal reserves could last over 100 years. While fossil fuels will meet demand for over a century, efforts are still needed to develop renewable alternatives to protect the environment for future generations.
Role of renewables in energy mix in perspective of indian energy independence...IAEME Publication
This document provides an overview of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in India. It discusses that coal currently dominates India's energy production and consumption, but renewables are being promoted. The roles of various energy companies in India are described. Statistics on India's oil, coal, and natural gas reserves are presented, showing coal reserves could last over 100 years. While fossil fuels will meet demand for over a century, efforts are still needed to develop renewable alternatives to protect the environment for future generations.
Renewable power energy production the energy sustenance option for nigeriaAlexander Decker
This document discusses renewable power energy production as an option for meeting Nigeria's energy needs. It notes that Nigeria receives abundant sunlight and has potential for solar power production. Specifically, it receives an average of 3.5-7 kWh/m2/day of solar radiation. Biomass is also widely available across Nigeria and has potential to generate 442MWe of energy. The document aims to highlight how renewable energy sources like solar and biomass could be developed to deliver megawatts of energy to the national grid and provide a renewable energy plan for Nigeria. It argues that solar and biomass technologies could help address Nigeria's problem of inefficient electricity distribution and unreliable power supply by harnessing the abundant solar and biomass resources.
This document discusses the importance of renewable energy and summarizes various renewable energy sources. It begins by stating that most of the world relies heavily on oil, gas, and coal for its energy needs, but these are finite resources that will eventually deplete. The document then summarizes several common renewable energy sources like solar power, wind power, hydroelectric power, geothermal power, and biomass energy. It provides brief descriptions of each technology and notes their environmental benefits compared to fossil fuels. The overall message is that renewable energy can meet much of the world's growing energy demand in a more sustainable way.
In this paper, Agham explores the issue of the use of renewable energy in the country and its place in achieving a pro-people, pro-environment national power industry. The paper would go through the basics of renewable energy (RE), the country's renewable energy resources and potentials vis-à-vis the current energy pattern. The overarching policy and program of the government will then be discussed, its impacts on the current energy landscape and Agham's critique on the current framework.
Role of women in energy management at household level in peshawar, pakistanhunypink
This document summarizes a research study on the role of women in energy management at the household level in Peshawar, Pakistan. The study aims to understand women's awareness of energy management, use of renewable energy, response to power outages, and energy management strategies. A survey was conducted with 121 female respondents in Peshawar. The survey found that over half of women are aware of energy savings, peak hours pricing, and scheduled power outages. However, there is still a gap in integrating social and behavioral aspects of energy consumers to move toward more sustainable solutions, especially as women play a large role in household energy use.
This document reviews the suitability of pico-hydropower technology for addressing Nigeria's energy crisis. It discusses Nigeria's energy challenges including low electrification rates, reliance on biomass, and the need to develop sustainable decentralized energy solutions. Pico-hydropower is presented as a potentially important option that could provide cleaner energy to rural communities at an affordable cost while reducing environmental impacts. The technology could help power farms, small businesses and contribute to Nigeria achieving its development goals of universal energy access.
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
The document discusses the role of clean energy, specifically nuclear power and energy storage, in addressing climate change and transitioning away from fossil fuels. It argues that nuclear power can play a major role in minimizing climate change by producing little to no greenhouse gas emissions over its lifecycle. Energy storage is also seen as important for integrating renewable energy sources like wind and solar into the electric grid and enabling the transition off fossil fuels, as renewables have variable output that storage could help balance. The document examines both the technical and economic impacts of energy storage and variable renewables on the grid and their potential to replace fossil fuels as costs decline and reliability increases over time.
Over the last decade, the liberalization of the electricity market has been sought. In order to fight the environmental impact caused by the use of fossil fuels, it is aimed to change the current system of centralized generation and achieve a more distributed one; distributed resources can use renewable or non-renewable resources as main source of energy, one way to implement these distributed systems is through micro electrical grids, since these allow improving energy efficiency. The way to efficiently implement this type of network is an important point to be solved in future research and even more if the way of conducting an electricity market for different communities is unknown. That is why this text presents the characteristics of microgrids, the management of microgrids, and the wide and promising panorama of future opportunities for a great development of this type of grid.
Renewables- The Knight in the Silver Armor for Power famished IndiaAnkit Prabhash
India faces significant challenges in meeting its growing energy demands due to a large gap between energy supply and demand. Renewable energy presents an opportunity to help address this issue with advantages like sustainability, low operational costs, and environmental friendliness. Renewable energy capacity in India has grown significantly at an average rate of 19% between 2007-2014, driven by factors like energy security concerns, government support through incentives, climate change impacts, and falling technology costs. If India ramps up development of solar and wind energy, renewables could provide 70% of its electricity and 35% of total energy by 2030, enhancing energy security and representing a promising economic and environmental future for the country.
The document discusses renewable energy readiness in Nigeria. It finds that while Nigeria has abundant renewable resources like solar, wind, and hydro, current utilization is still low apart from large hydro projects. Projections show electricity demand rising dramatically by 2030. Meeting this demand will require major investment that the government cannot provide alone. The document recommends encouraging private sector investment and developing renewables on a large scale. Key agencies in Nigeria like REA and NERC are working to promote mini-grids and a supportive regulatory environment to develop renewable energy.
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The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan
1. D u r r e e s a m i n J o u r n a l ( I S S N : 2 2 0 4 - 9 8 2 7 )
J u l y V o l 1 I s s u e 3 , Y e a r 2 0 1 5
The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan
Umair Shahzad
(Riphah College of Engineering & Technology,
Riphah International University,
Faisalabad.
umairshahzada@hotmail.com)
I. INTRODUCTION
The world is turning into a global village and fast
industrialization process has resulted in an increased energy
demand. Prices of fossil fuels are sky-rocketing. If these fuels
are consumed at the same rate, oil and gas reserves will hardly
be available after 40 and 65 years respectively [1].
Fossil fuels cause many environmental problems. The
solution to these problems lies in the hands of sustainable
energy development. With regard to this, renewable energy
sources serve as a solution. If these sources are compared with
the conventional energy sources, it is found out that renewable
sources offer many environmental benefits. Each renewable
source has a unique advantage which makes it exclusive.
Almost none of these sources contribute to any kind of
pollution. Although, at present non renewable energy sources
such as oil, natural gas and coal are highly used for electricity
production, the role of renewable sources should not be under-
estimated and must be emphasized and understood [2].
Pakistan has been facing unprecedented energy crisis since
the last two decades. The electricity shortage is an unremitting
problem that has decelerated Pakistan’s economy. The
problem becomes sever during summer season. The huge
deficit between supply and demand has resulted in routine
load-shedding. The continuing power crisis has badly affected
the daily lives and businesses of people. It has also hampered
the wheel of industry. People are forced to deal with day-long
interruptions in electricity and intolerable heat with no rational
solution. In recent years, this problem has really aggravated.
It has resulted in a forced load-shedding of the order of about
5000 MW, for 8-10 hours daily. This has affected all the
sectors of the economy, particularly, industrial and
agricultural sector. Therefore to reinforce the economic sector,
Pakistan has to strengthen its industrial sector with cost-
effective and efficient energy sources. Energy plays a key role
in making the economy powerful. However, a majority of
countries employ fossils fuels as source of electricity
generation and in that case, Pakistan also is not invulnerable.
One significant solution is to alternate fossil fuels with
renewable sources like wind, solar, biomass and hydropower.
II. ENERGY PRIORITIES AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
According to the National Transmission and Despatch
Company (NTDC), annual electricity growth rate is estimated
to drift around 5-6% over the next ten years, which translates
to a peak electricity demand of 32,000 MW by 2020. This
demand has been and will continue to increase due to
technological advancements, escalating population, additional
industrial and agricultural activities and rising of living
standards. Electricity generation from coal, oil and natural gas
is not reliable in the long run because they will eventually
deplete. Furthermore, there is also an environmental aspect
that must be considered while using them. They pose a serious
threat to living beings due to production of poisonous
greenhouse gases which, in turn, are causing global warming
[3], [4].
Renewable energy sources do not pollute the environment.
Contrary to fossil fuel energy, renewable energy is the kind of
energy which was planned and produced in laboratories with
experiments, then conveyed to commercial consumption by its
developers and presented for the welfare of people. No doubt,
fossil fuels may be dominant at the present but the time is not
far when industries and power houses will switch to renewable
sources for power production. It is because fossil fuels have a
finite life, possessing a future of nearly fifty years, and they
create ecological hazards. On the other side, renewable
sources are infinite, clean and probable to be cost-effective
[5], [6].
Abstract- Pakistan has been facing acute energy crisis since last numerous years. The demand for energy is increasing rapidly in Pakistan.
Energy is one of the most vital development priorities of Pakistan. The economy of Pakistan is mainly reliant on the electricity being produced
by coal, oil, and natural gas. The total energy produced only makes up for a part of the total energy consumption. On the contrary, Pakistan
possesses a huge potential for renewable energy sources like wind, solar, hydropower and biomass. Proper development and implementation of
these alternative energy technologies can bring many benefits to the country in terms of energy, economy, environment and national security.
Therefore, the key aim of this paper is to present the current energy situation and potential of renewable energy sources in Pakistan and link
these factors with economy and business priorities.
Keywords- Energy crisis, energy consumption, economic impact, alternative energy technology, renewable energy sources, Pakistan
2. D u r r e e s a m i n J o u r n a l ( I S S N : 2 2 0 4 - 9 8 2 7 )
J u l y V o l 1 I s s u e 3 , Y e a r 2 0 1 5
Nowadays, much attention is slanted towards renewable
energy sources, both in the developed and developing
countries. The primary reason for this inclination is the fact
that renewable sources are much cleaner and more
environmentally friendly. However, they require long-term
planning, long-term agreements and high up-front investment.
They also involve new legal codes. These factors are not good
as far as industrial utilization is concerned. But the
degradation of environment by fossil fuels intimidates human
health, class of life and ecological equilibrium. The issue of
energy security is also very important. Energy security is the
availability of energy in different forms, in ample volumes and
at inexpensive prices to strengthen economic growth.
Therefore, the plan should be to construct an effective energy
sector which is coherent with the economic development
objectives, industrialization rate and population growth as well
as supposed to be sensible, consistent, cost-effective, high
quality and efficient. Therefore, in order to have a strong
energy market nurturing economic growth and business, the
energy sector shall possess the characteristics of energy
availability, energy efficiency, promotion of clean energy,
financial sources for energy need, future energy investments to
sustain economic growth and suitable energy policies to tackle
the perils of greenhouse effects and global warming [7].
III. ADVANTAGES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
The most significant advantage of using renewable energy
is its sustainable nature. This means it will never run out. On
the contrary, fossil fuels will end one day. They do not
produce any toxic gases which lead to air pollution and
eventually global warming. Therefore, these sources are
environmentally friendly. Some sources, especially wind and
solar power, can bring a lot of economic benefits by providing
power to the rural areas where there is absence of transmission
lines. They can also play a vital role in stabilizing energy
prices as the cost of renewable sources are highly dependent
on invested capital rather than increasing or declining cost of
fossil fuels. Electricity provided by renewable sources is much
consistent. This is because wind turbines and solar panels are
generally distributed and modular respectively. This implies
that if some equipment is faulty, the rest can still work
normally and provide power to consumers. Last, but not the
least, renewable energy sector can provide employment to
many people as a lot of wind, biomass and solar potential still
needs to be explored worldwide, including Pakistan too.
IV. THE NEED FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
With technological advancements in mass communication,
people have now become aware of the demerits of burning
fossil fuels. Renewable energy is the need of the hour. Its
clean and sustainable nature has compelled the human beings
to think seriously about it. Scientists and Engineers, around
the world, are continuously working and researching in this
domain. They are finding new ways to use these sources of
energy effectively. Global warming is a huge hazard which is
being caused by burning of coal, oil and natural gas. It is very
harmful for the planet and the living beings on it. To put an
end to this apocalypse, we must resort to renewable sources.
This is because they are cleaner and do not produce poisonous
harmful gases. Moreover, fossil fuels are finite. They will
certainly end one day. Therefore, before the crucial stage
comes up, renewable energy sources should replace them as
the main sources of generating electricity.
V. RENEWABLE ENERGY AND PAKISTAN
Pakistan’s economy has never been a stable one. Disorders
have always been a part of it. However, after 1990s, Pakistan’s
economy started to grow at a steady pace. As a result of the
growing economy, the demand for energy increased. The
government, without realizing the importance of energy
requirement to cater the massive industrialization, encouraged
the establishment of various industries. This resulted in a huge
pressure on the limited resources of the country. Oil, natural
gas and hydropower are three primary energy sources which
are presently fulfilling the energy demands. This is depicted in
Fig.1. As a result of the limited oil and gas supply, Pakistan is
forced to import large quantities of oil and gas from Middle-
East countries, especially U.A.E. and Saudi Arabia.
Fig.1 Energy overview of Pakistan [8]
Pakistan is facing one of its worst energy crises, and with
the population growth, demand for electricity is set to augment
without bounds. Meeting this demand is an overwhelming task
for the present and future political governments, given the
fact that the current installed generation capacity of the
country is 23,578 MW, whereas at any given time, the
available (generated) capacity remains under 17,000 MW.
Adding almost 10,000 MW in the installed capacity within the
next seven or eight years, and achieving a supplementary
effective generation capacity of over 15,000 MW in the same
period of time, is a mounting task. It requires a multi-faceted
approach that incorporates improving the present distribution
system, replacing fossil fuels with renewable sources for
generating electric power and considerably cutting the line
losses, which are at an startling rate of about 25% – among the
highest in the world [9].
Pakistan is located in a very ideal position with respect to
the sunny belt. Therefore, it is blessed with an opportunity to
make the most efficient use of solar energy. Solar energy is
plentifully available throughout the country. In fact, Pakistan
has a very high insolation at about 5.3 KWh/m2/day.
3. D u r r e e s a m i n J o u r n a l ( I S S N : 2 2 0 4 - 9 8 2 7 )
J u l y V o l 1 I s s u e 3 , Y e a r 2 0 1 5
Insolation is basically the total amount of solar energy on a
given surface area during a given time. During the last few
years, considerable developments have been made in this
field. At present, solar energy is being used for a range of
purposes. These include solar water heating system, solar
electrification of rural houses, stand-alone rural telephone
exchanges, solar water pumps, photovoltaic modules,
regulators, highway emergency telephones, refrigeration for
vaccine and medicines in the hospitals etc. Fig. 2 and Fig.3
show solar electrification and solar water heating system. Both
the private and public sectors are playing a vital role in the
advancement and up gradation of photovoltaic systems present
in the country. This solar potential can be greatly utilized to
provide power to rural distant villages where power
transmission lines do not have any access. Such areas mainly
include the suburbs of Sindh and Baluchistan. Pakistan is
continuously building solar power projects in various areas of
Punjab and Baluchistan with the aid of International
Renewable Energy Agency (IREA), China. On 29th May
2012, the country has inaugurated the first ever solar power
on-grid power plant in Islamabad. The Project titled
"Introduction of Clean Energy by Solar Electricity Generation
System" is a special grant aid project of Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) under Cool Earth Partnership.
This project includes the installation of 178.08
kW Photovoltaic (PV) Systems each at the premises of
Planning Commission and Pakistan Engineering Council,
Islamabad which would cater to the needs of both, the
Planning Commission (P Block), Pak Secretariat and Pakistan
Engineering Council Buildings. Combining the generation
capability of both the PV systems, a total of 356.16 kW of
electricity can be generated by the whole setup. This is the
first on-grid solar PV project which has the arrangement of
net-metering which allows the beneficiaries to sell the surplus
electricity to Islamabad Electric Supply Company (IESCO),
the electricity distribution company of Islamabad Division.
The project is executed with the grant assistance of worth 480
million Yens (approximately 4 million US Dollars). Similarly,
Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park Project of 1000 MW has been
devised to build at Bahawalpur, Punjab. At present, the first
100 MW is under construction and will soon be connected to
national grid [10], [11], [12].
Fig. 2 Solar electrification of a rural house [13]
Fig.3 Solar water heating system installed in Islamabad [13]
Pakistan also possesses huge potential for wind energy
generation mainly along the coastal side and in the Swat
Region. These areas have good wind conditions which are
favorable for wind energy production but the major hurdle is
the lack of infrastructural facilities. If these facilities are
developed, the country can really excel in the area of wind
energy production. As mentioned above, many villages are
still not connected to the national grid. These villages can be
electrified successfully using micro wind turbines. Jhimpir
Wind Power Plant, Pakistan’s first wind power station, has
been operational since 2009 and possesses a capacity of 56.4
MW. Moreover, “Three Gorges First Wind Farm Pakistan
Company” has completed a project in Jhimpir, Sindh in
December 2014 which consists of 33 wind turbines, each
having a capacity of 1.5 MW. The same company has also
planned to build two wind power projects, each of 50 MW
generating capacity, at Jhimpir, Sindh in the year 2015. Many
projects by several companies, both public and private, are in
the pipeline and will be operational by the end of next year
(2016). Majority of these projects will take place in Jhimpir
and Gharo regions of Sindh Province [13].
Hydropower is one of the cheapest sources of power
generation available in Pakistan. Although it requires huge
capital investment but the low running costs make it feasible.
Statistics show that during 2005-2006 hydropower contributed
to 12.7% of the total energy .Currently, Pakistan has two
major dams which contribute the chief share of Pakistan’s
total hydropower production. Tarbela dam is one of the largest
in Asia and has a capacity of 3046MW and the other one is
Mangla having a capacity of 1000MW. Moreover, Ghazi-
Brotha Hydropower Project has been operational since 2002
and has a capacity of 1450 MW. Majority of hydropower
plants are under construction, the renowned ones being
Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower Plant and Golen Gol
Hydropower Plant. They will be operational by December
2016 and December 2015 respectively. Feasibility studies are
presently going on for many dams like Upper Palas
Hydropower Project (in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Province),
Thakot Hydropower Project (Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Province)
and Patan Hydropower Project (on River Indus). The
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J u l y V o l 1 I s s u e 3 , Y e a r 2 0 1 5
government has also commenced the development of Micro
hydro Kaplan turbine in a local industry for utilization of
available low head in canal systems of Pakistan. A total of 228
run-of-river type plants, with a total capacity of 3 MW, have
been installed in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Province of Pakistan.
These plants provide electric power for lights at night as well
as are used to run small industrial units. New projects such as
Kalabagh dam and Bhasha dam will be completed in near
future. Over the last sixty years, about 4800 MW has been
extracted from various hydropower plants and this potential
still remains to be fully utilized [14], [15].
Large amount of solid biomass consisting of wheat stalks,
rice husks and cotton cobs is produced annually in Pakistan.
Biomass is also commonly found in plants. It is mainly used
for cooking in rural areas. The country has huge potential for
generating electricity from biomass. Considering only the
sugar industry, it has the potential of producing more than
1000 MW of electricity from bagasse. Many offices, factories
and farms produce a lot of solid waste every day. At present,
there is no system to dispose off this waste in a reliable
manner. It is estimated that urban areas of Pakistan produce
about 55000 tons of solid waste daily. In Karachi alone, more
than 7,000 tons of solid waste is formed on a daily basis.
These large amounts of waste can be used as a fuel. For
example, they can be burnt in incinerators and the heat
generated can be used to heat the buildings and offices. United
Kingdom produces about 28 million tons of household hold
waste annually. This can generate about 1700 MW of energy
which is sufficient to meet the energy demand of 2.7 million
homes. This example clearly shows how significant is biomass
in production of clean electricity. Recently, Pakistan has
signed an agreement with China to work collectively on a
biomass project to put an end to energy crisis in Pakistan. This
agreement was signed between Guangzhou Institute of Energy
Conservation (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and The
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan in August,
2013.Thus, all the above mentioned potentials of renewable
energy sources should be employed by Pakistan in order to
capitalize itself in energy sector [16], [17].
We all know that fossil fuels will exhaust eventually and
government must think critically towards this fact. The
National Power Policy should be modified accordingly to
develop an efficient and consumer-centric power generation,
transmission and distribution system which integrates
maximum amount of available renewable sources. The policy
should set realistic ambitious objectives and targets. In
particular, it should give due consideration to renewable
sources of energy which have the potential to play a primary
role in ensuring the energy security and independence of the
country.
Keeping the generation cost minimal should be the prime
priority of the government, but from a policy perspective, it is
also important that a long-term potential for different sources
of energy and technologies is considered and incorporated in a
way that the policy is capable of harnessing the evolving
technological developments and associated economic and
environmental benefits. It might not be an exaggeration that a
renewable energy uprising at the global scale is in progress
and we are not realizing its full potential. The newly devised
National Power Policy has not fully grasped the simple fact
that the cost of renewable sources will continue to decline
while the cost of fossil fuels is likely to amplify in the coming
years.
Against this backdrop, the fundamental question is: does
the Power Policy of Pakistan suitably include the evolving
technologies to ensure our energy security in a competitive
manner on a reasonably long term basis? The answer to this
question is a big NO, if due consideration is not given to
renewable sources of energy.
Pakistan’s current energy mix is highly skewed towards
thermal and fossil fuel based power generation sources. Major
portion of thermal sources consists of furnace oil, coal and
natural gas. With rapidly depleting local natural gas reserves
and import of furnace oil, such power generation is highly
expensive and is likely to become even more vulnerable.
There are plentiful renewable energy resources in the
country including but not restricted to hydro, wind, solar,
biomass, geothermal and tidal. These sources must be used
efficiently and timely in order to rectify the energy crisis in
Pakistan and put the energy situation in the country on the
right path.
VI. CONCLUSION
This is the century of advanced technology with high rates
of industrialization and to keep this momentum going, role of
energy is very important. The need for renewable energy is
ever increasing throughout the world. Many developed nations
have already made efficient use of renewable energy sources.
During the past few years, the consumption of renewable
energy sources in Asia has augmented. Countries such as
China and India have realized the fact that there is no way
forward without investing heavily in the renewable energy
sector. Similarly, many developing nations such as Pakistan
are currently facing severe energy crisis. Unfortunately these
countries are not making rapid progress in this critical sector.
There is a tremendous potential of various renewable energy
sources in Pakistan but lack of funds, poor infrastructure and a
meager effort on the part of government are ruining the energy
situation. Today, the commonly used energy sources in the
world are fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil.
Moreover, most of the technologies are designed to run by
these sources. However, their utilization means polluting the
environment and causing ecological imbalance. Pakistan is
facing relentless energy crisis and it must do something
substantial in order to cope with the ever-increasing energy
demand. It should minimize the usage of contaminative energy
sources and resort to renewable sources like wind,
hydropower, biomass and solar to counter the huge problem of
energy demand. The country possesses huge potential in this
zone and renewable energy can play a significant role in
solving the dilemma of energy. The government must devise
strict energy policies, both on national and provincial levels,
5. D u r r e e s a m i n J o u r n a l ( I S S N : 2 2 0 4 - 9 8 2 7 )
J u l y V o l 1 I s s u e 3 , Y e a r 2 0 1 5
for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity,
employing renewable sources of energy. Innovative solutions
must be brought forward to create triumph stories.
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